2024年廣東省清遠市高二下學期期末英語試題

清遠市2023～2024學年第二學期高中期末教學質(zhì)量檢測高二英語注意事項：1.本試卷滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡的相應位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試題卷上無效。4.2B需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIncontrasttorushingpastovercrowdedtouristlandmarks,thenewtrendofcitywalkhasemergedasapopularalternativetoexploringbustlingmarkets,ancientstreets,andcharmingalleysataleisurelypace.HerearesomegoodrecommendationsforcitywalkinChina.ShanghaiShanghaihasundertakenextensiverenovations（修復）inmanyhistoricandculturalneighborhoods.Forinstance,theWukangBuilding,whichwasbuiltin1924,underwenttwoconservationrenovationsin2009and2019.In2020,italsounderwenta“micro-update”.GuangzhouYongqingfang,ahistoricalcomplexinGuangzhou,issituatedonEnningRoadandisconsideredthecoreareaofoldGuangzhou,aswellasthecity'smostbeautifularcade.Startingin2009,aseriesofmicro-transformationsbeganinYongqingfangandhavecontinuedtothepresentday.Today,therevitalizedYongqingfanghasemergedasanewculturallandmark,wheretraditionalandmodernculturesmixharmoniouslyintheoldcity.FuzhouCurrently,Fuzhouhasatotallengthof131kilometersofmountaintrails,connectingwith501.7kilometersofwaterfrontgreenwaysandover200traditionalstreetsandalleys.TheFuzhouurbanforesttrail,whichwindsthroughnumerousparks,facilitatesacloseconnectionbetweenmountains,water,people,andthecity.NanjingYoucanexperiencehistoryandmodernityinNanjing.WalkandtastefromPingshiStreettoShengzhouRoad,getaroastducktakeoutandtwoliang（100grams）ofbeefpotstickersbeforeyousitdownforabowlofsoupnoodlestoppedwithporkrindsandribs.Treatyourselftosomerichtraditionalfoods.21.HowmanytimeshastheWukangBuildingbeenrenovatedinthepast20years?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.22.Whichcitysuitsanatureloveraccordingtothetext?A.Shanghai.B.Guangzhou.C.Fuzhòu.D.Nanjing.23.WhatdoGuangzhouandNanjinghaveincommon?A.Theyhaveahistoryofrenovations.B.Theyhavemanyworld-famousbuildings.C.Theyofferwaterfrontgreenwaysfortourists.D.Theycombinetraditionalandmoderncultures.BCandaceLeslieCimaisa75-year-oldfashionandlifestyleinfluencerworkingtochangetheattitudesregardingagingforbothhergenerationandtheonesfollowinghers.Candace'svideo,sharingacommentonherstylethatsays“You’re60.Youshouldn’twearthat”,got7.4millionviewsonsocialmedia.Sheisansweringcommentsabouthersleevelessshirtstylechoiceswith“Iam75,actually.”Inhermind,thereisnostigmaattachedtobeingaging.“Irememberbeingonthecheckoutlineatasupermarketandlookingattheheadlinesonthosemagazines.TheywouldalwayshaveheadlineslikeHowtolookyourbestat20,30,and40.Neverdidtheymention50,60,and70,”sherecallsinavideo.Inadditiontohervideos,Candacealsohasablogwhereshespeaksatlengthaboutagingandfashion.Candaceexplainsthatshewearsalotofsleevelesstops,andthereisalwayssomeonewhowritestoherthatwomenover60shouldnotbaretheirarms.Shehasawholearticleonherblogdevotedtothissleevelessshirtstyleelement,whichiscalledWoman'sRighttoBareArms.“So...youhavesomelooseskinonyourarmsorsomeveinsonyourlegsoragespotsonyourhand...Whyisthatabadthing?”Shemakesapoint,sayingthatitiswewhodecidewhetheritisabadthingandwhetherweareashamedofournaturalagingprocessandletothersmakeusfeellessthanweare.Afterall,everyoneages,soweallasasocietyshouldnormalizethesechangesandlearntoseethempositively.Forher,ageisnotjustanumber.It'sabadgeofhonortowearproudly.“Theonlywaytochangethatviewisthatwe,asolderwomen,showthemthatagingisagift,somethingtobeembraced,valuedandshared,”shewrites.