【課件】真題研究2024年新高考Ⅰ卷閱讀理解講評(píng)+課件-2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

2024Itiswhatitis.Acceptitandmoveon.2024年6月

新高考Ⅰ英語閱讀理解分析__________comprehension閱

讀

理

解AenvironmentBcrosscultureCreadingmateriaDscience·

·

·A篇語篇分析語篇來源選自GoldenGateNationalParksConservancy網(wǎng)站的一篇名為HabitatRestorationTeam的文章，/programs/habitat-restoration-team語篇類型應(yīng)用文主題語境人與社會(huì):環(huán)保意識(shí)語篇內(nèi)容生物棲息地修復(fù)工作隊(duì)的工作內(nèi)容和招募志愿者的要求語篇立意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到保護(hù)自認(rèn)環(huán)境和瀕危物種的重要性語篇長(zhǎng)度197words2024/11/19A篇設(shè)題類型：細(xì)節(jié)理解解題策略：審讀題干，劃出核心關(guān)鍵詞信息定位：略讀、跳讀（題文同序）2024/11/19AHABITATRESTORATIONTEAM

【1】HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.【2】GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.【3】AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.【4】UPCOMINGEVENTS21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.Todiscovermineralresources. B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem. D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin’snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We’llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.未提及原詞重現(xiàn).未提及細(xì)節(jié)理解題★22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18.23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.原詞重現(xiàn).最低年齡限制未提及未提及細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題★★AHABITATRESTORATIONTEAM

【1】HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.【2】GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.【3】AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.【4】UPCOMINGEVENTSrestoreridgeconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremovalHabitatRestorationRequestForm.parent/guardianapprovalsunscreen詞塊整理恢復(fù)脊進(jìn)行侵入（侵入的）

植物清棲息地恢復(fù)申請(qǐng)表家長(zhǎng)/監(jiān)護(hù)人批準(zhǔn)防曬霜B篇語篇分析語篇來源節(jié)選自HeroesoftheEnvironment:TrueStoriesofPeopleWhoHelpProtectOurPlanet(NRDC)一書，作者是Harriet

Rohmer。語篇類型記敘文主題語境人與自然:國(guó)際視野語篇內(nèi)容外國(guó)獸醫(yī)借鑒中醫(yī)技術(shù)用針灸治療動(dòng)物語篇立意跨文化交流學(xué)習(xí)借鑒；創(chuàng)新意識(shí)；堅(jiān)定定文化自信語篇長(zhǎng)度290words2024/11/19B篇設(shè)題類型：觀點(diǎn)題、推理題、段落大意題解題策略觀點(diǎn)題：讀題干（重點(diǎn)信息：?jiǎn)柕氖钦l的態(tài)度，問的是ta對(duì)什么事或什么人的態(tài)度）定位信息區(qū)分“facts”and“opinions”(XB2U2)推理題：找到信息源忠實(shí)于原文不要選表層信息段落大意題：留心關(guān)鍵詞,抓住段落主旨;串聯(lián)主要細(xì)節(jié),結(jié)合文章主題語境2024/11/19B

【1】“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.【2】Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.【3】LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.【4】Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”B

【1】“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude同義詞解釋.觀點(diǎn)題★【2】

Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity. B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient. D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners原文信息轉(zhuǎn)述推理判斷題★B【3】LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment. B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians’work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases. D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine高度概括了舉2例dog&horse的信息

段落大意題★B【4】Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. ` B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection列舉數(shù)據(jù)中心句論點(diǎn)首尾對(duì)應(yīng)

論據(jù)列舉未提及未提及推理題★B

【1】“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine-combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.【2】Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.【3】LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.【4】Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”performacupuncturedefensiveoccasionallyveterinarians“holistic”medicineherbalmedicineoddconventionaltechniqueseaseachiropracticadjustment詞塊整理進(jìn)行針灸守勢(shì)偶爾獸醫(yī)“整體”醫(yī)學(xué)草藥奇怪協(xié)定的技術(shù)緩解脊椎按摩療法的調(diào)整C篇語篇分析語篇來源來自美利堅(jiān)大學(xué)語言學(xué)榮休教授NaomiS.Baron（內(nèi)奧米·S.巴倫）的一篇名為Whyweremembermorebyreading–especiallyprint–thanfromaudioorvideo的文章。/why-we-remember-more-by-reading-especially-print-than-from-audio-or-video/語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自我：學(xué)習(xí)（學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律、方法等）語篇內(nèi)容紙質(zhì)閱讀（printedtext）與數(shù)字閱讀（可視化學(xué)習(xí)）在理解和記憶方面的優(yōu)劣，強(qiáng)調(diào)紙質(zhì)閱讀對(duì)于深度學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的重要性。語篇立意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)不同媒介在學(xué)習(xí)中的不同作用，從而選擇最有效的學(xué)習(xí)方式語篇長(zhǎng)度333wordsC篇設(shè)題類型：詞義猜測(cè)題、推理題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題策略詞義猜測(cè)題：通過因果關(guān)系、同義詞和同義關(guān)系、反義詞和反義關(guān)系、構(gòu)詞法、定義或釋義關(guān)系、上下文等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)詞義01推理題：找到信息源忠實(shí)于原文不要選表層信息02細(xì)節(jié)理解題：審讀題干，劃出核心關(guān)鍵詞信息定位：略讀、跳讀032024/11/19C【1】Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no.”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.【2】Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.【3】Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.【4】Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假說).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.【5】Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.【6】Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.C.【2】Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A.Seemunlikelytolast. B.Seemhardtoexplain.C.Becomereadytouse. D.Becomeeasytonotice.同類詞.詞義猜測(cè)消極詞匯消極詞匯★.【4】Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假說).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.29.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.反義詞

seriously&lightlytreat/take/approachsthlightly不嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待某物。推理題偷換概念★【5】Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.30.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A.Theycanholdstudents’attention. B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills. D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.engaging讓人投入的；吸引人的。同義轉(zhuǎn)換細(xì)節(jié)理解題未提及★【6】Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph? A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial. C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation. D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

然而，為了最大限度地提高學(xué)習(xí)的需要精神集中和反思的地方，教育工作者不應(yīng)該假設(shè)所有的媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞。推理題★未提及主語錯(cuò)誤，未提到學(xué)生C【1】Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no.”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.【2】Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.【3】Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.【4】Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假說).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.【5】Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.【6】Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.coverthesamematerialentertainmentmindsetatendencytomultitaskshinethroughposesimpletasksidentifythemainideamentalabstractiondrawinferencesprintanddigitalreadingphysicalpropertiesliterallayingthevisualgeographyofdistinctpagesshallowinghypothesisEngagingassignanonlinetalkmaximize詞塊整理涵蓋相同的材料娛樂心態(tài)多任務(wù)處理傾向閃耀提出簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)確定主要思想心理抽象得出推論印刷和數(shù)字閱讀物理性質(zhì)字面上鋪設(shè)不同頁面的視覺地理淺層假說有意思的，吸引人的分配聯(lián)機(jī)談話最大化D篇語篇分析語篇來源斯坦福大學(xué)網(wǎng)站2023年5月1日名為Comparisonofspecimensandfieldobservationsrevealsbiasesinbiodiversitydata的文章/stories/2023/05/study-examines-biases-coverage-gaps-biodiversity-data#:~:text=In%20the%20race%20to%20document%20the%20species%20on,number%20and%20abundance%20of%20species%20in%20an%20area語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自然：環(huán)境保護(hù)（人與動(dòng)植物）語篇內(nèi)容“探究生物樣本數(shù)據(jù)的可用性”，指出實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題，提出提高數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的措施。語篇立意培養(yǎng)科學(xué)探究精神，提升發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題的能力語篇長(zhǎng)度354wordsD篇設(shè)題類型：細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理題解題策略細(xì)節(jié)理解題：審讀題干，劃出核心關(guān)鍵詞信息定位：略讀、跳讀推理題：找到信息源忠實(shí)于原文不要選表層信息2024/11/19D【1】IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.【2】“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”【3】Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.【4】“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.【5】Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.【6】Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?【7】“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”D【1】IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.32.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A.Theyarebecomingoutdated. B.Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.C.Theyarelimitedinnumber. D.Theyareusedforpublicexhibition同類詞★未提及未提及細(xì)節(jié)理解題D【2】“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”【3】Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.33.WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocuson? A.Threatenedspecies. B.Physicalspecimens. C.Observationaldata. D.Mobileapplications.超過原詞★細(xì)節(jié)理解題觀測(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)移動(dòng)應(yīng)用【4】“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.【5】Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures。34.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A.Mistakesindataanalysis. B.Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.C.Improperwayofsampling. D.UnreliabledatacollectiondevicesC．推理判斷,準(zhǔn)確描述★推理題①②③【6】Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?【7】“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”35.WhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas. B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers. D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.D．同義詞推理判斷★推理題移花接木審查數(shù)據(jù)D【1】IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.【2】“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”【3】Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.【4】“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.【5】Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspec