廣東省深圳市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題（含答案）2

廣東省深圳市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六七總分評分一、第一部分，基礎(chǔ)知識，單項選擇從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Shehasastrongmindandisalwaysreadyto____challenges.A．represent B．a(chǎn)ssure C．indicate D．embrace2．—Iwantyoubothtobeonyourbest____atGrandad's.—OKwewill,Mum.A．opportunity B．struggle C．behavior D．purpose3．Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecanto____akeyuniversity.A．beattendedto B．beadmittedtoC．beaddressedto D．bealertto4．____herdisappointment,she____andmanagedabrightsmile.A．Though;movedon B．Inspiteof;tookoffC．As;settleddown D．Despite;cheeredup5．Itis____ofhimtobelate,whichmakesusveryangry.A．thoughtful B．a(chǎn)verage C．common D．typical6．Wemustdosomethingto____thefactoriessendingoutpoisonousgasessoastokeepthecity____.A．keep;beingpolluted B．keep;frombeingpollutedC．prevent;frombeingpolluted D．prevent;beingpolluted7．____,myboy.Youcan'texpecttofinishalltheworkinsuchashorttime.A．KilltwobirdswithonestoneB．RaincatsanddogsC．HoldyourhorsesD．Bravetheelements8．Theladiesspentsometime____oneachother'shealthandfamilies.A．sufferingfrom B．comingacrossC．bringingup D．catchingup9．Itwasinmyseniorhighschool____Imetthewell-respectedteachers____Imadegreatprogressinmanyaspects.A．that;that B．where;when C．that;when D．where;that10．Eversincetheconceptof"themetaverse(元宇宙)"becameanewfocus,MarkZuckerberg____thenameofhiscompanyFacebook.A．hasconsideredchanging B．hadconsideredtochangeC．consideredchanging D．wasconsideringtochange11．WhenIwasatcollegeI______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptforafewwordsofeach.A．spoke;hadforgotten B．spoke;haveforgottenC．hadspoken;hadforgotten D．hadspoken;haveforgotten12．Findinghercarstolen,____.A．a(chǎn)policemanwasaskedtohelpB．shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelpC．theareawassearchedthoroughlyD．peoplearoundallcametohelpher13．Fortyyearslater,Mrs.Wyattstillremembersthegoldentimes____sheandherhusbandspentinthatsmallandplainhousebuiltbythemselves.A．when B．inthat C．inwhich D．that14．—What'syourplanforthismorning?—Totellyouthetruth,Ireallycan'tgoanywherebecauseI____animportantvisitorfromoutoftown.A．haveexpected B．willhaveexpectedC．expected D．a(chǎn)mexpecting15．Notonly____myskillsofcommunicationbutalso____metoknowmoreaboutourtraditionalculture.A．theactivitytrained;itallowedB．didtheactivitytrain;diditallowC．didtheactivitytrain;itallowedD．theactivitytrained;diditallow16．—Howwasyourweekend,Mary?—Great.IlikeweekendsbecauseI____getupsoearly.A．can't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't17．Highspeedtrainsareseldomdelayedorcancelledduetoweatherconditions.____,theyhavebecomethefirstchoiceformanypassengers.A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise18．Americahasmorethanfiftystates,____,Kentucky,istheplace____AbrahamLincolnwasborn.A．oneofthem;where B．oneofthem;thatC．oneofwhich;that D．oneofwhich;where19．Salesdirectorisaposition____communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A．which B．where C．when D．whom20．ToeataXiaolongbao,youhavetodecidewhether____asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),or____thewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.A．