廣東省廣州市普通高中2024-2025學(xué)年高三畢業(yè)班摸底考試英語試題

2025屆廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班摸底考試英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATakeonestepclosertothelightsonBroadway－buildessentialtheaterskillsandstartcarvingoutyourowncreativeprofessionalpath.Immersingthemselvesintheamazing,unparalleledNewYorktheaterscene,studentswillexploreandanalyzethecraft,includingcreatinganoriginalpieceandmeetingprofessionalsinthefield.Throughouttheterm,studentswillusebothclassroomworkandsitevisitsaroundthedowntowntoexamineandpletethecreativeprocessoftakinganinitialideatoproduction,gainingtechnicalexpertise(專業(yè)知識)andfluencyintheater.Studentswillalsoexploredifferentareasofprofessionalskilldevelopmentincludingplaywritingstructureandtechniques,actingmethodsthathelpbringaplaytolife,scenestructure.Thecourseisopentoallstudents－fromthosewhoarecuriousaboutthefieldbuthavenopriorexperiencetothosewhoalreadyhaveone(ormore!)plays,waitingtobedeveloped.CourseHighlights●pleteahandsonexperienceinplaywriting,actingandproduction,learningabouttherealprocessestheindustryusestocreatetheaterproductions.●Brainstorm,developaconcept,writeandworkshopadraftofashortplayorscene,andbringittostagewithinputandfeedbackfrominstructorsandpeers.●Getacloseupviewoftheoftenopaque(不透明的)businessoftheater,focusingonimpactstotheprofessionbroughtaboutbysocialmovementsandcurrentevents.Tuition*●ResidentialProgram(Studentsliveindormlikefacilitiesinthecenterofthecity):$6,845●DayProgram(Studentsmutetoclasseverydayanddonotreceiveacmodationandboard):$5,560(WeencouragegraduatingseniorstoapplybeforeJune21,2024fora$425discountontuition.)TermDate:July21－Aug2,2024ApplicationDeadline:Friday,July12,2024ContactAdmission:*Webelievefinancialcircumstancesshouldnotpreventsomeonefromjoiningourprogram.Explorefinancialaidandscholarships.LearnMore1.Whichistheprobablynameofthecourse?A.BroadwayDreams:EssentialSkillsforProfessionalPathB.TheaterIndustry:GainingInsightsintotheplexSystemC.BackstageExploration:BehindtheSceneofDramaCreationD.FromPagetoStage:Playwriting,PerformanceandProduction2.Whatwillstudentsdointhecourse?A.InteractwithBroadwayactors. B.Polishoriginaldraftsforstage.C.Seekinspirationinthesuburbs. D.Writeareviewontheirdrama.3.HowmuchshouldagraduatingseniorapplyingforaDayProgramonJune20,2024pay?A.$5,135 B.$5,560 C.$6,420 D.$6,845【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一門有關(guān)培養(yǎng)戲劇基本技能的課程?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Throughouttheterm,studentswillusebothclassroomworkandsitevisitsaroundthedowntowntoexamineandpletethecreativeprocessoftakinganinitialideatoproduction,gainingtechnicalexpertise( 專業(yè)知識 )andfluencyintheater.(在整個學(xué)期中，學(xué)生將使用課堂作業(yè)和市中心周圍的實(shí)地考察來檢查和完成將最初的想法付諸生產(chǎn)的創(chuàng)作過程，獲得技術(shù)專業(yè)知識和戲劇流暢性。)”和第三段“ Studentswillalsoexploredifferentareasofprofessionalskilldevelopment,includingplaywritingstructureandtechniques,actingmethodsthathelpbringaplaytolife,scenestructure.(學(xué)生還將探索不同領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)技能發(fā)展，包括劇本結(jié)構(gòu)和技巧，表演方法，使戲劇栩栩如生，場景結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可知，這門課程教學(xué)生們?nèi)绾伟颜n本所學(xué)的理論知識運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去，進(jìn)行戲劇創(chuàng)作生產(chǎn)；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)DFromPagetoStage:Playwriting,PerformanceandProduction(從書本到舞臺:劇本，表演和制作)切題。