2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省廣州市花都區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷

第1頁（共1頁）2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省廣州市花都區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷一、語言知識及運用（共三節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)語音知識（5小題，重讀和語調(diào)每小題5分，意群1分，共5分）請默讀以下小語篇，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)：1．（5分）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中劃線單詞invention和candles標記重音。；（2）分別用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末標記升降調(diào)（語調(diào)）。；（3）用"/"把標下劃線的句子劃分成三個意群。第二節(jié)語法選擇（滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。2．（10分）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）persontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）thejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）withoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）alongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）minuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）badwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）peopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤獨的）.Shehad（8）smallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）tokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）youfacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless第三節(jié)完形填空（滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從16-25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。3．（10分）IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain.Shewouldstaythereasa/an（1）studentforoneyear.Atfirst，Mariafelt（2）bythenewenvironmentandtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage.Butherteachersandclassmateswere（3）.Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties.Asmonthswentby，Mariagoteasier.She（4）aroundParisandlearntalotmoreaboutFrance.Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver.She（5）thebeautyofthecityalot.Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave.Shefeltalittlebit（6）.Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome.Shewasthankfulforthemeaningful（7）andvaluablefriendshipshehasgot.Afterafewyears，Maria（8）Parisasasuccessfulbusinesswoman.She（9）metsomeofherformerclassmatesandteachers.Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue.Shewasthankfulforthe（10）oftheeducationalexchange.（1）A.BritishB.FrenchC.exchangeD.homestay（2）A.worriedB.sillyC.comfortableD.confident（3）A.happyB.wonderfulC.interestingD.helpful（4）A.touredB.rodeC.droveD.flew（5）A.introducedB.enjoyedC.rememberedD.improved（6）A.angryB.sadC.amazedD.glad（7）A.challengesB.skillsC.experiencesD.classes（8）A.introducedtoB.walkedaroundC.livedinD.returnedto（9）A.hardlyB.speciallyC.luckilyD.quietly（10）A.developmentB.powerC.methodD.secret二、閱讀（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共11小題；每小題2分，滿分22分）閱讀下面短文，從26-36各題所給的A、B、C和D選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。4．（8分）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史記》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？A.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？a.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？A.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？A.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.5．