biting;toput B．biting;puttingC．tobite;putting D．tobite;toput二、第二部分，閱讀理解，第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteswerecreatedtocelebrateandsafeguardthemostuniqueplacesaroundtheworld.Belowaremy4favoriteUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.CinqueTerre,ItalyWithcarsbannedhere,you'llreallygettofeeltheuniquehistoryandcharacteroftheCinqueTerre'sfivecenturies-oldcoastalvillages.Thebreathtakingviewsofharborsfarbelowthewildcoastlinealongwiththerichcolorswilldefinitelymakeitamemorableholiday.AngkorWat,CambodiaAngkorWatistheworld'slargestreligious(宗教的)monumentanditcontainsimpressiveremainsfromtheKhmerEmpire(9thto15thcentury).ThesitehasdozensoficonictempleslikeTaProhm(amagnificenttempleruinhiddeninthejungle).Hostingmorethantwomillionvisitorsannually,thisartisticmasterpieceisamust-seesite.PetraJordanPetra'srock-cutarchitecturehascontributedtoitsnickname,theRoseCity,basedonthecolorofthestoneitwascarvedfrom.Thedelicateconstructionsoftemplesandtombsalongwiththeremainsofchurchesandtemplesareonlyacoupleofreasonswhythisworld-famoussiteisamust-visitdestination.YellowstoneNationalPark,USAYellowstone'svastwildernessincludesmountainranges,lakesandwaterfalls.OneofthemainreasonsfortouriststovisitYellowstoneistoobservetheamazingwildlifelikegrizzlybear,bison,bighornsheepwandertheplainsandvalleys.Foradailymomentoftravelinspiration,clickheretofollowme.21．Wherecantouristsenjoybeautifulharborviews?A．InCinqueTerre. B．InAngkorWat.C．InPetra. D．InYellowstoneNationalPark.22．WhatdoAngkorWatandPetrahaveincommon?A．Colorfulstones. B．Religiousrelics.C．Coastalvillages. D．Amazingwildlife.23．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Awildlifebrochure.C．Atravelblog. D．Aneconomicmagazine.閱讀理解WhenIhandedmydaughteracopyofKingoftheWindbyMargueriteHenry,shelookedskeptical.ShereluctantlyagreedtoreaditwithmeafterItoldheritwasoneofmyfavoritestorieswhenIwasherage,andherskepticismquicklymorphedintoenthusiasmasshefellinlovewiththebook.Watchingherconnecttothestorybroughtbackafloodofmemoriesaboutmyfirsttimereadingthebook.Itwaslikeintroducingmydaughtertoamuchyoungerversionofmyself.Ihighlyrecommendotherparentssharetheirfavoritechildhoodbooks,asweetactivitywithlotsofbenefits.Everynight,Isitontheendofmydaughters'bedsandreadthemthestoriesI'vecherishedfordecades.Thisdistraction-freetimegivesmykidsthechancetoaskquestionsaboutthebookwe'rereading,the"oldendays"whenIwasakid,andwhateverelseisontheirminds.My9-year-oldespeciallyadoresthistimetogetherandthedeeperconnectionshefeelstoherfamilybecauseofit.Readingherabookthatholdssignificantmeaningformebringsustogetherinawholenewway.There'snothingbetterthanwatchingmykids'reactionstobooksI'velovedmyentirelife.TheychatteredwithexcitementwhenCharliefoundhisgoldenticketinRoaldDahl'sclassicandpulledthecoversovertheirblushingfaceswhenAlmanzoaskedLauraifhecouldwalkherhomeintheLittleHouseseries.Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeI'mreachingthroughtimeandconnectingmychildhoodwiththeirs.Everygenerationhasbooksthatdefinethem.Formykids,it'smostlyfantasyandrealisticfiction.Byreadingmychildhoodfavoritestothem,mykidsstepoutsidetheircomfortzonesandtrynewgenres,authors,andwritingstyles.My9-year-olddidn'tknowshelovedfolkloreuntilwereadmyfavoritecollectionofJapanesechildren'sstoriestogether.My11-year-oldbecameobsessedwithwildernesssurvivalstorieswhenIreadScottO'Dell'sIslandoftheBlueDolphinstoher.24．Whatcantheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphbereplacedby?A．changed B．translated C．built D．burnt25．Howdoesreadingtogetherinfluencetheauthorandhisdaughters?A．Theydon'tunderstandeachother.B．Theyforgettheirunhappinessinthepast.C．Theybecomeclosertoeachother.D．Theygetboredwitheachother.26．Whatarethekids'responsestothebookstheauthorlovedinhischildhood?A．Theyareexcitedandpleased.B．Theyareboredbutcurious.C．Theyareastonishedandsad.D．Theyareuninterestedbutgrateful.27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A．Heburdenshischildrenbyreading.B．Hehelpshischildrenfindtheirinterests.C．Hefailstogethischildrenoutoffantasy.D．Hepreferstoreadchildren'sbooks.閱讀理解Anyparentofgrowingteenagersknowstheirkids'appetite(食欲)canbeextremelylarge.Now,imaginehavingayoungdinosaurcheckingthefridge.Theoutsizeappetitesofgrowingdinosaursreshapedfoodchainsintheirenvironmentandcrowdedoutothercarnivores(食肉動物),accordingtoanewstudy.Mostgroupsofanimalshavemanysmall-sizedspecies,somewhatfewermedium-sizedspeciesandthefewestlarge-sizedspecies.However,theextinctdinosaurs—especiallycarnivoreshadplentyofspeciesnobiggerthanmodern-daychickensandalsomanyextremelybigspecies,butfewmedium-sizedones.Scientistswonderedwhetherteendinosaurscrowdedoutmedium-sizedadultsbytakingadvantageofthehabitatsandfoodsourcesthosespeciesmighthavetaken.Totesttheidea,KatlinSchroeder,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofNewMexico(UNM),combedaglobalcollectionofdatatodeterminethesizeofmorethan550dinosaurspeciesin43ancientecosystems."Inmostcommunities,plant-eatingdinosaurswereinmultifarioussizes.Butcarnivoreswerecompletelydifferent,"Schroedersays.Plant-eatingdinosaurscameinarangeofsizes,whilecarnivorousdinosaursbetween100and1,000kilogramswerequiterare."Thesizeofthecarnivorousdinosaurissurprising.It'sasifyouwenttothesavanna,alargeflatareaofgrassyland,andsawnothinginsizebetweenasmallfoxandalion,"Schroedersays."Patternsinallthedinosaurcommunitiesstudiedareverysimilar.Wesawthegapinspecies'sizesforyears,butnevermeasuredit."SchroederandpaleontologistsEelisaSmithofUNMandKathleenLyonsoftheUniversityofNebraska,Lincoln,modeledtherolethatyoungcarnivorousdinosaursmighthaveplayedinecosystems."Iftheteendinosaursarereallyusingupthisspace,howmanyofthemwouldyouexpect?"Smithsays.Theirstudyshowedthat"theteenagersfillthegap,"shesays."Ifyoufillthemin,thenyougetacommunitythatlookslikewhatyou'dexpect.""Theeffectmaybestrongerinmeateatersbecauseeachcarnivorousdinosaurspecieshatched(孵化)fromsmalleggs;thentheygrewveryquickly.Theyhadtochangedietsandhuntingmethodstoadapttotheirnewsizesandcompetewitharangeofotherspeciesalongtheway,"Erickson,anotherscientist,says."Thestudy'sstressonhowanimals'niches(生態(tài)位)canchangeastheygrowoffersfreshunderstandings,"saysMikeBenton,ascientistattheUniversityofBristol.28．Howdoestheauthorbringupthetopicofthetext?A．Byshowinganexample. B．Bymakingacomparison.C．Bystartingadiscussion. D．Byofferinganexplanation.29．Whatconfusesscientistsabouttheextinctdinosaurs?A．Whethertheylivedinlargecommunities.B．