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CourseHighlights部分“Brainstorm,developaconcept,writeandworkshopadraftofashortplayorscene,andbringittostagewithinputandfeedbackfrominstructorsandpeers.(頭腦風(fēng)暴，發(fā)展一個概念，寫一個短劇或場景的草稿，并把它帶到舞臺上，從導(dǎo)師和同齡人那里得到輸入和反饋。)”可知，學(xué)生們將在課程中要作的事情是為舞臺潤色原始草稿。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Tuition部分中“DayProgram(Studentsmutetoclasseverydayanddonotreceiveacmodationandboard):$5,560(日間課程(學(xué)生每天通勤上課，不收取住宿和膳食):5,560美元)”和“WeencouragegraduatingseniorstoapplybeforeJune21,2024fora$425discountontuition.(我們鼓勵即將畢業(yè)的大四學(xué)生在2024年6月21日之前申請，以獲得425美元的學(xué)費(fèi)折扣。)”可知，2024年6月20日即將畢業(yè)的大四學(xué)生申請日間課程需要支付5560－425＝5135美元。故選A項(xiàng)。BInBududa,alushyetlandslidepronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36yearold,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbeeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomenled,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofine. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了烏干達(dá)東部的女性農(nóng)民正在以咖啡為生，以MaryButsina為例，介紹了女性咖啡農(nóng)的生活。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InBududa,alushyetlandslidepronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36yearold,holdingaredbucket.(在烏干達(dá)東部一個郁郁蔥蔥但容易發(fā)生山體滑坡的地區(qū)Bududa，MaryButsina和越來越多的其他女農(nóng)民正在以咖啡為生?！拔矣盟B(yǎng)活了我所有的10個孩子。36歲的她，手里拿著一個紅水桶)”以及第二段“Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.(他種植咖啡的利潤足以支付她的學(xué)費(fèi))”可知，在瑪麗的家鄉(xiāng)，咖啡是重要的收入來源。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.(“目的是減少女性在咖啡方面對男性的依賴?！爆旣愓f，盡管丈夫也可以加入，因?yàn)樗麄兺鶕碛锌Х确N植園并支持妻子。她說：“越來越多的女性開始自己種咖啡。”)”可知，婦女合作社能減少女性對丈夫的依賴，即幫助她們自己掌控咖啡種植業(yè)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbeeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomenled,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.(瑪麗每天早起采摘咖啡櫻桃?！斑@是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，但當(dāng)你集中精力時，它會變得很容易?！爆旣愓f。收集成熟的櫻桃后，她把它放在一桶水里，以清除不健康的櫻桃。然后豆子在水中發(fā)酵至少兩天，然后放在陽光下直接曬干。晾干后，咖啡豆被收集起來，然后由EndiroCoffee收集，這是一家與女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的有機(jī)農(nóng)場合作的社會企業(yè)?？Х冉?jīng)過研磨、烘焙和研磨，即可使用)”可知，第三段提到了咖啡豆的加工是為了突出瑪麗的奉獻(xiàn)和勤奮。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.(“我工作了很多，我不想停下來，但我想讓我的錢為我工作?！彼f)”可知，瑪麗的意思是她相信她的努力最終會得到回報。故選D。CAgoodstory.That’swhatinfluencesourchoicetobuyabookthemost.Right?Someofthebiggestsellingnovelsofalltimejustsohappenedtobeattachedtomajorpublishers.Indeed,anyreadingloverwillbefamiliarwiththecountlesspublishinghousesthathavebroughtbrilliantworkstothemarket.Sointheory,perhapsapublisherdoesmatter.Everytimeyoureadabookthatyouenjoy,youlikelylookatthepublisherattachedtoit.Thatnameisasignalthattheywillproduceothercontentthatfitswiththatsamestyle.Itmakesalotofsensetocontinuetopurchasetextsfromapanythatistellingthekindsofstoriesthatyouenjoythemost.Consumerhabitsarethusbasedontrustthatapublisherwillbeconsistentinthebookstheydeliverandthatinvestingtimeinthemismorereliablethananuntestedsource.Thestrengthoftheauthorthemselvescanalsoplayintothat.Afterall,welllikedauthorsareoftensignedtoabookdealwithaselectfewpublishers,strengtheningthebrandfurther.Ofcourse,apublisherwouldbenothingwithoutitslogo,whichisamajorcalltoarmsforallfansofthebrand.Thetoppublishersintheworldinstantlyrecognizableimagery,whichcatchtheattentionwhilesummingupthenameofabrandinaninstant.Thatthusbuildsourassociationwithagivenname.ThefunpenguinshapeofPenguinRandomHouseissoiconic,forexample,thatitcouldnotbeconfusedwithanyotherpublishingbusiness.Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.ExpertCassandraDavis,however,providesahopefulinsight.“Indiebookshopsaremorelikelytostockanindiepublisher’sbooks,especiallyiftheauthorislocaltothebookshop.”Shesays.Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchangethesetrends.8.Whichofthefollowingisnotastrategyforapublishertopromoteitsbrand?A.Maintainingconsistentpublishingstyle. B.Contractingwithrenownedwriters.C.Offeringdiscountstorepeatcustomers. D.Designingadistinctivetrademark.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsindiepublishers?A.Optimistic. B.Sympathetic. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thesetrends”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Dominanceofmajorpublishers. B.Lackofattentiontoexcellentbooks.C.Depressionoflocalbookshops. D.Stabilityofconsumers’preferences.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ShouldWeJudgeaBookbyItsPublisher?B.DoPublishersInfluenceOurReadingChoices?C.WhyDoWeChoosetheSamePublisherContinuously?D.WhatAdvantagesDoMajorPublishersHaveOverIndieOnes?【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講是出版商會影響我們的閱讀選擇的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Everytimeyoureadabookthatyouenjoy,youlikelylookatthepublisherattachedtoit.Thatnameisasignalthattheywillproduceothercontentthatfitswiththatsamestyle.(每次你讀一本你喜歡的書時，你可能會看它的出版商。這個名字是一個信號，表明他們將生產(chǎn)符合相同風(fēng)格的其他內(nèi)容。)”以及第三段“Thestrengthoftheauthorthemselvescanalsoplayintothat.Afterall,welllikedauthorsareoftensignedtoabookdealwithaselectfewpublishers,strengtheningthebrandfurther.(作者自身的實(shí)力也會發(fā)揮作用。畢竟，受歡迎的作家通常會與少數(shù)幾家選定的出版商簽訂出書協(xié)議，從而進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化其品牌。)”以及第四段“Ofcourse,apublisherwouldbenothingwithoutitslogo,whichisamajorcalltoarmsforallfansofthebrand..(當(dāng)然，如果沒有自己的logo，發(fā)行商就什么都不是，而這正是所有品牌粉絲的主要訴求。)”可知出版商推廣其品牌的策略是保持一貫的出版風(fēng)格、與知名作家簽約并設(shè)計(jì)有特色的商標(biāo)，文章沒有提到給回頭客提供折扣的策略，所以C項(xiàng)Offeringdiscountstorepeatcustomers.(給回頭客提供折扣。)不是出版商為了推廣其品牌所采取的策略。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.ExpertCassandraDavis,however,providesahopefulinsight.“Indiebookshopsaremorelikelytostockanindiepublisher’sbooks,especiallyiftheauthorislocaltothebookshop.”Shesays.Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchangethesetrends.(獨(dú)立圖書公司可能會有一席之地，偶爾會有一些故事脫穎而出，引起人們的注意。事實(shí)上，這種情況比你想象的要少得多。然而，專家卡桑德拉·戴維斯提供了一個充滿希望的見解。“獨(dú)立書店更有可能出售獨(dú)立出版商的書，尤其是如果作者是本地人?！彼f。因此，支持當(dāng)?shù)貢晔潜３知?dú)立出版業(yè)活力和改變這些趨勢的重要途徑。)”可知在作者看來獨(dú)立圖書公司占有一席之地的機(jī)率是非常小的，但是作者又指出專家卡桑德拉?戴維斯提出支持當(dāng)?shù)貢昕梢员３知?dú)立出版業(yè)活力并改變這些趨勢，由此可以推知作者對于獨(dú)立出版商的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.(獨(dú)立圖書公司可能會有一席之地，偶爾會有一些故事脫穎而出，引起人們的注意。事實(shí)上，這種情況比你想象的要少得多。)”以及劃線詞之前“Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchange(因此，支持當(dāng)?shù)貢晔潜３知?dú)立出版業(yè)活力和改變的重要途徑。)”可知獨(dú)立圖書公司在與主要出版商的競爭中很難有脫穎而出的機(jī)會，但是支持當(dāng)?shù)貢陝t可以讓獨(dú)立出版業(yè)保持活力并有機(jī)會脫穎而出，即改變主要出版商占統(tǒng)治地位的局面，所以此處劃線詞thesetrends指的是主要出版商的統(tǒng)治地位。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段“Someofthebiggestsellingnovelsofalltimejustsohappenedtobeattachedtomajorpublishers.Indeed,anyreadingloverwillbefamiliarwiththecountlesspublishinghousesthathavebroughtbrilliantworkstothemarket.Sointheory,perhapsapublisherdoesmatter.