（8分）Asawayofpassingonknowledge，ideasandcreativity，bookshaveplayedanimportantpartinhumancivilization（文明）.Inancienttimes，therewerenobooks，andpeoplepassedontheirknowledgebytellingstories.TheearliestformsofthebookweremadeinEgyptaround3，000BC.Theseearlyscrolls（卷軸），madefromanimalskins，wereusedtorecordstories，lawsandhistory.Later，peoplelearnedhowtowriteandmakepaper.Theywroteeachwordbyhand.Ittookalongtimetowritejustonebook，makingthemrareandexpensive.Inthe15thcentury，theinventionoftheprintingpressappearedandchangedthebook﹣makingbusinessandeventheworld.Thismadeitpossibletoprintbooksquickly.Evencommonpeoplecouldbuyandreadbooks.Inthe20thcentury，computersandtheInternetchangedtheworldagain.Anewkindofbookappeared：theelectronicbook（e﹣book）.E﹣bookshaveopenedupanewworldforbooks.Theyarequicklychangingpeople'sreadinghabits.Itiseasierforpeopletobuyandsellbooksonlineandcarrythewholelibraryintheirpockets.Therefore，informationtravelsfasterandfarther.Inaword，thehistoryofthebookshowsthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.Fromancientscrollstoe﹣books，thebookhaschangedtomeettheneedsofhumans.Inthefuture，itispossiblethatbookswillcontinuetochange.Now，peoplehavemanywaystoreadbooks.But，moreimportantly，peopleshouldkeeponreading!（1）Beforebooksappeared，howdidpeoplepassontheirknowledge？A.Bydancing.B.Bysinging.C.Throughstorytelling.D.Throughscrolls.（2）Whywerebooksexpensiveintheearlydaysofpaperinvention？A.Becausebooksweremadefromexpensiveanimalskins.B.Becausewritingonebookbyhandneededalotoftime.C.Becausethepaperwasexpensiveatthebeginning.D.Becausepeoplewerebusyinventingtheprintingpress.（3）Whatchangehavee﹣booksbroughttohumansaccordingtothepassage？A.Peoplecanreadbooksconvenientlyanytimefortheirsmallsizes.B.E﹣bookshavemadeitdifficulttobuyandsellpaperbooksonline.C.People'sreadinghabitshavebecomefasterbutlessenjoyable.D.E﹣bookscannotprovidethesamereadingexperienceaspaperbooks.（4）Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph？A.Booksshowthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.B.Peoplewillhavemanydifferentwaystoreadbooks.C.Bookswillcontinuetochangetomeettheneedsofhumans.D.Peopleshouldkeepreadingevenifbookskeepchanging.6．（6分）The2024Exeter（?？巳兀㏒ummerEducationProgramDoyoudreamofstudyinginanothercountry？Doyoulovetomakefriendsandstudywithstudentsfromaroundtheworld？Ifso，the2024ExeterSummerEducationProgramisperfectforyou!Dates：July6﹣August8，2024Age：Betweentheagesof13and18yearsoldonSeptember1，2024.Fee：＄75USDLanguage：AllstudentsmusthaveahighlevelofEnglishtoattendtheprogram.ImportantNotes：●Allapplicantsmustwriteaone﹣to﹣two﹣pagearticleincludingthefollowing.First，tellyourinterestsandabilitiesalongwithanyotherbackgroundinformationyouwishtosharewithus.Second，shareameaningfulpersonalexperiencewhichhasinfluencedyou，yourlifeoryourgoals.Third，showyourreasonsforwantingtoattendExeterSummer.●Allapplicantsmusthaveareference（推薦信）fromtheirheadteacher.TheheadteacherwillreceiveanemailwithanExeterSummerReferenceForm.Yourheadteachermustcompletetheformthroughtheonlineformsystem.●Studytheprogramcoursecatalogs（目錄）.The2024catalogswillbeonlineinlateJanuarythisyear.●The2024application（申請）willbeginintheearlyFebruaryof2024.Ifyouareinterested，welcometoapply!（1）Whocanapplyforthe2024ExeterSummerEducationProgram？A.TombornonJuly1，2005whocanspeakquitegoodEnglish.B.LilybornonSept.1，2008whocancommunicatewellinEnglish.C.HarrybornonMarch1，2011whocanonlyspeakMandarin.D.AmybornonOctober1，2012whocanspeakEnglishandFrench.（2）Whatshouldnotbeincludedintheapplicant'sarticle？A.Whattheylikeandwhattheyaregoodat.B.Whatimportantexperiencetheyhavehad.C.Whytheyareapplyingfortheprogram.D.Howtheycompletetheapplicantforms.