2025新人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Unit8知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理及語(yǔ)法講義(學(xué)生版)

Unit8Onceuponatime!知識(shí)點(diǎn)與語(yǔ)法精講精練詞匯梳理詞匯梳理單詞默寫(xiě)名詞：1.網(wǎng)、網(wǎng)狀物______2.獵人、搜尋者_(dá)________戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)_______4.鄰居___________5.皇帝__________6.官員、高級(jí)職員__________7.真相________8.君主、國(guó)王___________9.美術(shù)家、藝術(shù)家________10.小鴨子___________11.母雞_______12.天鵝___________13.羽毛__________14,大小、尺碼_________15.漁夫____________16.釣魚(yú)、捕魚(yú)_________17.妖怪、鬼________動(dòng)詞：1.咬、咬傷_______2.偽裝、假裝___________3.決定_________4.不喜歡、厭惡、討厭__________5.搜尋、尋找_________6.(貓愉快時(shí))發(fā)出鳴嗚聲_________7.下（蛋）、放置、擱______8.死亡、消失__________9.使處于某種狀況、使開(kāi)始__________代詞：1.某人、有人_________2.任何人、某個(gè)人__________3.他自己__________介詞：1.在...上_________副詞：1.突然地、出乎意料地__________2.快速地、很快____________3.有希望地____________形容詞：1.明智的、高明的______2.愚蠢的、傻的___________3.害怕的、擔(dān)心的________4.符合事實(shí)的、真正的___________5.丑陋的、難看的_______6.真的、真正的__________7.富有的、富含...的______8.強(qiáng)大的、有影響力的_____________兼類(lèi)詞：1.(動(dòng)詞)承諾、保證；(名詞)承諾、諾言___________(動(dòng)詞)撒謊；(名詞)謊言_________(動(dòng)詞)贊美；(名詞)表?yè)P(yáng)__________(動(dòng)詞)微笑；(名詞)微笑、笑容__________(動(dòng)詞)不喜歡、厭惡；(名詞)不喜歡（的事物）、反感__________詞形轉(zhuǎn)換Bit(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)咬(原形)___________Laid(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)下蛋(原形)__________Fisherman(名詞)漁夫(復(fù)數(shù)形式)____________(名詞)________（魚(yú)、魚(yú)肉)__(動(dòng)詞)_________（釣魚(yú)）__(名詞)__________（釣魚(yú)）__Once(副詞)一次(數(shù)詞)________（一）__Ending(名詞)結(jié)尾(動(dòng)詞)__________（結(jié)束）__Hunter(名詞)獵人(動(dòng)詞)____________（狩獵）__Caught(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)抓(原形)_____________Lost(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)迷失、丟失(原形)____________Sold(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)售賣(mài)(原形)__________Broke(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)打碎、破壞(原形)__________Yourself(反身代詞)你自己(主格/賓格)________（你）__(物主代詞)___________(你的)__Official(名詞)官員(名詞)____________（辦公室）__Said(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)說(shuō)(原形)______________Suddenly(副詞)突然(形容詞)___________（突然的）__Began(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)開(kāi)始(原形)______________Told(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)告訴(原形)______________Truth(名詞)真相、實(shí)話(形容詞)_________（真實(shí)的、正確的）__Chose(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)選擇(形容詞)____________Bought(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)買(mǎi)(原形)______________Felt(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)感覺(jué)(原形)______________Artist(名詞)藝術(shù)家(名詞)_________（美術(shù)）__Quickly(副詞)快速地(形容詞)________（快速的）__Painting(名詞)油畫(huà)(動(dòng)詞)____________（上漆、涂色）__Real(形容詞)真實(shí)的(副詞)__________（真正地）__Swam(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)游泳(原形)___________Met(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)遇見(jiàn)(原形)______________Thought(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)想、認(rèn)為(原形)__________Hopefully(副詞)滿懷希望地(形容詞)_________（充滿希望的）/_________（無(wú)望地）__(動(dòng)詞)________（希望）__Powerful(形容詞)有權(quán)利的(名詞)__________（權(quán)力、力量）__重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)小結(jié)從前、很久以前__________________2.講故事__________________3.編寫(xiě)、編造___________4.咬穿__________________5.讓...走_(dá)________6.答應(yīng)做某事________________7.很久以前__________8.回來(lái)___________________9.不得不__________10.參軍_____________

11.感到悲傷__________12.獨(dú)自的、親自的_____________13.對(duì)某人說(shuō)謊___________14.做衣服_______________15.裝作做某事__________________16.沒(méi)有人_____________17.看起來(lái)愚蠢____________18.決定做某事________________19.害怕做某事___________________20.沒(méi)穿衣服________________21.互相_____________22.說(shuō)實(shí)話__________________23.起初、最初_________24.最后______________25.賺錢(qián)______________26.通過(guò)做某事______________27.討厭做某事_______________28.走開(kāi)、離開(kāi)________________29.講有趣的故事________________30.等待...______________31.到處、遍及_________32.看起來(lái)像________________33.就像__________34.嘲笑_______________35.走開(kāi)_________36.尋找____________37.下蛋__________38.低頭看_____________39.出乎某人的意料________________40.不同于...________________41.在尺碼和顏色上__________________42.和...相似_______________43.對(duì)某人友好___________________44.只有________________45.漁網(wǎng)_____________46.出現(xiàn)、離開(kāi)______________47.準(zhǔn)備做某事_________________48.許下諾言__________________49.釋放_(tái)_________50.而不是、代替_______________51.成功做某事___________________52.最后終究_________________53.發(fā)生____________54.令人吃驚的東西________________55.一團(tuán)濃煙__________________重點(diǎn)句型小結(jié)這只老鼠咬穿了那張網(wǎng)。________________________________________獅子抓住了老師。________________________________________老鼠答應(yīng)幫助獅子。________________________________________農(nóng)民的兒子摔壞了腿。________________________________________農(nóng)民的兒子沒(méi)必要參軍了。________________________________________但是難道你不想親自讀一下嗎？________________________________________兩個(gè)兄弟來(lái)騙他。________________________________________但是只有聰明人能看見(jiàn)它們。________________________________________他們裝作在做衣服。________________________________________國(guó)王也什么都沒(méi)看到。________________________________________沒(méi)有人想看起來(lái)愚蠢。________________________________________皇帝決定給每個(gè)人看他的新衣服。________________________________________街上的人都在稱(chēng)贊它們。________________________________________他們也害怕看起來(lái)愚蠢。________________________________________大家面面相覷。________________________________________當(dāng)小孩說(shuō)實(shí)話時(shí)他們都笑了。________________________________________我們可以通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)王說(shuō)謊來(lái)賺很多錢(qián)。_________________________________________那不可能是真的。_______________________________________我討厭與眾不同。_______________________________________它答應(yīng)幫助獅子，獅子放它走了。_______________________________________通常，人們丟東西時(shí)感到悲傷。________________________________________從前，一個(gè)國(guó)王要求一名藝術(shù)家給他畫(huà)馬。_________________________________________________國(guó)王等了幾個(gè)月變得很生氣。_________________________________________但是為什么你讓我等這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。_________________________________________到處都是馬的畫(huà)。_________________________________________我花了幾個(gè)月時(shí)間才學(xué)會(huì)如何畫(huà)一匹馬。______________________________________它長(zhǎng)得不像我們。_______________________________________多愁的小鴨子啊！_______________________________________在河里這個(gè)丑小鴨游得很好，就像所有其它的小鴨子一樣。_________________________________________但是其它的小鴨子還嘲笑它讓它離開(kāi)。_________________________________________________所以它決定尋找一個(gè)新家。______________________________________________因?yàn)樗粫?huì)發(fā)出呼嚕聲或產(chǎn)蛋。