Whyyoungdinosaurshadoutsizeappetites.C．Whytherewerefewermedium-sizedspecies.D．Howtheyadaptedtotheenvironmentchange.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"multifarious"inParagraph4probablymean?A．Similar. B．Large. C．Reasonable. D．Various.31．WhatdoesEricksonwanttostressinthelastbutoneparagraph?A．Theimpactofcarnivorousdinosaurs'appetiteontheirsizes.B．Thecompetitivelivingenvironmentofcarnivorousdinosaurs.C．Therelationbetweenfoodvarietyanddinosaurs'survivalability.D．Theroleofeatinghabitsincarnivorousdinosaurs'huntingmethods.閱讀理解Thecurbcut（路緣坡）isaconveniencethatmostofusrarely,ifever,notice.Yet,withoutit,dailylifemightbealotharder—inmorewaysthanone.Pushingababystrollerontothecurb,skateboardingontoasidewalkortakingafullgrocerycartfromthesidewalktoyourcar—allthesetasksareeasierbecauseofthecurbcut.Butitwascreatedwithadifferentpurposeinmind.It'shardtoimaginetoday,butbackinthe1970s,mostsidewalksintheUnitedStatesendedwithasharpdrop-off.Thatwasabigdealforpeopleinwheelchairsbecausetherewerenoramps（斜坡）tohelpthemmovealongcityblockswithoutassistance.Accordingtoonedisabilityrightsleader,asix-inchcurb"mightaswellhavebeenMountEverest"forwheelchair-boundpeople.So,activistsfromBerkeley,California,whoalsoneededwheelchairs,organizedacampaigntocreatetinyrampsatintersectionstohelpdisadvantagedpeopledependentonwheelsmoveupanddowncurbsindependently.Ithinkaboutthe"curbcuteffect"alotwhenworkingonissuesaroundhealthequality.ThefirsttimeIevenheardaboutthecurbcutwasina2017StanfordSocialInnovationReviewpiecebyPolicyLinkCEOAngelaBlackwell.Blackwellrightlynotedthatmanypeopleseeequalityas"azero-sumgame（零和游戲）".Basically,thereisadeeplyrootedsocialbeliefamongthemthatintentionallysupportingonegrouphurtsanother.Whatthecurbcuteffectrevealsthough,Blackwellsaidisthat"whensociety-createsthecircumstancesthatallowthosewhohavebeenleftbehindtoparticipateandcontributefully,everyonewins."Onesuchexampleisclosedcaptioning（字幕）,originallyintendedtohelpdeafpeopleunderstandmoviesandTVshowswithoutneedingtoheardialogueorsounds.Butit'seasytothinkofotherapplicationsforclosedcaptioning:it'sconvenientforcustomerswatchingTVinanoisybarorgym,second-languagelearnerswhowanttoreadaswellaslisten,orstudentswhouseitasastudyaid.So,nexttimeyoucrossthestreet,orrollyoursuitcasethroughacrosswalkorrideyourbikedirectlyontoasidewalk—thinkabouthowmuchthecurbcut,thatchangeindesignthatbrokedownwallsofexclusionforonegroupofpeopleatadisadvantage,hashelpednotjustthatgroup,butallofus.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedquoteimplyconcerningasix-inchcurb?A．Itisanunforgettablesymbol.B．Itisanimpassablebarrier.C．Itisanimportantsign.D．Itisanimpressivelandmark.33．AccordingtoAngelaBlackwell,whatdomanypeoplebelieve?A．It'snotworthwhiletopromotehealthequality.B．It'snecessarytogoallouttohelpthedisabled.C．It'simpossibletohaveeveryonetreatedequally.D．It'sfairtogivethedisadvantagedmorehelpthanothers.34．Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratesthe"curbcuteffect"principle?A．ThefourgreatinventionsofancientChinaspreadtoothercountriesintheworld.B．Readingmachinesforblindpeoplehelpbuildthedigitalmapsdriversusetonavigate.C．Yourreachingouttothedisadvantagedcontributestomorepeopledoingit.D．