（3）Whatshouldyoukeepinmindifyouwanttoapplyfortheprogram？A.Youshouldspend＄85astheprogramfee.B.Youshouldcheckthecoursecatalogsonline.C.Youmustgetareferencefromyourfriend..D.YoucanapplyfortheprograminlateJanuary.第二節(jié)閱讀填空（滿分5分）閱讀短文內(nèi)容及文后A-E選項，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。7．（5分）Docomputersstopusfromlearninganddeveloping？Dotheymakeusstupid？ArecentstudyatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorklookedatthisquestion，inparticularhowcomputerschangeourmemory.（1）First，thescientistsdidstudyonwhathappenswhenpeopleareaskeddifficultquestions.TheyfoundthatwhatwethinkhaschangedwhenweheardifficultquestionsbecauseofwebsiteslikeGoogle.Whenpeoplewereaskeddifficultquestionsinthepast，scientistsbelievetheytriedtothinkoftheanswerstothequestions.（2）Theydon'ttrytoansweritthemselves.Forexample，theythinkaboutwhattheymightputintoGoogle，butinthepasttheythoughtaboutthequestionitself.Second，scientistsfoundthatcomputershavechangedthetypeofinformationweremember.（3）Ononehand，itseemsthatpeoplenowforgetfacts.Ontheotherhand，itistruethattheycanclearlyrememberwheretofindthefact.（4）Mostofthestudentscouldn'trememberthefacts，buttheywereabletorememberthefilesandthewherethefactsis.（5）Scientistsbelievethatwearespendingtimerememberingwhereandhowwecanfindthings，butwe'renottryingtoremembertheinformationitselfanymore.A.Thischangecanbebothgoodandbad.B.Theywantedtofindoutifcomputershavechangedthewaywerememberinformation.C.Soitseemsthatcomputersarenotmakingusstupid，buttheyaremakinguslazy!D.However，becauseofmoderntechnology，thefirstthingpeoplethinkaboutnowishowtofindtheanswer.E.Inonetest，scientiststolduniversitystudentssomefactsandalsowherethefactsweresavedinafile.三、寫作（共四節(jié)，滿分38分）第一節(jié)語篇填詞（滿分5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。8．（5分）Alongtimeago，therewasakinginIndia.Theking'sfavouritegamewaschess.Oneday，a（1）woldmancametothepalaceandthekingchallengedhimtoagame.Theking（2）ptheoldman，"Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame."Theoldmansaid，"IfIwinthegame，I'dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard，twoforthesecond，fourforthethird，andthendoublethe（3）aforeachoftherestofthesquares."Isthatall？"askedtheking."Wouldn'tyoulikegoldorsilver（4）i？""No，justrice，"repliedtheoldman.Thekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.Finallytheoldmanwon.Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare，twoonthesecond，andsoon.Thekingquickly（5）rtheproblem—evenwithallthericeinthecountry，hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!第二節(jié)閱讀短文，用完整的句子回答問題（滿分8分）9．（8分）ThethirdlargestcountryintheworldChinaisthethirdlargestcountryintheworld.Inthenorth﹣west，youcanfindthehottestanddriestplacesinthecountry.Inthewest，thecountrysideisbeautiful，andthemountainsarehigh.Someofthemountainsaremorethan7000metreshigh.Theyarecoveredwithiceandsnowallyearround，sopeoplecannotlivethere.Qomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.Itisalsointhewest.Everyyearpeoplefromallovertheworldtryandclimbit.SomeofChina'smostimportantriversbegininthesemountains.Inthewest，theyareverysmall.Thentheybecomebiggerastheyflowtotheeast.RiversliketheChangjiangRiverandtheYellowRiverbegininthewestofChina.Insomeplaces，theriversareconnectedtobiglakes，likeDongtingLakeinHunanProvince.Mostoftheriversruntotheeastandthesouth.Intime，theyrunintooneofChina'sseas—theYellowSea，theEastChinaSeaortheSouthChinaSea.