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stigma”inparagraph2mean?A.Trouble.B.Worry.C.Shame.D.Difficulty.25.HowdoesCandacerespondtocommentsaboutherage?A.Sheusestheopportunitytopromotepositiveaging.B.Sheignoresthemanddoesnotaddressthempublicly.C.Shegetsupsetanddefendsherselfinanaggressivemanner.D.Sheavoidswearingclothesthatmightdrawattentiontoherage.26.WhichwordscanbestdescribeCandace?A.Caringandgenerous.B.Concernedandhelpful.D.Strangeandfashionable.C.Confidentandbrave.27.WhatmessagedoesCandacewanttoconvey?A.Agingshouldbefearedandhidden.B.Agingisanaturalprocesstobecelebrated.C.Fashiontrendsaremoreimportantthanpersonalstyle.D.Ageshoulddefineaperson'slifestyleandappearance.CThesummerof2023wasthehottesteverrecordedonEarth.Carbondioxide（CO?）emissionsfromburningfossilfuelsarethemaincausesbehindclimatechange,andscientistssaytheymustbecontrolled.Butthere'sanothergreenhousegastodealwith:methane.Tacklingitmaybethebestbetforputtingthebrakesonrisingtemperaturesintheshortterm.That'sbecauseit'srelativelyshort-livedintheatmosphere—methanelastsabout12years,whileCO?canstickaroundforhundredsofyears.Wealreadyhavestrategiesforcuttingmethaneemissions—fixingnaturalgasleaks（methaneisthemaincomponentofnaturalgas）,removingcoalgradually（miningoperationsreleasemethane）,eatinglessmeatanddairyproducts（cowsburplotsofmethane）andelectrifyingtransportationandappliances.Implementingallexistingstrategiescouldslowglobalwarmingby30percentoverthenextdecade,researchhasshown.Butsomeclimatescientists,includingJackson,sayweneedtogofurther.Scientistswanttodevelopwaystoremovemethanedirectlyfromtheair.Mostideasarestillinearlyresearchstages.TheNationalAcademiesofSciences,EngineeringandMedicineiscurrentlystudyingthesepotentialtechnologies,theirstateofreadinessandpossiblerisks,andwhatfurtherresearchandfundingareneeded.Someoftheapproachesincludere-engineeringbacteriathatarealreadygoodateatingmethaneanddevelopingreactorsinmethane-richplacestochemicallytransformthegas.“Methaneisasprint（短跑）andCO?isamarathon,”saysDesiréePlata,acivilandenvironmentalengineeratMIT.“Whilemethaneemissionsareasignificantcontributortoclimatechange,carbondioxideemissionsremaintheprimarydriver.Therefore,wemustcontinuetopursuestrategiestoreduceCO?emissionswhilealsotargetingmethanereduction.”Forscientistsfocusedonremovinggreenhousegases,it'sofftotheraces.28.Whatisthebestwaytostoprisingtemperaturesintheshortterm?A.Quittingburningfossilfuels.B.Dealingwithmethaneemissions.C.Improvingcurrentresearchmethods.D.Controllingcarbondioxideemissions.29.Whatisthepossibleresultofcarryingoutexistingstrategies?A.Reducingtherateofglobalwarming.C.Trappingmethaneintheatmosphere.30.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph3?A.Theapproachesarenotfullydeveloped.C.Someapproacheshavebeenappliedwidely.B.Fixingnaturalgasleaks.D.Increasingtheuseofenergy.B.Thecurrentresearchprogressissufficient.D.Methaneemissionscanberemovedcompletely.31.WhatisDesiréePlata'sattitudetowardstheideaofremovingmethane?A.Indifferent.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Supportive.DAdvancesingenerativeartificialintelligence（AI）haveenabledauthentic-soundingspeechsynthesis（語音合成）tothepointthatapersoncannolongerdistinguishwhethertheyaretalkingtoanotherhumanoradeepfake（深度偽造）.Ifaperson'sownvoiceis“cloned”byathirdpartywithouttheiragreement,badguyscanuseittosendanymessagetheywant.ComputerscientistandengineerNingZhanghasdevelopedanewmethodtopreventunauthorizedspeechsynthesisbeforeittakesplace:atoolcalledAntiFake.Traditionaldeepfakedetectionmethodsonlyworkafterthedamageisdone.However,AntiFakepreventsvoicedatafrombeingsynthesizedintoanaudiodeepfakebeforehand.Thistoolturnsthetablesoncybercriminals（網(wǎng)絡罪犯）byusingsimilarvoicecloningtechniquestheyemploy,butforvoiceprotection.Thesoftwarecomplicatesvoicedataextractionandfeatureidentificationcrucialforvoicesynthesis.“We’reusinganoppositeAItechniqueoriginallyusedbycybercriminals,butnowwe'reusingitagainstthem,”Zhangexplained.“Weslightlychangetherecordedaudio,justenoughtomakeitunusableforvoiceclonetrainingwhilestillsoundingnaturaltohumans.”BenZhao,aprofessorofcomputerscienceatUniversityofChicago,saysthatthesoftware,likealldigitalsecuritysystems,willneverprovidecompleteprotection.But,headdsthatitcanraisethebarandlimittheattacktoasmallergroupofindividualswithsignificantresources.AntiFakecanalreadyprotectshortervoicerecordingsagainstcloning.Thecreatorsofthetoolbelievethatitcouldbeextendedtoprotectlargeraudiodocumentsormusicfrommisuse.Butthemethodsandtoolsthataredevelopedmustbecontinuouslyadaptedbecausecybercriminalswilllearnandgrowwiththem.32.WhatistheprimarypurposeofAntiFake?A.Toimprovethequalityofsyntheticspeech.C.Todetectdeepfakesaftertheyhavebeencreated.happening.B.Toclonevoiceswithouttheowner'sapproval.D.Tostopunapprovedspeechgenerationfrom33.HowdoesAntiFakedifferfromthesetraditionalmethods?A.Itpreventsaudiodeepfakesinadvance.C.Itonlyworksonshortvoicerecordings.34.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Developersshouldfocusonshortvoicerecordings.B.Thebattleagainstdeepfakesrequiresongoingefforts.B.Itcannotdetectdeepfakesuntilcreated.D.Itreliesonhumanlistenerstoidentifydeepfakes.C.AntiFakeisineffectiveagainstadvancedcloningtechniques.D.AntiFakeprovidespermanentsolutionstothedeepfakethreat.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFutureofVoiceTechnology.B.AMethodforDetectingAIDeepfakes.D.ATooltoKeepAIfromStealingYourVoice.C.TheChallengeofTellingHumanVoices.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtorecoverquicklyorfallapart?Somemightfinditextremelydifficulttocopewiththebarriers.Followingaresomestrategiestohelpyouhandleapersonalsetbackandgetbackontracktoachieveyourgoal.●Understandit'snormal.Fewerthan20percentofpeoplesucceedinreachingtheirgoalonthefirstattempt.Inotherwordsit'snotwhetherachallengewillhappen,butit'swhen.●Don'tdenyit.Sometimesitcanbedifficulttoidentifyasetback.Theproblemcanbestaringyourightintheface,butyoumaydenythere'sanycauseforalarm.37Thisinabilitytoacknowledgetheproblemdoesn'tmean36you'restupid.It'sjustthatdenialcancloudyourawarenessoftheissue.It'simportanttobeopentothehonestfeedback.●38Stopandconsidercarefullywhatwentwrong.Themostcommoncausesofasetbackarepersonalworries,overconfidence,andpoorcopingskills.Takealookatanyfactorthatmayhavecontributedtothesetback:whereyouwere,whoyouwerewith,whatyouwerethinkingandfeeling.●Learnfromit.Learnfromyouranalysisofthesetback,andadjustyourplantotrytopreventsimilarthingsfromhappeningnexttime.Eachtimeyouadaptyourplanandputitintoactionagain,youactuallyimproveyourchancesofeventualsuccess.39Remindyourselfthatyoursetbackisaslipinsteadofafall.towardsuccessagain.40Afteradjusting,youcanstillmakeprogressA.Don'ttakeitseriously.B.Analyzewhathappened.C.Persistinpursuingyourgoalsregardlessofchallenges.D.Despiteconcerns,youmaystillrefusetoacknowledgeit.E.Youhaven'tlostalloftheknowledge,skills,andsupport.F.Thus,thekeyliesinmanagingsetbackseffectivelywhentheyarise.G.Thisisbecauseyoulearnfromeachmissteptomakeyourplanmoreeffective.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ReneCompeanwasnostrangertoAngelesNationalForest.Butafterchallenginga45-year-oldmechanicwaslost.41pathlastApril,theAsthedayfadedintodusk,hisconcernturnedto.“I'mlost.SOS.Myphoneisgoingto44.”Hetextedthepolice,attachingaphotoshowingwherehewas.45showedhislegssurroundedbyanendlesslandscapeofrocksandplants.AllCompeancoulddothenwaswaitand46.Thetemperaturewasdroppingfast.Aftermountainlionsandabear,hekeptabigstickandsome48rocksbesidehimincaseananimalcameclose.Kuo,whoworksinthetechnologyindustry,alwaysloves49wherephotosaretaken.WhenhesawtheimageofCompean'slegsreleasedontheTwitter,he50pulledupasatellitemap.He51hissearchtothesurroundingareaafterknowingCompean'scarwasparkednearBuckhornCampground.Aftercomparingittothesatellitemap,Kuo52something:“He’sgottobeonthesouthsidebecausethere’snotreallyany53matched!Soon,Compeanwas42.Compeanclimbedtoaspotwithonebarof43The47twovalleysonthenorthside.”Thatfindingtightenedhissearch,andfinallythesaved.54Compean'sstoryprobablywouldhaveendedverydifferently,ifithadnotbeenforasatelliteskillsandasharpeyefordetailwhotookaction.55withstrong41.A.random42.A.shock43.A.signal44.A.abandon45.A.textB.newC.dustyC.fearD.straightB.puzzleB.trunkD.sadnessD.stickC.lightB.sustainB.videoB.hopeC.breakC.shotD.dieD.blog46.A.sleepC.starveC.huntingC.colorfulD.correspondD.spottingD.flat47.A.releasing48.A.sharpB.fetchingB.smooth49.A.testingout50.A.immediately51.A.submitted52.A.realized53.A.remoteB.attendingtoB.deliberatelyB.examinedB.guaranteedB.greenC.relyingonC.desperatelyC.narrowedC.recalledC.bareD.lookingforD.quietlyD.extendedD.seizedD.damp54.A.channels55.A.detectiveB.distributionsB.friendC.locationsC.hikerD.profilesD.stranger第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China'straditionaltea-makingwasaddedonTuesdaytotheintangibleculturalheritagelistoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization（UNESCO）.Theitem“TraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina”IntergovernmentalCommittee.56（pass）theexaminationatthe17thsessionoftheUNESCOChinanowhas43itemsontheintangibleculturalheritagelist,countryintheworld.57（continue）tobethemostenlistedThetraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChinaconsist58knowledge,skills,andpracticesconcerningthedrinking,andsharingoftea.59（manage）ofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manualprocessing,Sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplehavebeenplanting,picking,makinganddrinkingtea.60（base）onnaturalconditionsandlocalcustoms,Chineseteaproducershavedevelopedsix61（category）oftea:green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblack.Besides,thereareothervarieties,62containflower-scentedteas,andmorethan2,000teaproducts.Thetraditionalteamakingtechniquesare63（main）concentratedinthefourtearegionsinChina.Associatedsocialpractices,however,groups.64（spread）throughoutthecountryandsharedbymultipleethnicTeaispopularinChinesepeople'sdailylife,servedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,tonameafew.65isalsoanimportantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）發(fā)言。請你寫一份發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的觀點及理由；2.你的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。參考詞匯:職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃課程careerplanningcoursesDearfriends,MynameisLiHua.Thankyouforyourlistening!第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ilovedthespellingbee（拼字比賽）somuchthateveryafternoonafterschool,Iwoulddiligentl