AbutterflyflappingitswingsinonecountryleadstoaTornadoinanothercountry.35．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thecurbcutisaconvenientrampdesignedtobenefitthedisabled.B．Everyoneinasocietyshouldbetreatedequally.C．Supportingdisadvantagedgroupsoftenendsupbenefitingmuchlargerrangesofsociety.D．Howdisabilityrightsactivistsfoughtforequalitythatchangedthelifeofhisfollowers.三、第二部分，閱讀理解，第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Climatechangereferstolong-termshiftsintemperaturesandweatherpatterns.36．Butsincethe1800s,humanactivitieshavebeenthemaindriverofclimatechange,primarilyduetoburningfossilfuelslikecoal,oilandgas.Climatechangecancauseextremeeventslikewildfiresandfloods.37．Howdoesclimatechangemakeyoufeel?Thenewsofmeltingglaciersandoilspillsmayseemoverwhelmingandcanmakeyoufeelangry,frightened,hopelessorupset.Thisiscalledclimateanxiety.38．Ifyoufeelworriedaboutwhat'shappeningtotheworld,goodforyou.It'snormaltobeupsetwhenthingsyoucareaboutaregettinghurt.39．Therearelotsofthingsyoucandotohelpadultstakebettercareoftheworld.Turnyourfearintopowerbydoingsomething.Breakingtheproblemintobite-sizedchunksisagoodwaytostart.Thinkofsomethingyoufeelpassionateabout,suchasprotectingoceanlifeorsavingforests,andjoinacommunitygrouporcharitythatsupportsthatcause.LocalcharitieslikePlasticFreeCoastorganizebeachcleans,andtheRainforestTeamhaslotsofplanet-savingideas,suchasreducingfoodwaste.Positiveactioncaninspireotherstoo.SistersKimandStellaKingfromthecharityFightsAgainstPlastichavepickedup90,000piecesofplastic.Theyaskschools,businessesandorganizationstofollowtheirlead.40．A.Whyisthereclimateanxiety?B.Anditisanormal,healthyresponse.C.Thisrisksthelivesofhumans,animalsandplants.D.Remember,it'simportanttogetsupportfrompeoplearound.E.Noonecanfixclimatechangeontheirownbutwecanallplayapart.F.Theseshiftsmaybenatural,suchasthroughvariationsinthesolarcycle.G.So,tellfriendsandfamilywhatyou'reuptoandencouragethemtojoinin.四、第三部分，語言運用，第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MissPattyisaforceofnature.Yearsago,MissPatty41．thatmanystudentsthatrodeherbusneverhadhatsoncolddays.Beingacaringwoman,she42．todosomethingaboutit.PattyReitz,43．knowntostudentsasMissPatty,hasleftfriendshipandwarmthwiththestudentsofClarenceCentralSchoolDistrict.Overher44．,shehascrocheted(用鉤針編織)a(an)45．7,083hatsforthestudentsandtheschool.Reitz's46．ofcrochetingbeganin2005whenshewascaringforhermotherinthehospitalandneededsomethingtokeepherself47．."Ineededsomethingtodo."she48．.Later,shetookupthecraftonherbuswhilewaitingforthestudentsto49．."She50．herstudents.AnystudentthathasbeenonMissPatty'sbusgetsahat,andtheyalso51．a(chǎn)friend.MissPattyisoneoftheir52．."saidthird-gradeteacher,DeborahBosworth."I'mgoingtokeepdoingituntilIcan'tdoitanymore."shesaid.MissPatty'sactofkindnessand53．isinspiring.Sheisagreatexampletoallofusthatwecan54．a(chǎn)differenceinthelivesofothers,evenifit'ssomethingas55．a(chǎn)smakinghats.41．A．judged B．noticed C．doubted D．believed42．A．decided B．refused C．happened D．promised43．A．naturally B．kindly C．strangely D．secretly44．A．story B．experience C．a(chǎn)im D．career45．A．a(chǎn)mazing B．exciting C．frightening D．puzzling46．A．direction B．trouble C．dream D．journey47．A．prepared B．delighted C．occupied D．confused48．A．