被動語態(tài)（七大題型總梳理）-2024年中考一輪總復習（原卷版）

攻略03被動語態(tài)（七大題型總梳理）

模塊導航

?模塊一需要使用被動語態(tài)的情況

?模塊二各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

?模塊三主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換

?模塊四雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動轉(zhuǎn)換

?模塊五不能使用被動語態(tài)的詞和詞組

?模塊六常見主動語態(tài)表被動的詞和詞組

,模塊七havesth.done的雙重含義

模塊一1需要使用被動語態(tài)的情況O

1.不知道或不必提及動作的執(zhí)行者

>Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.

這座橋建于1700年。

2.強調(diào)動作的承受者

>Frankwashitbyacar.

弗蘭克被車撞了。

3.說話者希望所說的內(nèi)容更加客觀，避免就自己不太肯定的事表態(tài)

>ItissaidthatJapan'sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.

據(jù)說戰(zhàn)后日本的工業(yè)進步非常顯著。

模塊二1各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：bedone

請完成表格：（以do為例）

一般進行完成

現(xiàn)在

過去

將來

去

來

▼Attention，

含情態(tài)動詞的被動式：can/may/must+be+done

>芝士蛋糕必須得趁冷吃。?

Cheesecakecold.

★小試身手★

請用下面括號內(nèi)單詞的適當形式填空：

1)Aspeech(give)thisafternoon.

2)Theclassroom(clean)everyday.

3)Someeffectivemeasures(take)sincelastyear.

4)Mymother9sfavoritevase(break)yesterday.

5)Thebook(read)fourtimesbytheendoflastsemester.

6)Anamusementpark(build)inourcitynow.

7)Thetechniciantoldmethatmywatch(repair)in1hour.

8)Theproblem(discuss)thistimeyesterday.

9)Hesaidthathe(invite)totheparty.

10)Thousandsoftrees(plant)inthisareabytheendofthisyear.

11)Theclothesmay(deliver)tothepoorareanextmonth.

模塊三1主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換O

1.陳述句改為被動句

Stepl:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語

Step2:動詞結(jié)構(gòu)作相應變化（be+過去分詞）

Step3:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）

Step4:其他照抄

>Hewasmakingamodelplane.

2.一般疑問句改為被動句

Steplibe動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞放句首

Step2:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語

Step3:被動結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分

Step4:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）

Step5:其他照抄

>DidMike'steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?

3.特殊疑問句改為被動句

Step1:特殊疑問詞不變

Step2:be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞提前

Step3:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語（主動語態(tài)特殊疑問詞作賓語則這步省略）

Step4:被動結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分

Step5:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）

Step6:其他照抄

>WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?

>WhatdidLinda'sfathermendlastnight?

Whatlastnight?

★小試身手★

請把下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洌?/p>

1）Iwassurepeoplewouldpunishhim.

2）Theymayopenanewschoolnextyear.

3）Cantheboypickupheavyweights?

4）Willyourmotherkissyouonyourweddingdaynextweek?

Willonyourweddingdaynextweek?

模塊四1雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動轉(zhuǎn)換O

雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換原則

Hegaveherarose.=Hegavearosetoher.

Arose.（物做主語有介詞）

She.（人做主語無介詞）

★小試身手★

請改寫下列句子，保持句意不變：

1）MyfatherboughtmeaMiniCooper.

物做主語：“

人做主語：

2）Thewaiterhasnotbroughtusthecoffee.

物做主語：”

人做主語：

▼Attention，

以下動詞與介詞to搭配

award,bring,give,hand,leave,lend,mail,play,post,promise,pass,read,return,remend（推薦）,

sell,send,serve（招待），show,sing,take,teach,tell,throw,write

以下動詞與介詞for搭配

boil,book,bring,build,buy,call,catch,change,choose,cook,cut,do,draw,fetch,find,fix,gather,

get,keep,leave,make,order,pick,prepare,reserve（預留）,sing,save

★小試身手★

請用括號里的詞翻譯句子：

1)這個房間是為史密斯一家預定的。(reserve)

2)你不要指望任何人能為了你而變化。(change)

模塊五、a不能使用被動語態(tài)的詞和詞組o

1.不及物動詞及短語

出現(xiàn)死消失

躺升起同意

屬于爆發(fā)由...組成

趕上發(fā)生

2.靜態(tài)動詞

變成有益于等于

失敗包含缺少

持續(xù)意味著值…錢

適合

模塊六1常見主動語態(tài)表被動的詞和詞組O

1.常見系動詞：

smell,sound,taste,feel,look,seem,appear,prove

＞井水嘗起來好甜。

＞Thewellwater這塊絲綢布料摸起來很光滑。

2.Thissilk一些動詞在主動表示被動時，通常和well等副詞連用，這些動詞有:

clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride+well

＞這支筆很好寫。

Thispen

＞這幅眼鏡戴起來很舒服。

Thispairofglasses

3.用動名詞的主動形式來代替被動，這類動詞主要有：

want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/need/requiretobedone

＞孩子們需要照看。

Thechildren

＞你值得擁有這些獎勵。

You

4.beworthdoingsth.某事值得做

＞Anythingworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

5.be+adj.+todo

當這個句型的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語時，我們一般用主動表被動。

Englishishardtolearn.（English是tolearn的邏輯賓語，所以不用被動。）

＞這本書很難跟上。（follow）

＞他說的話很容易理解。（Whathesaid）

模塊七1havesth.done的雙重含義Q

1.某事被別人完成

＞你多久剪一次頭發(fā)？

Howoftendoyou

2.某人的一種經(jīng)歷

＞我昨晚把手臂摔斷了。

lyesterday.