（1）IsChinathelargestcountryintheworld？.（2）Whycan'tpeopleliveonthehighmountainsinthewest？.（3）WheredotheChangjiangRiverandtheYellowRiverbegin？.（4）WhataresomeoftheriversinChinaconnectedto？.第三節(jié)完成句子（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容，用英語完成下列句子。（每空限填一詞）10．（2分）Marry喜歡寫作而且希望能寫得像她的偶像莫言一樣好。MarryloveswritingandhopestowriteheridolMoYan.11．（2分）Marry期待贏得征文比賽的獎項。Marryalsowinningawardsinwritingcompetitions.12．（2分）但是她從未參加過任何一次征文比賽。Butsheneveranyessaycompetitionyet.13．（2分）她的老師認為她最好勇敢地去嘗試一下。Herteacherthinkssheatrybravely.14．（2分）最后，Marry贏得了學(xué)校征文比賽一等獎。，Marrywonthefirstprizeintheschool'sessaycompetition.第四節(jié)書面表達（共1小題，滿分15分）15．（15分）假如你是李華，你所在的國際學(xué)校正在舉行"多彩校園生活"的征文活動。你的英語老師特邀請你寫一篇英文短文投稿，介紹學(xué)校的各種校園活動并表達你的感受，需包含以下內(nèi)容：要求：（1）請根據(jù)寫作要求，適當(dāng)進行拓展和表達感受。（2）詞數(shù)80字左右（文章的開頭已給出，不計入詞數(shù)）。（3）不得透露學(xué)校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分。提示詞：講座lectureColorfulLifeatOurSchoolOurschoollifeisreallyinterestingandattractive._______

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省廣州市花都區(qū)八年級（上）期末英語試卷參考答案與試題解析一、語言知識及運用（共三節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)語音知識（5小題，重讀和語調(diào)每小題5分，意群1分，共5分）請默讀以下小語篇，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)：1．（5分）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中劃線單詞invention和candles標記重音。in'vention；'candles（2）分別用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末標記升降調(diào)（語調(diào)）?！?；↑（3）用"/"把標下劃線的句子劃分成三個意群。peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime.【分析】在燈泡發(fā)明之前，人們晚上必須使用油燈、煤氣燈或蠟燭觀看。有了燈泡，人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。你能想象沒有它們的生活嗎？【解答】（1）根據(jù)invention/?n?ven?n/，"發(fā)明"，可知該單詞的重音在第二個音節(jié)。故答案為in'vention；根據(jù)candles/?k?ndlz/，"蠟燭"，可知該單詞的重音在第一個音節(jié)。故答案為'candles（2）根據(jù)Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（有了燈泡，人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。）可知，這是一個陳述句，句子應(yīng)該使用降調(diào)。故答案為↓；根據(jù)Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（你能想象沒有它們的生活嗎？）。）可知，這是一個疑問句，句子應(yīng)該使用升調(diào)。故答案為↑。（3）根據(jù)句意和語境peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。）可知，本句意群可以分為：peoplecando（人們可以做）；asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan（晚上盡可能多的事情）inthedaytime（白天）。故答案為peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime。第二節(jié)語法選擇（滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。2．（10分）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）Cpersontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）Bthejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）Awithoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）CalongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）Aminuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）Dbadwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）Bpeopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤獨的）.Shehad（8）Bsmallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）Ctokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）Dyoufacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless【分析】2005年2月8日，艾倫?麥克阿瑟環(huán)游世界后抵達英格蘭。她是第一個獨自環(huán)游世界的人。她花了71天14小時18分鐘35秒完成了這段旅程。為了縮短旅程時間，她在沒有?？筷懙氐那闆r下繼續(xù)航行。當(dāng)她完成了驚人的旅程時，大約有8000人在港口等待向她表示祝賀。她在2004年11月28日離開英格蘭，環(huán)游了大約43000公里才回到家。在開始漫長的旅程之前，艾倫?麥克阿瑟說："我花了很長時間準備我的身體和心靈。"在旅程中，她每次只讓自己睡幾分鐘，因為她必須確保船只沒有發(fā)生任何問題。她沒有其他人可以交談，所以這71天一定非常孤獨。她只有一個小爐灶來加熱冷餐。她不得不航行以保持安全。她不時面臨危險的風(fēng)暴，但她從未想過放棄。艾倫現(xiàn)在在世界各地都很有名。她的故事告訴我們，只要勇敢面對挑戰(zhàn)，永不放棄，就可能取得成功?！窘獯稹浚?）考查形容詞最高級。句意：她是獨自環(huán)球航行的最勇敢的人。A.勇敢的，形容詞原級；B.更勇敢的，形容詞比較級；C.最勇敢的，形容詞最高級；D.最勇敢的，形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意可知，是最勇敢的人，所以應(yīng)填形容詞最高級，最高級前也加the。故選C。（2）考查不定式。句意：她用了71天14小時18分35秒完成了這段旅程。A.完成，動詞原形；B.完成，不定式；C.完成，動名詞；D.完成，過去式。takesbsometimetodosth"花費某人一些時間做某事"，固定短語，所以應(yīng)填不定式tofinish。故選B。（3）考查動名詞。句意：為了縮短旅程，她繼續(xù)前進，沒有在陸地上停留。A.前進，動名詞；B.前進，動詞原形；C.前進，過去式；D.前進，不定式。keepdoingsth"繼續(xù)做某事"，固定短語，所以此處填動名詞going。故選A。（4）考查動詞。句意：自從我決定做這件事以來，我已經(jīng)花了很長時間在身體和心理上為它做準備。A.花費，動詞原形；B.花費，第三人稱單數(shù)；C.花費，現(xiàn)在完成時；D.花費，過去式。根據(jù)sinceIdecidedtodoit（自從我決定做這件事以來）可知，該句為現(xiàn)在完成時，have/has+動詞過去分詞。主語是I，所以助動詞用have，spend的過去分詞是spent。故選C。（5）考查短語。句意：旅途中，她每次只讓自己睡幾分鐘。A.一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；B.幾乎沒有，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；C.一點，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；D.幾乎沒有，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，是睡幾分鐘，結(jié)合空后的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)minutes可知，此處應(yīng)填afew。故選A。（6）考查代詞。句意：那是因為她必須確保船上沒有任何不好的事情發(fā)生。A.某事情；B.一切；C.任何事情；D.沒什么。根據(jù)句意可知，是確保船上沒有任何不好的事情發(fā)生。故選D。（7）考查形容詞。句意：因為她沒有其他人可以說話，這71天一定很孤獨。A.三者或三者以上中的另一個；B.其他的，后跟名詞；C.兩者中的另一個；D.其他的（人或物）。根據(jù)空后的people可知，為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)填形容詞other。故選B。（8）考查冠詞。句意：她有一個小炊具來加熱冷餐。A.特指；B.不定冠詞，用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；C.不定冠詞，用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前；D.零冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示泛指，且small是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，所以應(yīng)填不定冠詞a。故選B。（9）考查副詞。句意：她必須小心航行以確保安全。A.小心的，形容詞；B.粗心的；C.小心地，副詞；D.關(guān)心，動詞?？崭裉幵诰渲行揎梽釉~sail，所以應(yīng)填副詞。故選C。（10）考查連詞。句意：她的故事告訴我們，除非你勇敢地面對挑戰(zhàn)，永不放棄，否則你可能不會成功。A.在之后；B.當(dāng)?shù)臅r候；C.如果；D.除非。根據(jù)句意可知，是除非你勇敢地面對挑戰(zhàn)，永不放棄，否則你可能不會成功。故選D。第三節(jié)完形填空（滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從16-25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。3．（10分）IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain.Shewouldstaythereasa/an（1）Cstudentforoneyear.Atfirst，Mariafelt（2）AbythenewenvironmentandtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage.Butherteachersandclassmateswere（3）D.Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties.Asmonthswentby，Mariagoteasier.She（4）AaroundParisandlearntalotmoreaboutFrance.Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver.She（5）Bthebeautyofthecityalot.Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave.Shefeltalittlebit（6）B.Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome.Shewasthankfulforthemeaningful（7）Candvaluablefriendshipshehasgot.Afterafewyears，Maria（8）DParisasasuccessfulbusinesswoman.She（9）Cmetsomeofherformerclassmatesandteachers.Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue.Shewasthankfulforthe（10）Aoftheeducationalexchange.（1）A.BritishB.FrenchC.exchangeD.homestay（2）A.worriedB.sillyC.comfortableD.confident（3）A.happyB.wonderfulC.interestingD.helpful（4）A.touredB.rodeC.droveD.flew（5）A.introducedB.enjoyedC.rememberedD.improved（6）A.angryB.sadC.amazedD.glad（7）A.challengesB.skillsC.experiencesD.classes（8）A.introducedtoB.walkedaroundC.livedinD.returnedto（9）A.hardlyB.speciallyC.luckilyD.quietly（10）A.developmentB.powerC.methodD.secret【分析】這篇短文主要講述了一個來自英國的年輕女孩瑪麗亞在巴黎的一所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷。一開始，瑪麗亞對新環(huán)境感到不適應(yīng)，但在老師和同學(xué)的幫助下，她逐漸適應(yīng)了法國的文化和語言，并開始享受巴黎的美麗。一年后，瑪麗亞離開巴黎，感到有些傷感，但她感激這段有意義的留學(xué)經(jīng)歷和寶貴的友誼。幾年后，瑪麗亞成為一名成功的商業(yè)女性，她感謝教育交流的機會，因為這不僅拓寬了她的視野，豐富了她的生活，還幫助她更好地理解不同的文化，并鼓勵她實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。【解答】（1）考查名詞。句意：她將作為交換生在那里待一年。A.英國；B.法國；C.交換；D.寄宿家庭。根據(jù)IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain（在巴黎市中心，一所學(xué)校歡迎來自世界各地的學(xué)生。一天，一個叫瑪麗亞的年輕女孩從英國來到這里）可知，她將作為交換生在那里待一年。故選C。（2）考查形容詞。句意：起初，瑪麗亞對新環(huán)境感到擔(dān)憂，并試圖適應(yīng)法國的文化和語言。A.擔(dān)心的；B.愚蠢的；C.舒適的；D.自信的。根據(jù)andtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage（并試圖適應(yīng)法國的文化和語言）可知，起初，瑪麗亞對新環(huán)境感到擔(dān)憂。故選A。（3）考查形容詞。句意：但她的老師和同學(xué)都樂于助人。A.快樂的；B.精彩的；C.有趣的；D.樂于助人的。根據(jù)Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties（在他們的幫助下，瑪麗亞克服了許多困難）可知，她的老師和同學(xué)都樂于助人。故選D。（4）考查動詞。句意：她游覽了巴黎，對法國有了更多的了解。A.游覽；B.騎行；C.駕駛；D.飛行。根據(jù)Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver（她參觀了博物館，參加了音樂會，還沿著塞納河散步）可知，她游覽了巴黎。故選A。（5）考查動詞。句意：她非常喜歡這座城市的美麗。A.介紹；B.喜歡；C.記??；D.改進。根據(jù)thebeautyofthecity（這座城市的美麗）可知，喜歡這座城市的美麗。故選B。（6）考查形容詞。句意：她感到有點難過。A.憤怒的；B.悲傷的；C.驚訝的；D.高興的。根據(jù)Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave（一年后，瑪麗亞該離開了）和Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome（她會想念她的朋友，想念這座已經(jīng)成為她第二個家的城市）可知，她感到有點難過。故選B。（7）考查名詞。句意：她很感激有意義的經(jīng)歷和寶貴的友誼。A.挑戰(zhàn)；B.技能；C.經(jīng)歷；D.課程。根據(jù)IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain（在巴黎市中心，一所學(xué)校歡迎來自世界各地的學(xué)生。一天，一個叫瑪麗亞的年輕女孩從英國來到這里）可知，她很感激有意義的經(jīng)歷和寶貴的友誼。故選C。（8）考查動詞短語。句意：幾年后，瑪麗亞作為一名成功的女商人回到了巴黎。A.被介紹給；B.四處走動；C.住在；D.返回。根據(jù)Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave（一年后，瑪麗亞該離開了）和Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome（她會想念她的朋友，想念這座已經(jīng)成為她第二個家的城市）可知，瑪麗亞作為一名成功的女商人回到了巴黎。故選D。（9）考查副詞。句意：幸運的是，她遇到了一些以前的同學(xué)和老師。A.幾乎不；B.特別；C.幸運地；D.安靜地。根據(jù)Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue（她說，出國留學(xué)不僅拓寬了她的視野，豐富了她的生活，還幫助她更好地了解不同的文化，鼓勵她實現(xiàn)自己的夢想）可知，幸運的是，她遇到了一些以前的同學(xué)和老師。故選C。（10）考查名詞。句意：她對教育交流的培養(yǎng)表示感謝。A.培養(yǎng)；B.力量；C.方法；D.秘密。根據(jù)theeducationalexchange可知，她對教育交流的培養(yǎng)表示感謝。故選A。二、閱讀（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共11小題；每小題2分，滿分22分）閱讀下面短文，從26-36各題所給的A、B、C和D選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。4．（8分）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史記》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？CA.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？Da.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？AA.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？BA.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.【分析】本文主要講了漢朝時期，歷史學(xué)家司馬遷遭受了嚴重的懲罰，因為他為被敵人擊敗的李陵辯護。盡管受到嚴厲的懲罰，司馬遷仍然堅持完成了他的著作《史記》，這本書成為了中國歷史上最著名的書籍之一。【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Oneday，thekinggotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.（一天，皇帝得到消息說，將軍李陵已經(jīng)向敵人投降了?；实凵盍甑臍狻＃┛芍实凵鷼庖驗槔盍晖稊?。故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.（但是司馬遷一句話也沒說。）根據(jù)第二段Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."（他回答說："敵人有三萬士兵，而李只有五千。他已經(jīng)艱苦戰(zhàn)斗了十多天。李之所以屈服，是因為他們根本沒有任何食物。我相信他正在等待另一個機會再次戰(zhàn)斗。"）根據(jù)第三段Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.（皇帝聽了他的話，更加生氣了。他狠狠地懲罰了司馬遷。司馬遷感到非常屈辱，一度想自殺。）和IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting.（我要先完成我正在寫的歷史書。）可知正確的順序是：b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a。故選D。（3）語義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheo