【名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考】專題02.閱讀理解B篇（記敘文或新聞報(bào)道為主）（解析版）

全國(guó)名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考高三英語(yǔ)試題精選集錦（第五期）專題0專題02：閱讀理解B篇（記敘文或新聞報(bào)道為主）編者按：遴選全國(guó)各地近期區(qū)域大聯(lián)考試題，精心編輯，排版整齊。目錄(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)英語(yǔ)試題廣東省金太陽(yáng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期百校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月大聯(lián)考江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考河北省滄衡名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題河北省省級(jí)聯(lián)測(cè)考試2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月試題山東省新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三12月大聯(lián)考河南省南陽(yáng)市TOP20聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月月考河南箐師聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試題安徽省皖東十校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第三次月考湖北省宜荊荊隨恩2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)合測(cè)評(píng)2024屆重慶市縉云教育聯(lián)盟高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題遼寧省聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題浙江省縣域教研聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)英語(yǔ)試題BMichaelandhiswife,newresidentsinaSanFranciscoapartment,learnedabouttheirneighborJeffDunan'svolunteerworkforBangladeshRelief,anorganizationthatprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliesfordisadvantagedpeopleinnorthernBangladesh,Inspired,Michaeldonated$150toDunan'sGoFundMecampaign.However,acreditcardnotificationalertedhimtoanunintended$15,041charge.Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hewasconfused,Soon,itallmadesense,Michael'screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光標(biāo))wasstillinthedonationbox.MichaelplannedtocallDunantoexplain,butbeforehehadthechancetodothat,hestartedreceivingFacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity'sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhisgenerousdonation.Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthankyousignsthatreadhisname,Michael'sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedecidedtodonate$1,500.AlthoughMichaelhadtoldhisfamilyandfriendsaboutthetale,hedecidedtoshareitpubliclyonsocialmedia,afterDunantoldhimtheorganizationwasdesperatelyinneedoffunds.“Theleast1coulddowastakethetimetopostthisstoryonlineandseeifIcouldinspireotherpeopletodonatetothecause,”Michaelsaid.Littledidheknow,though,thatthestorywouldbeseenfarandwide,endingupraisingmorethan$120,000forBangladeshReliefinthespanofonlyafewweeks-abouteight.timesMichael'smistakendonation.AccordingtoDunan,morethan3,700peoplehavecontributedbecauseofMichael'spost.Michaelhasbeenstunned(震驚)bytheongoingoutpouringofsupport.“NeverinmywildestdreamsdidIimaginethisreaction,”hesaid.“Peoplecanbeamazingwhentheycometogetherforsomethinglikethis."24.HowdidMichaelmakethelargedonation?A.Heinputanincorrectamount.B.Heencounteredasystemerror.C.HewasgreatlyinspiredbyDunan.D.Heenteredwrongcreditcarddetails.25.WhydidMichael'sheartsinkaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Hesawpeopleindespair.B.Hefailedtoofferenoughmoney.C.Hedidn'treceivethefullrefund.D.Herealizedthescaleofhismistake.26.WhatmotivatedMichaeltosharethestoryonsocialmedia?A.Dunan'srequestforpublicity.B.Adesireforpersonalrecognition.C.Theorganization'surgentneedforfunds.D.Pressurefromhisfamilyandfriends.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.D.Agoodbeginningishalfofvictory.[B篇大意]本文是一篇記敘文。主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì)。文章主要敘述了主人公Michael輸錯(cuò)捐款金額后將故事分享到網(wǎng)上,結(jié)果吸引了更多人關(guān)注孟加拉國(guó)的災(zāi)情,募集到了更多的資金。24.A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Michael的信用卡號(hào)開頭數(shù)字是4和1。他顯然是在光標(biāo)還停留在捐款金額那--欄的時(shí)候就開始輸人自己的信用卡號(hào)了,所以最后的金額由原來計(jì)劃的150美元變成了15041美元。25.D[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,在Michael準(zhǔn)備給Dunan打電話解釋之前,該慈善團(tuán)體的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理Chandra在Facebook感謝了他。他還看到許多照片,照片里人們舉著感謝Michael的標(biāo)牌。因此,此時(shí)他認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的大筆捐款產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,所以開始后悔自已申請(qǐng)退款的舉動(dòng)。26.C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,Michael是在Dunan告訴了他這個(gè)團(tuán)體急需資金之后決定在網(wǎng)上分享這件事的。27.B[解析]主旨大意題。本文主要敘述了Michael為什么一開始決定捐款、捐款金額有誤的原因以及后續(xù)如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。故事始于Michael一個(gè)人的善意,結(jié)尾時(shí)3700多人都加人了捐款活動(dòng),短時(shí)間內(nèi)就籌集到了大筆資金。因此,B項(xiàng)“眾人拾柴火焰高”正確。廣東省金太陽(yáng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期百校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題BWhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardof-hearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.“Whattheyweredoingatthetimewasholdingballonstofeelthevibrations(震動(dòng))throughtheirfingers,”Belquersaid.Hethoughttheteamcouldmakesomethingtohelphard-of-hearingpeopleenjoylivemusicevenmorewiththetechnologynowavailable.Belquer,whoisalsoamusicianandtheaterartist,isnowthe"ChiefVibrationOfficer"ofMusic:NotImpossible,whichusesnewtechnologytoaddresssocialissueslikepovertyanddisabilityaccess.Histeamstartedbytyingdifferentvibratingcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn'tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.Eventually,theyworkedwithengineerstodevelopalighthaptic(觸覺的)suitwithatotalof24vibratingplates.Thereare20ofthemtiedtoavestthatfitstightlyaroundthebodylikeahikingbackpack,plusonethattiestoeachwristandankle,Whenyouwearthesuit,it'ssurprisinghowitfeels.ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe'redoingisSelectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,”saidtheDJ.Thehapticsuitswerejustonecomponentoftheevent.TherewereAmericanSignLanguageinterpreters;themusicwascaptionedonascreenonthestage.Thesuitsarethestarattraction.LilyLipman,whohasauditoryprocessingdisorder,itupwhenaskedaboutherexperience.“It'scool,becauseI'mneverquitesureifI'mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit'samazingtogetthemusicinmybody.”24.WhatsurprisedBelqueraboutpeoplewithhearingproblems?A.Theattitudetheyheldtolife.B.Thewaytheyenjoyedmusic.C.Thelovetheyhadforballoons.D.Thefrequencytheyvibratedfingers.25.Whydidtheteam'sinitialattemptfail?A.Thevibrationslackedvariety.B.Themotorswerethesame.C.Themotorshardlyworked.D.Thevibrationswereirregular.26.WhatdidtheDJdo?A.Heinterpretedthesignlanguage.B.Hecaptionedthemusiconstage.C.Heselectedsuitsfortheattendees.D.Hehelpedpeoplefeelthemusic.27.WhatdoesLilyLipmanthinkofthesuit?A.Comforting.B.Challenging.C.Satisfying.D.Encouraging24—27BADCB篇：本文是一篇記敘文。音樂家Belquer和團(tuán)隊(duì)一起利用震動(dòng)原理研發(fā)設(shè)備，讓重度聽力障礙者和聾啞人也能體驗(yàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂。24.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二句可知，他們想出了欣賞音樂會(huì)的變通辦法，這讓他感到震驚。他們當(dāng)時(shí)的做法是拿著氣球，通過手指感受震動(dòng)。25.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句可知，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開始將不同的震動(dòng)手機(jī)馬達(dá)綁在人體上，但這并不奏效。震動(dòng)都是一樣的，缺乏變化。26.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第人句可知，這些震動(dòng)由一位觸覺DJ來混合，他控制著通過衣服傳來的感覺的位置、頻率和強(qiáng)度，就像音樂DJ用一種巧妙的方式混合聲音一樣。27.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，LilyLipman對(duì)這種觸感套裝很滿意。江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月大聯(lián)考BWhenFionaAllenwasseven,herparentstookhertothetheatretoseeaproductionTheHouseatPoohCorner.Instantly,Allenfellinlove.Butalthoughshetookpartinschoolandcollegeplays,sheneverthoughtitcouldleadtoacareer.Instead,shestudiedbusinessatuniversity,workingfortheLandRegisterofScotlanduntilsheretiredin2012.Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新點(diǎn)燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席創(chuàng)作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.InterestgrewandAllensetuphergroup—theMeadowsMummers—asacharity,toattractwidersupportanddonations.Itsfirstperformancewasin2015,attheMeadowsfestivalinEdinburgh.Thingssnowballedfromthere.AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.Morerecently,lifecircumstanceshavemadeperformingdifficult.“I’vehadhealthproblems.”Shesaysthat,attimes,shehasconsideredgivingup,butgetstoomuchjoyfromdoingittostop.“We’vejustdoneoneperformancethisyearbutI’mreallyexcitedthatwe’regettingreadyformorefestivalsnextyear.”Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不覺產(chǎn)生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.“Justbecauseyou’vereached60,itdoesn’tmeanthedrawbridgehasbeenpulledup,”saysAllen.24.WhydidAllenstudytheatreandperformanceafterretirement?A.Toearnadegree. B.Totakeupherinterest.C.Topleaseherparents. D.Tofindabetterjob.25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningmumming?A.Itsfeatures. B.Itshistory. C.Itssignificance. D.Itsprospect.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snowballed”inparagraph3mean?A.Developed. B.Collapsed. C.Stuck. D.Froze.27.WhatdoesAllenintendtotellusbytheencounter?A.Artislong,lifeisshort. B.Romanwasnotbuiltinaday.C.Wherethere’sawill,thereisaway. D.Weshouldtrytoliveinthemoment.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了FionaAllen退休后重拾以前的興趣，參加了一個(gè)民間戲劇研討會(huì)，隨著興趣的增長(zhǎng)，艾倫成立了她的團(tuán)體——梅多斯戲迷——作為一個(gè)慈善組織，以吸引更廣泛的支持和捐贈(zèng)。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新點(diǎn)燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.(她最近的空閑時(shí)間重新點(diǎn)燃了幾十年前的火花。“我仍然想用我的大腦做點(diǎn)什么，所以我回到大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)戲劇和表演，”艾倫說)”可知，艾倫退休后學(xué)習(xí)戲劇和表演是為了重拾興趣。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席創(chuàng)作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.(那一年，她參加了一個(gè)民間戲劇研討會(huì)，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種古老的蒙面表演——戴面具化裝表演（mumming），男演員穿梭于村莊，表演簡(jiǎn)單的戲劇，通常以換取食物或住所?！斑@是一個(gè)比傳統(tǒng)戲劇更簡(jiǎn)單的故事。它有一個(gè)中心沖突，而不是緩慢的角色發(fā)展。它根植于歷史，包含更多的即興創(chuàng)作，因?yàn)閼騽】偸菫楫?dāng)?shù)赜^眾量身定制，”艾倫說)”可知，第二段主要講了戴面具化裝表演（mumming）的特點(diǎn)。故選A?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.(除了在蘇格蘭中部巡回演出外，該團(tuán)隊(duì)還參加了2016年在格洛斯特郡舉行的國(guó)際戴面具化裝表演研討會(huì)和非大會(huì)，并了解了更多關(guān)于民間戲劇的歷史)”可知，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)得到了很大發(fā)展，去了很多地方演出。故劃線詞意思是“發(fā)展”，故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”(30多年前的一次經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力。她說：“我在南斯拉夫的一個(gè)國(guó)家公園里，看到一個(gè)女人聚精會(huì)神地盯著這條綠色的河流。”“她告訴我她快要失明了，希望這條河成為她見過的最后一條美麗的東西”)”以及“Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不覺產(chǎn)生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.(每當(dāng)疑慮襲來時(shí)，艾倫就會(huì)回憶起那次遭遇，并感到被迫繼續(xù)用雙手抓住生活)”可推知，艾倫想通過這次相遇告訴我們：我們應(yīng)該努力活在當(dāng)下。故選D。江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考BIusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...Ourjeepmovedslowlyalongthetoo-hot-to-touchsand.Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.Withnosuppliesavailablewithinthepark—itwasasortofnoman’slandwhichwasinhabitedbytheoccasionalcow—itisnecessarytobringallyourfuel,foodandwaterwithyou.Wecampedinasmallplaceinthecenterofthewoods.Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown,shadewasinscantsupply,soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree.Asthesunset,wedrovetowardsthewateringholeafewmilesaway,andwereremindedjustwhywe’dchosentospendweekssufferingthisexerciseonourselves.Alonelionpausedhislappingtoacknowledgeourarrival.Heyawned,andthencarriedondrinking.Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep,wefelthisshoutingasmuchasheardit.ThosevastAfricanskiesofferedtheonlyindicationthattheoutsideworldhadn’tcometoastateofquietness,asbrightsatellitewhippedacrosstheblackness.Inthemorningwesawthatthelionhadwalkedintheroadovernight,hispawprintspressedintoyesterday’styretracks.Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.HeisnowlivinginBotswana.B.HeenjoysthewildnessofnatureC.Hesleptinahotelatnight.D.Hedidn’ttakeenoughfoodandwater.25.Whatdidtheythinkoftheirjourney?A.Cozyandsafe B.ScaryandannoyingC.Amazingandtough D.Pleasantandeasy26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inparagraph4mean?A.inadequate B.unbending C.abundant D.ready27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShiningStarsandALoneLionB.MyGreatEscapeintotheWildC.TravellingintheSouthernAfricaD.CampinginToo-Hot-to-TouchSand【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，這個(gè)旅途上很艱苦，但是自然美景吸引他們勇敢地繼續(xù)前進(jìn)．【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(曾經(jīng)住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奧斯卡一起回到博茨瓦納參觀了卡拉哈里中央野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。為什么？因?yàn)闆]有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣)”可知，他到博茨瓦納參觀，并且喜歡大自然的野性。根據(jù)第二段中“Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.(干熱酷熱難耐，唯一的休息就是用我們珍貴的水做短暫的水桶淋浴。)”可知，他水充足。根據(jù)第五段中“Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep(那天晚上，我們睡在吉普車的車頂上)”可知，他晚上不睡在旅館里。故選B。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.(沒有空調(diào)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)隨時(shí)都可能出故障，這是一項(xiàng)艱巨的工作。)”可知，旅行艱難；第一段中“Becausethere'snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness…(因?yàn)闆]有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣……)”以及最后一段“Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.(我們?cè)谏碁┥暇徛靶?，開始了另一個(gè)早晨；又是變幻的風(fēng)景和原始、野性之美的一天；又是一個(gè)被流星照亮的夜晚。)”由此可知非洲大草原的神奇。故選C。【26題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞前的“Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown(在旱季最盛的時(shí)候，樹上的葉子都掉了下來)”和后面的“soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree(所以我們把自己放在一棵沒有葉子的樹旁邊)”可知，在旱季最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候，樹上的葉子都掉了，樹蔭不足。由此可見，scant意為“不足的”。A.inadequate不充足；B.unbending不彎曲；C.abundant充足；D.ready準(zhǔn)備好的。故選A?！?7題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(我曾經(jīng)住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奧斯卡一起回到博茨瓦納參觀了卡拉哈里中央野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。為什么？因?yàn)闆]有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣……)可知，本文講述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，這個(gè)旅途上很艱苦，但是自然美景吸引他們勇敢地繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。B選項(xiàng)“MyGreatEscapeintotheWild(我的荒野大逃亡)”，符合題意，其它選項(xiàng)都是以偏概全。故選B。浙江省強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考BAdoctorwalkedintoanoperatingroomwhereanoperationwasbeingperformed.Everythingseemedtobegoingwell,butthedoctornoticedthatnoonewaswearingafacemask.Hewassurprised--wearingafacemaskisabasichospitalprocedure.Buthedidn’tsayanything.Theoperationwasasuccess,butafewdayslaterthepatientcamedownwithafever.Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.Gawandeisadoctorhimself,andinhisresearchhesuggeststhatifsurgeonsrunthroughasimplechecklistbeforeeveryoperation,thenliveswillbesaved.Andhe’sgotthenumberstoproveit.In2001,anexperimentatanAmericanhospitalrequireddoctorstouseafive-pointchecklistbeforetheycarriedoutspecificprocedures.Thechecklistwasjustalistofroutinethingsdoctorshouldnormallydowithoutthinking--wearinglatexgloves,washingtheirhandsbeforeandaftereverypatient,andsoon.Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.Inhisstudy,Gawandelooksatotherprofessions,too,tosupporthisargumentthatchecklistsreduceaccidentsandimprovesuccessrates.Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.Peoplewoulddemandthatofficialslookintotheseeventsimmediately.Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.24.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphinthistextisto________.A.introducetheoriginoftheideaforGawande’sstudyB.explaintheimportanceofthebasichospitalprocedureC.explorethecausesofinfectionsamongpatientsinhospitalsD.emphasizetheurgencyofprovidingrelevanttrainingtodoctors25.Whatarethetwoexperimentsinparagraph2intendedtoprove?A.Youngmedicalstaffneedtofollowthechecklists.B.Checklistsarenecessaryforhospitalsinparticular.C.Hospitalsarerequiredtomaintaingoodmanagement.D.Medicalinfectionscanbereducedbyobservingasetofrules.26.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Aircrasheshardlyoccurredwiththebasicprocedures.B.Gawandeintendstopromotehisideatootherprofessions.C.Highbuildingsmaycollapseduetoengineers’miscalculations.D.Itisamustforapilotorengineertousetheirchecklists.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGawande’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Approving. D.Doubtful.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。講述了醫(yī)生AtulGawande受到一個(gè)醫(yī)療事件的啟發(fā)，著手研究如何通過嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作程序清單提升醫(yī)療服務(wù)及其對(duì)其他行業(yè)的重要性?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.”（結(jié)果她得了嚴(yán)重的感染，可能是因?yàn)獒t(yī)生和護(hù)士沒有遵守一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則。）及第二段第一句“AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.”（AtulGawande對(duì)這個(gè)故事很感興趣，并開展了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于清單對(duì)提高醫(yī)院服務(wù)的重要性的研究。）可知，第一段描述的醫(yī)療事故激發(fā)了AtulGawande去研究嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作程序清單的重要性，故第一段介紹了AtulGawande的研究想法的來源。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.”（通過確保遵守清單，在27個(gè)月的實(shí)驗(yàn)中幾乎沒有感染，他們估計(jì)大約有8條生命得救。當(dāng)這份清單在密歇根州的醫(yī)院再次進(jìn)行測(cè)試時(shí)，感染率下降了66%。）可知，這兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)都表明嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作程序清單可以減少醫(yī)療事故，提高手術(shù)成功率。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.”（他指出，像工程師和飛行員這樣的人一直在使用清單，他舉出了一些很好的例子。）及第三四句“Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.”（想象一下，一架飛機(jī)因?yàn)轱w行員沒有遵守基本程序而墜毀。假設(shè)一座摩天大樓因?yàn)楣こ處焸兺涀鲆恍┲匾挠?jì)算而倒塌。）可知，Gawande發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴(yán)格遵守操作程序?qū)ζ渌袠I(yè)的重要性。像工程師及飛行員等職業(yè)稍一疏忽就會(huì)造成重大的事故，故飛行員或工程師必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作程序清單。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.”（Gawande的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非常有趣，受到了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。它提醒我們，有時(shí)候避免犯錯(cuò)最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是遵循一套非常簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則。這與我們所有人都相關(guān)，而不僅僅是醫(yī)生。）可知，作者認(rèn)為Gawande的研究非常有價(jià)值，對(duì)其持認(rèn)可的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考BTheSouthBronxisoneofthepoorestandmostpollutedplacesinAmerica,withsmog-chokedfreewaysandsmellywastewatertreatmentplants.“We’readumpingground,”O(jiān)marexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.“Alotofwhatpeoplethrowawayisperfectlygood,”hesays.“Justlookatthatstufffromconstructionsites—doors,sinks,toilets.Peoplewillbuythosethings.It’sonlycalledgarbagebecausesomebodythrewitaway.”O(jiān)marwasjustoutofcollegeandworkingforanenvironmentalgroupcalledSustainableSouthBronxwhenhestartedconsideringhowtogetthis“goodgarbage”topeoplewhocoulduseit.Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.InApril2008,Omar’scooperative,ReBuildersSource,openeditsbusinessandbegansellingconstructionsupplies—atreasonableprices—toneighborhoodbuildersandhomeowners.Withthehelpofcityofficials,healsobeganplanninganewtrainingprogramtohelplocalresidentslearntheskillstogetgoodjobsthathelptheenvironmentandevenstarttheirowncooperatives.Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.“Ifyouhaveauseforsomething,”O(jiān)marsays,“it’snolongerwaste.”24.WhyistheSouthBronxmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toarousereaders’interest. B.Toserveasthebackgroundinformation.C.Tocontrastwiththeotherdistricts. D.Tointroduceafamousplace.25.WhichwasNotthereasonforOmar’screatingacooperativebusiness?A.Toprovidejobsforlocalpeople. B.Todealwithdumpedrubbish.C.Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors. D.Tomakemoneyfromgarbage.26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeOmar?A.Idealisticandbusiness-minded. B.Creativeandaction-oriented.C.Practicalandself-focused. D.Devotedandiron-hearted.27.WhichsayingmightinterpretOmar’saction?A.Knowledgestartswithpractice. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Foureyesseemorethantwo. D.Killtwobirdswithonestone.【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。南布朗克斯是美國(guó)最貧窮、污染最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)之一，這里是一個(gè)垃圾傾倒地，剛剛大學(xué)畢業(yè)的奧馬爾想到創(chuàng)建合作企業(yè)來為當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┚蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)、處理傾倒的垃圾和從垃圾中獲利?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““We’readumpingground,”O(jiān)marexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”(“我們是一個(gè)垃圾場(chǎng)，”奧馬爾解釋說。“紐約市其他地方的垃圾都被送到了這里。”)”和第三段開頭“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奧馬爾開始用一種不同的方式看待垃圾)”可知后續(xù)內(nèi)容要描述奧馬爾如何利用這個(gè)地方的垃圾，所以第一段的內(nèi)容是背景信息。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(與其毀掉舊東西，為什么不把它們清理干凈再賣掉呢？為什么不雇社區(qū)里人來做這項(xiàng)工作呢？更好的是，為什么不讓這個(gè)企業(yè)成為“合作社”，這意味著在企業(yè)工作的人擁有它并分享利潤(rùn)?)”可知奧馬爾創(chuàng)建合作企業(yè)的原因包括處理傾倒的垃圾、為當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┚蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)并從垃圾中獲得利潤(rùn)，C選項(xiàng)“Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors.(促進(jìn)鄰里和睦相處)”未提及。故選C。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奧馬爾開始用一種不同的方式看待垃圾)”和“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(與其毀掉舊東西，為什么不把它們清理干凈再賣掉呢？為什么不雇社區(qū)里的人來做這項(xiàng)工作呢？更好的是，為什么不讓這個(gè)企業(yè)成為“合作社”，這意味著在企業(yè)工作的人擁有它并分享利潤(rùn)?)”可推測(cè)出奧馬爾是一個(gè)“有創(chuàng)造力的”人。根據(jù)第四段“Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.(以此為基礎(chǔ)，奧馬爾創(chuàng)辦了國(guó)內(nèi)第一家致力于建筑垃圾再利用的合作社。為了創(chuàng)業(yè)，奧馬爾在卡車堵塞、垃圾遍地的社區(qū)街道上張貼傳單，尋找能和他一起工作的人。他很快就找到了另外四名敬業(yè)的工人。他們租了一個(gè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)，開始尋找二手材料的捐贈(zèng))”可知，奧馬爾執(zhí)行力很強(qiáng)，是一個(gè)“行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向的”人。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.(工人們接受過仔細(xì)拆卸建筑物的培訓(xùn)，這樣門窗之類的東西就可以重復(fù)使用，而不是被打碎送到垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。以這種方式解構(gòu)建筑可以成為一個(gè)巨大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，為需要它們的人提供許多好工作)”并結(jié)合上下文，奧馬爾看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用這些垃圾創(chuàng)業(yè)的想法。在他的努力下，垃圾得到重復(fù)使用，同時(shí)給當(dāng)?shù)氐娜颂峁┝司蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，所以“一舉兩得”可以解釋奧馬爾的行為。故選D。浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考BNicoleLathamisa21-year-oldlawstudentfromUniversityofLeeds.Whenshe’snotstudyingforherdegree,Nicolecompetesinweightliftingcompetitions.Shealsodoesagoodjobinkarate.Ontopofgymandmartialarts,Nicoleisalsoinandoutofthedoctor’soffice.Shewasdiagnosed(診斷)withmultiplesclerosis(MS),araredisease,ayearago.ThefirstattackhappenedwhileshewaspreparingforherA-Levels,ahugelystressfultimeformanystudents.Andatthetime,allshethoughtaboutwas:stress.Butitturnedouttobevertigo(眩暈)andlikelythefirstMSattack.Nicolecarriedonpreparingforherexams.Shesatwithoneeyeclosedtoimprovehervisionwhichwasdamagedfromhervertigoexperience.Thatwaswhenshedecidedtoactandheadbacktothedoctor’soffice.Shetooklo