綜合檢測用實踐檢驗真知O

一、單項選擇

1.一Yourroomissoclean.

一Thankyou!Ityesterday.

A.wascleanedB.cleansC.cleanedD.iscleaned

2.ThelastBeidouGEO3intospacesuccessfullyonJune23,2020.

A.issentB.wassentC.sendsD.sent

3.Thenoisewhichbyteenagersoutsidethehousekeptpeopleawakeallnight.

A.wasmadeB.madeC.weremadeD.making

4.Allofourschoolbagsbehindchairsaccordingtoourclassrule.

A.mustbeputB.mustputC.mustbeputtedD.canbeput

5.TheAdventuresofTomSawyerbyMarkTwain.

A.writesB.wroteC.willbewrittenD.waswritten

6.—Howcleanthewindowis!

——Yes.Itjustnow.

A.hasbeencleanedB.wascleaned

C.iscleanedD.willbecleaned

7.Asthecurtain,thefamoussingercameout.Thefansandscreamedwithexcitement.

A.wasraised;roseB.hadbeenraised;wereraised

C.rose;wereraisedD.hadrisen;raised

8.Thechildrenwerehungryandthesaladwasquicklyup.

A.eatingB.ateC.eatenD.eat

9.—Who'sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?

一Ifsme.Thisphototenyearsago.

A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastaken

10.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.Itbypeopleofallages.

A.islovedB.waslovedC.willloveD.isloving

11.一Mum,canIhangoutwithmyclassmatesthisafternoon?

一Ofcourseyoucanifyourhomeworkthismorning.

A.pletesB.ispletedC.willpleteD.willbepleted

12.Helikesblue,sohisroomthatcoloryesterday.

A.paintedB.waspaintedC.willbepaintedD.paints

13.Ithinkrobotsineverydaylifeinafewyears9time.

A.willuseB.willbeusedC.areusedD.wereused

14.ManyvolunteersfortheopeningceremonyofBeijingWinterOlympicGamesonFebruary4th,

2022.

A.wereneededB.areneededC.areneedingD.wereneeding

15.Assoonasbooks,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.

A.areraisedB.wereraisedC.raisedD.haveraised

16.一I'vereadontheInternetthataworldrecordofboatingonJan16th,2018.

一Yes.IfsawomanteamfromShantouUniversity.Ittookthem34daystocrosstheAtlantic.

A.brokeB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.willbebroken

17.一Who'sthelittlebabyinthephoto,LiYing?

一Ifsme.Thisphotofourteenyearsago.

A.istakenB.tookC.takesD.wastaken

18.一Excuseme,sir.Whencanwehaveaswiminthepool?

-Notuntilitnextmonth.

A.repairsB.willrepairC.isrepairedD.willberepaired

19.—Whatdoyouthinkofmyshirt?Itcotton.

-Itlooksniceonyou.

A.ismadeinB.ismadeforC.ismadeofD.ismadefrom

20.Nick_ajobinabank,buttooursurprise,hedidn*ttakeit.

A.isofferedB.offeredC.wasofferedD.hasoffered

21.Everyyearmanytreesalongthestreetstomakeourcitymorebeautiful.

A.plantB.haveplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted

22.Thehousebymyfriendslastmonth.Wewillliveinitsoon.

A.paintsB.ispaintedC.paintedD.waspainted

23.Let'swaitandseewhetherbooks_bytheInternetinthefuture.

A.replace.B.replaced

C.willbereplaced.D.werereplaced

24.LastDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbike_1,000yuanbythepolice.

A.finedB.wasfined

C.willbefinedD.hasfined

25.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90__notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.

A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare

26.一Lefsgotoplaysoccer,Peter.

一I'mafraidnot.Tilneedonemorehourbeforemyhomework.

A.hasfinishedB.finishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished

27.Ababy'sfirstbirthdayisaspecialeventinChinaandwithaspecialparty.

A.celebratesB.wascelebratedC.iscelebratedD.willcelebrate

28.Nowstudentsinsomeschoolsnottousemobilephones.

A.askB.askedC.areaskedD.wereasked

29.-----Where_the2010WorldEXPO_?------InShanghai.

A.does,holdB.has,heldC.will,holdD.is,held

30.一Whataniceclassroom!

一Iteveryday.

A.iscleaningB.hascleanedC.mustcleanD.iscleaned

31.一Howisyourpetdog?

一Heislovely.Butifheathomeallday,heatmeangrily.

A.keeps;barksB.iskept;willbarkC.iskept;barkD.keeps;willbark

32.一Howcleanyourcaris!

一Thankyou.It_veryoften.

A.iswashedB.washes

C.waswashedD.washed

33.Anewroadnearmyschoolnextyear.

A.buildsB.willbuild

C.isbuiltD.willbebuilt

34.Paperfirstabout2,000yearsagoinChina.

A.is,creatingB.iscreatedC.has,created