ordered B．explained C．showed D．expected49．A．return B．escape C．board D．continue50．A．caresabout B．looksforC．givesup D．turnsto51．A．win B．a(chǎn)ttract C．meet D．a(chǎn)dmire52．A．roles B．favorites C．choices D．joys53．A．humor B．wisdom C．generosity D．courage54．A．put B．leave C．give D．make55．A．useful B．meaningful C．funny D．easy五、第三部分，語言運用，第二節(jié)，語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildan56．(entire)softrobot—the"Octobot".57．(describe)insciencejournalNature,the"Octobot"couldpavethewayfor58．(intelligent)robotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch,rescueandexplorationthanthetraditionalones."TheOctobotisaminimalsystemwhichmayserve59．a(chǎn)foundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots,"thestudy'sauthorswrote.Researchers60．(work)onbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'vetaken61．(inspire)fromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.However,creatingacompletelysoftrobot62．(remain)achallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,63．isstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower."64．softroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsagreatpromiseforseveralapplications,suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexplorations,"BarbaraMazzolaiofTechnology,CenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wroteinacomment."Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachesto65．(improve)wellnessandqualityoflife."六、第四部分，完成句子，根據(jù)各句括號內(nèi)的中文提示，用恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z或結(jié)構(gòu)的正確形式完成句子，每空限填一個詞。（共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分）66．Theoldhouse(屬于)myuncledatesbacktothe1980s.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)67．Iwasorganizingmywordsinmyheadwhenthegirlnexttome（<用肘>輕推了我一下）.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)68．AllarewelcometojointheYogaClub(不論，不管)ageorsex.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)69．Football(打破，砸破)wallsandbringspeopletogetheronandoffthefield.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)70．Expertshavepredictedthatmorethanhalfoftheworld's6,000languagesmay(滅絕)inthenextcentury.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)71．LaterIdecidedtomypreviousexperiencelearninghowtoreadandwrite.(把……應(yīng)用于……)(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)72．Whenhereturnedtohishometownafterthewar,hefoundithadchanged(認不出，難以認出).(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)73．Researchhasshownthathavinga(偏愛，喜愛<prefer的適當(dāng)形式>)junkfoodcanresultinobesity.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)74．(如果……怎么辦？)Ican'tunderstandthelocalpeoplewhenIgettoAmerica?(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)75．Ihopemyadvicewillbe(對……有益)youinyourEnglishstudy.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)七、第五部分，應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分20分）76．假定你是校英語報記者李華。你校于12月21日舉辦了以"保護生態(tài)環(huán)境，建設(shè)綠色家園"為主題的英語演講比賽。請你就此事寫一篇報道。內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽目的；2.比賽過程；3.比賽反響。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.提示詞：保護生態(tài)環(huán)境，建設(shè)綠色家園ProtectingtheEco-environment；BuildingaGreenHomelandAnEnglishSpeechContest

答案解析部分1．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：她意志堅強，隨時準備迎接挑戰(zhàn)。A.represent"代表"；B.assure"使確信"；C.indicate"表明"；D.embrace"欣然接受"。根據(jù)"hasastrongmind"可推知，她意志堅強，所以不懼挑戰(zhàn)，能欣然接受或迎接挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。

【點評】考查動詞詞義辨析，區(qū)分represent；assure；indicate和embrace的含義。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——我要你們兩個在你爺爺家好好表現(xiàn)?！玫模覀儠?，媽媽。A.opportunity"機會"；B.struggle"斗爭"；C.behavior"行為，舉止"；D.purpose"目的"。根據(jù)句意這是媽媽對孩子的告誡，要求他們注意行為舉止。故選C。

【點評】考查名詞詞義辨析，區(qū)分opportunity；struggle；behavior和purpose的含義。3．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我們班上的每個人都在努力學(xué)習(xí)，盡我們所能考上一所重點大學(xué)。A.beattendedto"被照料"；B.beadmittedto"被……錄取"；C.beaddressedto"被寄給"；D.bealertto"警惕……"。根據(jù)空后的akeyuniversity可知，這里表示被一所重點大學(xué)錄取，應(yīng)用beadmittedto。故選B。

【點評】考查動詞短語辨析，區(qū)分beattendedto；beadmittedto；beaddressedto和bealertto的含義。4．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：盡管失望，她還是振作起來，露出燦爛的笑容。though/as"盡管"，應(yīng)當(dāng)讓步性狀語從句，后接句子；despite/inspiteof"盡管"，后接名詞或動名詞作賓語；movedon"繼續(xù)"；tookoff"起飛"；settleddown"定居"；cheeredup"振作起來"。結(jié)合結(jié)構(gòu)和句意，herdisappointment為名詞，第一空格用despite/inspiteof；空格二為"振作起來"，用動詞短語cheeredup。故選D。

【點評】考查介詞/連詞和動詞短語詞義辨析，區(qū)分though；inspiteof；as和despite的詞性和應(yīng)用以及moveon；;takeoff；settledown和cheerup的含義。5．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：遲到是他的特點，這使我們很生氣。A.thoughtful"考慮周全的"；B.average"平均的"；C.common"普通的"；D.typical"典型的"。根據(jù)語意可知，這讓我們很生氣，可見是經(jīng)常遲到。故選D。

【點評】考查形容詞詞義辨析，區(qū)分thoughtful；average；common；typical的含義。6．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我們必須采取措施防止工廠排放有毒氣體，以防止城市被污染。固定短語prevent...from..."阻止，制止"，根據(jù)"mustdosomethingto"可知，此處要用動詞原形prevent；固定短語keep...from..."防止，阻止"，from后接動名詞作賓語，且由thecity與pollute之間是被動關(guān)系，要用beingdone形式。故選C。

【點評】考查動詞短語和非謂語動詞，掌握固定短語prevent/keep...from...以及動名詞的被動式。7．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：別著急，我的孩子。你不能指望在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成所有的工作。A.Killtwobirdswithonestone"一石二鳥，一舉兩得"；B.Raincatsanddogs"傾盆大雨"；C.Holdyourhorses"慢慢來，別著急"；D.Bravetheelements"冒著風(fēng)雨"。根據(jù)"Youcan'texpecttofinishalltheworkinsuchashorttime."可知，此處指"慢慢來，別著急"，故選C。

【點評】考查習(xí)語辨析，區(qū)分Killtwobirdswithonestone；Raincatsanddogs；Holdyourhorses和Bravetheelements的含義。8．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：女士們花了一些時間互相了解對方的健康和家庭狀況。A.sufferingfrom"遭受"；B.comingacross"偶遇"；C.bringingup"提出"；D.catchup"了解"。根據(jù)"eachother'shealthandfamilies"可知，她們應(yīng)該是在相互了解。故選D。

【點評】考查動詞短語辨析，區(qū)分sufferfrom；comeacross；bringup和catchup的含義。9．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：正是在我遇到這些受人尊敬的老師的高中，我在很多方面都取得了很大的進步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，第一個空引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞myseniorhighschool，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，所以應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。去掉Itwas和第二個空，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意思均完整，所以本句是一個itis/was...that/who...強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分是地點狀語inmyseniorhighschool，所以應(yīng)用that連接。故選D。

【點評】考查定語從句和強調(diào)句，本題涉及where限制性定語從句和強調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)"itis/was...that/who..."。10．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：自從"元宇宙"的概念成為新的焦點以來，馬克·扎克伯格一直在考慮更改他的公司Facebook的名稱。根據(jù)時間狀語從句Eversincetheconceptof"themetaverse(元宇宙)"becameanewfocus可知，主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。considerdoingsth.固定短語，"考慮做某事"，動名詞作賓語。故選A。

【點評】考查時態(tài)和非謂語動詞，本題涉及現(xiàn)在完成時和動名詞作賓語，以及固定短語considerdoingsth.。11．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：上大學(xué)的時候，我能說三門外語，但現(xiàn)在除了每門語言的幾個單詞外，我都忘記了。根據(jù)時間狀語“WhenIwasatcollege”可知，“能說三門外語”是讀大學(xué)的時候的事情，講述過去的事情用一般過去時態(tài)，第一空處用過去式spoke；結(jié)合句意可知，“除了每門語言的幾個單詞外，我都忘記了”強調(diào)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)haveforgotten。故選B。

【點評】考查時態(tài)，本題涉及一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時。12．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車被偷后，她急忙向警察求助。Findinghercarstolen為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，其邏輯主語和句子主語應(yīng)當(dāng)保持一致。根據(jù)句中的her可知，句子的邏輯主語應(yīng)用she。"她急忙向警察求助"符合句意。故選B。

【點評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。13．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：四十年后的今天，懷亞特夫人仍然記得她和丈夫在那所自己建造的小而樸素的房子里度過的黃金時光。sheandherhusbandspentinthatsmallandplainhousebuiltbythemselves是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞thegoldentimes，指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作spent的賓語，應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選D。

【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句。14．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——你今天上午的計劃是什么？——說實話，我哪兒也去不了，因為我要等一位外地來的重要客人。A：haveexpected現(xiàn)在完成時；B：willhaveexpected將來完成時；C：expected一般過去時；D：amexpecting現(xiàn)在進行時。此處表示計劃好或準備要做的事，用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來，故選D。

【點評】考查時態(tài)，本題涉及現(xiàn)在進行時。15．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：這次活動不僅鍛煉了我的溝通技巧，還讓我更多地了解了我們的傳統(tǒng)文化。notonly...butalso...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"不僅……而且……"，可以連接并列句，且notonly位于句首時，前面分句應(yīng)用部分倒裝，即將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或be動詞提到主語之前，后面分句仍用陳述句語序。結(jié)合選項可知，第一空應(yīng)用didtheactivitytrain，使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，助動詞did提前；第二空應(yīng)用itallowed，使用了陳述語序。故選C。

【點評】考查倒裝句，本題涉及notonly位于句首的部分倒裝。16．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——瑪麗，你周末過得怎么樣？——太好了。我喜歡周末，因為我不必起得那么早。A.can't"不能；不可能"；B.shouldn't"不應(yīng)該"；C.needn't"不必要"；D.mustn't"禁止，不準"。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指"不必起得那么早"，故用needn't。故選C。

【點評】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析，區(qū)分can't；shouldn't；needn't和mustn't的含義和應(yīng)用。17．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：高速列車很少因天氣狀況而延誤或取消。因此，它們已成為許多乘客的首選。A.Besides"此外"；B.However"然而"；C.Therefore"因此"；D.Otherwise"否則"。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為副詞Therefore"因此"作狀語，滿足句意要求。故選C。

【點評】考查副詞詞義辨析，區(qū)分besides；however；therefore和otherwise的含義和使用環(huán)境。18．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：美國有50多個州，其中的肯塔基州是亞伯拉罕·林肯出生的地方。第一空涉及"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的一個非限制性定語從句，其中which代替先行詞state，指物，并在從句中作of的賓語，而第二空引導(dǎo)的是一個限制性定語從句，代替先行詞place，指物，并在從句中作地點狀語，所以填關(guān)系副詞where。故選D。

【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及非限制性定語從句和限制性定語從句。19．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：銷售總監(jiān)是一個溝通能力與銷售技能同等重要的職位。____communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills是限定性定語從句，修飾先行詞aposition，在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故選B。

【點評】考查定語從句，本題涉及關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句。20．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：要吃小龍包，你必須決定是先咬一個小孔，冒著流出來的風(fēng)險，還是把整個餃子放進嘴里，讓熱湯在你的舌頭上爆炸。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里是"whether+不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語，whether...or...意為"是……還是……"，連接并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以or后面也應(yīng)用不定式。故選D。

【點評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及"疑問詞+不定式"作賓語以及固定短語whether...or...?！敬鸢浮?1．A22．B23．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了作者最喜歡的4個聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。21．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)CinqueTerre,Italy部分中的"Thebreathtakingviewsofharborsfarbelowthewildcoastlinealongwiththerichcolorswilldefinitelymakeitamemorableholiday."在狂野的海岸線下，港口的壯麗景色以及豐富的色彩必將使它成為一個難忘的假期?？芍?游客在意大利的Cinq