(一些有史以來最暢銷的小說恰好是由大出版商出版的。的確，任何一個愛讀書的人都不陌生，無數(shù)的出版社為市場帶來了精彩的作品。所以從理論上講，也許出版商確實(shí)很重要。)”提出出版商確實(shí)很重要的話題，文章第二、三以及四段分別從保持一貫的出版風(fēng)格、與知名作家簽約并設(shè)計(jì)有特色的商標(biāo)三個方面來說明出版商推廣其品牌的策略，文章最后一段指出獨(dú)立出版商在與主要出版商在市場競爭方面所面臨的困難，同時又為其指明了出路，縱觀全文，文章主要是在圍繞著出版商會影響我們的閱讀選擇及其原因來展開，所以B項(xiàng)DoPublishersInfluenceOurReadingChoices?(出版商會影響我們的閱讀選擇嗎？)作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B項(xiàng)。DHumansactwithpurpose,butmuchisstillunknownabouthowwebeepurposefulagents—thatis,howwedeveloptheabilitytowillfullymakethingshappen.Inarecentstudytoexploreagency’smysteriousroots,wetriedtocatchinfants(嬰兒)intheactofdiscoveringtheirownagency,therebyrevealingtheprocessofagencyformation.Researchersplaceababyintoacradlewithamobilesuspendedabove.Thenascientisttiesoneendofastringtothemobileandtheothertotheinfant’sfoot.Nowifthebabymoves,thetoywill,too.Byobservingbabiesinthissetup,scientistscanwatchastheinfantslearnandrecallasimplecauseandeffectinteraction:kickafootandthemobilemoves.Aspredictedbytheresearchers,infantskickedsignificantlymorewhentheirfootwastethered(拴住)tothemobilethanwhenitwasnot.However,whenanexperimenterpulledthestringtomakethemobilemoveinstead,infantsmovedlessthanwhenthemobilewasatrest.Furthermore,whenwefreedthebabies’footfromthemobile,theykeptonkickingathigherratetomakethetoyrespond—andwerevisiblyfrustratedwhenthatdidnothappen.Ourobservationsalsopointedtoanotablepattern:Thebabies’initialmovementsconsistedoftwistingandpushingwithoutcleardirection.Butoncetetheredtothemobile,themoreintenselytheymoved,themoretheirattentionwasdrawntotheeffecttheirkickinghadonit.Atsomepoint,theinfantsmusthavefiguredoutthattheyhadagency,thustheaimlessmovementsbecameintentionalaction—ahighlycoordinatedexchangebetweenthetetheredinfantandthemobile.Thebabymobilestudyemphasizeshowunderstandingtherelationshipbetweenanorganismanditsenvironmentisessentialtouncoveringtheoriginsofdirectedbehavior.Theexperienceofagencyemergesonlywhenanorganismsensesitiscoupledtoitsenvironment.Inthiswayofthinking,theinteractionandrelationshipbetweenthetwoarecrucialforpurposetoarise.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutagencyaccordingtothetext?A.Itisaninbornabilitywithoutlearning. B.Itembodiesinbabiesthemostevidently.C.Itexistsinallaspectsofourdailylife. D.Itisaresonancewithoursurroundings.13.Howdidtheresearchersmaketheexperimentconvincing?A.Bypredictingmultiplepossibleresults. B.Bytrackingbabies’behaviourprecisely.C.Bysettingupparativeexperiments. D.Bybuildingproperinterpretationmodel.14.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Analysisofexperimentalphenomena. B.Supplementtoexperimentaldetails.C.Explanationofexperimentaldesign. D.Summaryofexperimentaloutes.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Touncovertheprocessofagencyformation.B.Toreportacuttingedgediscoveryaboutagency.C.Toguidepeopleonhowtotakeadvantageofagency.DToclarifytheimportanceofenvironmenttocreatures.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于嬰兒如何獲得代理權(quán)的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及研究過程。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theexperienceofagencyemergesonlywhenanorganismsensesitiscoupledtoitsenvironment.Inthiswayofthinking,theinteractionandrelationshipbetweenthetwoarecrucialforpurposetoarise.(只有當(dāng)有機(jī)體感覺到它與環(huán)境相結(jié)合時，代理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)才會出現(xiàn)。在這種思維方式中，兩者之間的相互作用和關(guān)系對于目的的產(chǎn)生至關(guān)重要)”可知，代理權(quán)是我們與周圍環(huán)境的共鳴。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersplaceababyintoacradlewithamobilesuspendedabove.Thenascientisttiesoneendofastringtothemobileandtheothertotheinfant’sfoot.(研究人員把一個嬰兒放進(jìn)一個搖籃里，上面懸掛著一個。然后，科學(xué)家將繩子的一端系在上，另一端系在嬰兒的腳上)”可知，研究人員通過設(shè)置對比實(shí)驗(yàn)使實(shí)驗(yàn)具有說服力。故選C?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段段首句“Ourobservationsalsopointedtoanotablepattern:Thebabies’initialmovementsconsistedoftwistingandpushingwithoutcleardirection.(我們的觀察還指出了一個值得注意的模式：嬰兒最初的動作包括扭曲和推，沒有明確的方向。)”和后文描述可知，本段主要對實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A切題。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inarecentstudytoexploreagency’smysteriousroots,wetriedtocatchinfants(嬰兒)intheactofdiscoveringtheirownagency,therebyrevealingtheprocessofagencyformation.(在最近一項(xiàng)探索代理神秘根源的研究中，我們試圖抓住嬰兒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的代理權(quán)的過程，從而揭示代理權(quán)形成的過程)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于嬰兒如何獲得代理權(quán)的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及研究過程?？芍?，文章的主要目的是報道關(guān)于代理的前沿發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallknowsomeonewhoholdscourtwherevertheyfindthemselveswithamusingstories.Fortherestofus,conversationcanbetrickier.OureditoraskedCatherineBlyth,theauthorofTheArtofConversationforhertipsonhowtoshine—andnotgetcancelled—atyournextsmalltalk.Considerwhatyouwantfromaconversation___16___.Infact,aconversationisusuallyawaytogetsomethingwewant,whetherthat’stomakingafriend,ortoaskingsomeoneonadate.Knowingwhatyouwantwillkeepthingsflowing.“Atleast,whatyoucangetfromaconversationisaninterestingadventurewithanothermind.___17___.”saysBlyth.Guidetheotherpersontohelpyou“There’snothingmoreflattering(受寵若驚)thanfeelinglikethatyou’vehelpedsomeone,”Blythsays.Shesuggestsfindingawaytomaketheotherpersonusefultoyou.“___18___,thatallowsyoutorevealabitofyourselfwhileinvitingthemtohelp,whichisagreatwaytogetconversationstarted.”ListenattentivelyandpurposefullyAreyoulisteningtounderstand,orlisteningtorespond?That’saperfectquestionawouldbeconversationalistshouldaskthemselves.“Agoodlistenerindicateswhatintereststhem.___19___.IfI’mconversingwithsomeonewhomakesitallaboutthemselves,I’llgentlypointthatI’mnotinterestedandshiftustowardsothertopics.”saysBlyth.Keepyourphoneoutofsightandoutofmind“Ifyou’rechattingwithsomeonewithyourphonenexttoyou,whatyou’resayingis‘you’reonlyasimportantasmynextnotification’,”saysBlyth.“Whateveryoudoonascreenisn’taconversation.Problemsarisesfromparingrealconversationtotextmessaging.___20___.Weneedtogiveeachothersomegrace.”A.SeeingtheworldthroughtheeyesofothersisarewarditselfB.Peoplefeelbadaboutconversationbecausetheythinkit’saperformanceC.Yourresponsesshouldshowwhichtopicsareinterestingandwhicharen’tD.Thebestmindsetyoubringtosmalltalkistheideathatit’satreasurehuntE.Adirectpraiseisgood,butifit’ssomethinglike‘Ilovethatcoat,wheredidyoubuyit?’F.Inarealconversation,youcan’tlookthingsup,thinkabouthowtophraseyourthoughtsG.Youhavetoconstantlybelisteningwithyourears,yourmind,andbeconsciousofdoingso【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，TheArtofConversation一書的作者CatherineBlyth針對談話提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】下文“Infact,aconversationisusuallyawaytogetsomethingwewant,whetherthat’stomakingafriend,ortoaskingsomeoneonadate.(事實(shí)上，談話通常是得到我們想要的東西的一種方式，無論是交朋友，還是邀請某人約會。)”提到談話通常是得到我們想要的東西的一種方式，結(jié)合infact可知，前文與此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“人們覺得談話很糟糕，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這是一種表演”符合語境，前后文形成對比，故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Atleast,whatyoucangetfromaconversationisaninterestingadventurewithanothermind.(至少，你能從談話中得到的是與另一個人的一次有趣的冒險。)”提到你能從談話中得到的是與另一個人的一次有趣的冒險，是描述從談話中得到的好處，A項(xiàng)“從別人的角度看世界本身就是一種獎勵”承接上文，符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】上文“Shesuggestsfindingawaytomaketheotherpersonusefultoyou.(她建議想辦法讓對方對你有用。)”提到Blyth建議想辦法讓對方對你有用，下文“thatallowsyoutorevealabitofyourselfwhileinvitingthemtohelp,whichisagreatwaytogetconversationstarted.(這可以讓你在邀請他們幫忙的同時展示自己，這是開始對話的好方法。)”提到某種方法的好處，故空處應(yīng)是提及一種具體的方法，E項(xiàng)“直接表揚(yáng)是好的，但如果是‘我喜歡這件外套，你在哪里買的？’”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】上文“Agoodlistenerindicateswhatintereststhem.(一個好的傾聽者表明他們感興趣的是什么。)”提到一個好的傾聽者表明他們感興趣的是什么，C項(xiàng)“你的回答應(yīng)該顯示出哪些話題是有趣的，哪些不是”承接上文，講述傾聽者如何表明是否感興趣，符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Whateveryoudoonascreenisn’taconversation.Problemsarisesfromparingrealconversationtotextmessaging.(你在屏幕上做的任何事情都不是對話。將真實(shí)對話與短信進(jìn)行比較會產(chǎn)生問題。)”提到，真實(shí)對話與短信不同，將兩者進(jìn)行比較會產(chǎn)生問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“在真實(shí)的對話中，你不能查資料，思考如何表達(dá)你的想法”進(jìn)一步闡述兩者的不同之處，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。JuleusGhuntaisanawardwinningchildren’sauthor,butgrowingup,hecouldbarely___21___.Raisedbyasinglemother,whooftenhadtomake___22___choicesabouthowtousetheirlimitedresources－includingadecisiontosendhisoldestsistertoschool,hehadbeenkepthomeandhadno___23___tobooksasachild.WhenGhuntafinallygottheopportunitytoattendschool,hecouldn’t___24___words,spell,orreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofteacherswhomadehimfeel___25___.“Theywerenotverypatient,notverykind,”hesaid,“Isufferedfromadeepsenseoflossandshame.”Fortunately,ayoungteacherdecidedtostartareadingprogramfor___26___students.Ghuntawasthefirsttosignup.“Theteacherwas___27___kindtome.”hesaid,“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,andadeeperappreciationofmyvalueasahumanbeing.”Underherpatient___28___,Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved,andhissenseofinadequacy(不足)beganto___29___.Afterinteractingwiththeyoungteacher,Ghunta’slifetookanew___30___.Hegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanumberofacademicawards,andwentontocollegesuccessfully.Nowadays,heistheauthoroftwochildren’sbooksabout___31___difficultexperiencesinchildhood.In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohisoldschoolto___32___hisoldteacher’sname,butinvain.However,hestillhopesto___33___heroneday,sothathecanthankherforseeinghis___34___.“Iwouldloveforhertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthis___35___ofher－thehope,thelight,withme－andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”21.A.speak B.read C.write D.learn22.A.balanced B.financial C.tough D.hesitant23.A.interest B.relation C.attention D.exposure24.A.makeout B.pickup C.dealwith D.takein25.A.powerless B.restless C.worthless D.aimless26.A.struggling B.humble C.incapable D.isolated27.A.apparently B.incredibly C.naturally D.sincerely28.A.influence B.pany C.devotion D.guidance29.A.lift B.wave C.blow D.move30.A.platform B.setting C.direction D.channel31.A.preventing B.surviving C.overing D.cherishing32.A.record B.recall C.identify D.inquire33.A.seek B.find C.meet D.call34.A.demand B.effort C.dignity D.potential35.A.emotion B.memory C.blessing D.legacy【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.C32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文通過敘述JuleusGhunta的成長經(jīng)歷，特別是他從幾乎無法閱讀到成為兒童書籍作者和獲獎詩人的轉(zhuǎn)變過程，展現(xiàn)了個人奮斗和一位年輕教師對他成長的影響。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：朱利葉斯·古塔是一位獲獎兒童作家，但在成長過程中，他幾乎不識字。A.speak說話；B.read閱讀；C.write寫；D.learn學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy”可知，指他在成長過程中無法閱讀，不識字。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他由單身母親撫養(yǎng)長大，母親經(jīng)常不得不在如何利用有限的資源上做出艱難的選擇——包括決定把他的大姐送去上學(xué)，他小時候一直呆在家里，沒有接觸過書籍。A.balanced平衡的；B.financial經(jīng)濟(jì)的；C.tough艱難的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)后文“adecisiontosendhisoldestsistertoschool,hehadbeenkepthome”指母親在孩子教育問題上做出艱難的選擇。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他由單身母親撫養(yǎng)長大，母親經(jīng)常不得不在如何利用有限的資源上做出艱難的選擇——包括決定把他的大姐送去上學(xué)，他小時候一直呆在家里，沒有接觸過書籍。A.interest興趣；B.relation關(guān)系；C.attention注意力；D.exposure接觸。根據(jù)上文“hehadbeenkepthomeandhadno”可知，他小時候一直呆在家里，沒有接觸過書籍。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ghunta終于有機(jī)會上學(xué)時，他不能理解單詞、拼寫或閱讀。A.makeout辨認(rèn)，理解；B.pickup撿起；C.dealwith處理；D.takein吸收。根據(jù)后文“words,spell,orreadwithunderstanding”以及上文提到他沒有接觸過書籍，所以不能理解單詞、拼寫或閱讀。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一連串的老師讓他覺得自己一無是處，這讓情況變得更糟。A.powerless無力的；B.restless不安的；C.worthless無價值的；D.aimless無目標(biāo)的。根據(jù)后文““Theywerenotverypatient,notverykind,”hesaid,“Isufferedfromadeepsenseoflossandshame.”(“他們不是很有耐心，也不是很友善，”他說，“我感到深深的失落和羞愧?！?”可知，他因?yàn)槔蠋煻械揭粺o是處。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一位年輕的老師決定為學(xué)習(xí)困難的學(xué)生開辦一個閱讀項(xiàng)目。A.struggling掙扎的；B.humble謙虛的；C.incapable無能力的；D.isolated隔絕的。根據(jù)上文“Fortunately,ayoungteacherdecidedtostartareadingprogramfor”以及Ghunta當(dāng)時感到不安的情況，可知項(xiàng)目主要針對在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)困難、掙扎的學(xué)生。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“老師對我非常好。他說，“她給我留下了識字的禮物，讓我對自己作為一個人的價值有了更深的認(rèn)識?！盇.apparently顯然；B.incredibly難以置信地，非常；C.naturally自然地；D.sincerely真誠地。根據(jù)后文“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,andadeeperappreciationofmyvalueasahumanbeing(她給我留下了識字的禮物，讓我對自己作為一個人的價值有了更深的認(rèn)識)”可知，老師對他非常好。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她耐心的指導(dǎo)下，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開始減輕。A.influence影響；B.pany公司；C.devotion奉獻(xiàn)；D.guidance指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved”指老師的指導(dǎo)讓他閱讀能力逐漸提高，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她耐心的指導(dǎo)下，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開始消散。A.lift消散；B.wave揮舞；C.blow吹；D.move移動。根據(jù)上文“Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved,andhissenseofinadequacybeganto”可知，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開始消散。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在與這位年輕的老師交流之后，Ghunta的生活有了新的方向。A.platform平臺；B.setting設(shè)置；C.direction方向；D.channe