_____________________________________________我希望我長(zhǎng)得像你。_____________________________________________小鴨子低下頭，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也是一只美麗的白天鵝。__________________________________________________它和它們有什么相似之處嗎？_______________________________________它們對(duì)丑小鴨友好嗎？________________________________________只有當(dāng)你發(fā)出呼嚕聲或下蛋時(shí)，才歡迎你來(lái)這里。________________________________________________我相信我可以找到適合我的地方。_________________________________________當(dāng)他打開(kāi)它時(shí)，一朵巨大的云出來(lái)了。________________________________________準(zhǔn)備死吧！_________________________________________很久以前，我許下了承諾。________________________________________如果有人放了我，我會(huì)讓他們變得富有和強(qiáng)大。______________________________________________經(jīng)過(guò)多年的等待，我變得非常憤怒。_________________________________________而不是給他們?nèi)魏螙|西。________________________________________漁夫成功自救了嗎？________________________________________最后發(fā)生了什么？________________________________________知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理SectionAWhatareyourfavouritestories?SectionAWhatrulesdowefollow?Themousebitthroughthenet.那只老鼠咬穿了網(wǎng)?！居梅ㄔ斀狻緽ite為動(dòng)詞，譯為“咬、啃、叮、刺”；其過(guò)去式為bit。Eg:Mysister’sdogbitmeyesterday.我妹妹的狗昨天咬了我。常見(jiàn)搭配：bitesb.in/on身體部位咬某人的某個(gè)部位注意：用in時(shí)表示“咬到里面”；用on時(shí)表示“咬住表面”。Eg:Thedogbitinthemeat.狗咬了一塊肉。（咬進(jìn)嘴里）Thedogbitonthebone.狗咬住了骨頭。Bite也可為名詞，譯為“咬了一口”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為bites。Eg:Hetookabiteofthecake.他吃了一口蛋糕?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Thedog_______myback.bitesonB.bitesinC.bitonD.bitinThelionletthemousego.獅子把老鼠放了?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縇et為動(dòng)詞，譯為“讓”，常常用來(lái)提出建議或請(qǐng)求。常見(jiàn)搭配：letsb.(not)dosth.讓某人（不）做某事Eg:Letmehelpyou.讓我?guī)椭惆?。Let’sgotothepark.讓我們?nèi)ス珗@吧。Lethimnotgothere.讓他不要去那里?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Let’s_____noise.don’tmakeB.aren’tmakingC.didn’tmakeD.notmakeThemousepromisedtohelpthelion.老鼠答應(yīng)幫助獅子。【用法詳解】Promise在此處為動(dòng)詞，譯為“答應(yīng)、許諾”等；常見(jiàn)搭配：promisetodosth.答應(yīng)做某事Promisesb.todosth.答應(yīng)某人做某事Promisethat從句承諾...Eg:Hepromisedtoeearly.他答應(yīng)早點(diǎn)來(lái)。Ipromisedmymothertocleantheroom.我答應(yīng)我媽媽打掃房間。Hepromisedthathewouldstudyhard.他承諾他會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)。Promise也可為名詞，譯為“諾言”。常見(jiàn)搭配：makeapromise許下諾言Keepapromise信守諾言Breakapromise違背諾言Promiseoneself指望、期待Eg:ImadeapromisetomyparentsthatIwouldstudyhard.我向父母許下承諾會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)。Healwayskeepsapromise.他總是信守諾言。Don’tbreakapromiseeasily.不要輕易違背諾言。Hepromisedhimselfagoodvacation.他期待自己有一個(gè)美好的假期?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Wepromised_______thesecret.keepB.tokeepC.keepingD.tokeeping2.如果做出了承諾，就應(yīng)該遵守。Ifyou___________________,youshouldkeepit.Thefarmer’ssonbrokehisleg.農(nóng)民的兒子摔壞了腿?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縝reak為動(dòng)詞，譯為“破壞、違背、打破、中斷”等；Eg:Thestonebrokethewindow.石頭打破了窗戶。常見(jiàn)搭配：breakinto闖入Breakout爆發(fā)Breakthrough突破Breakdown出故障、損壞Breakup破裂、分開(kāi)Eg:Thethievesbrokeintothebank.小偷闖入銀行。Thewarbrokeoutin1939.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在1939年爆發(fā)。Thescientistbrokethroughinhisresearch.科學(xué)家在他的研究領(lǐng)域取得突破。Thecarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport.車(chē)在去機(jī)場(chǎng)的路上出故障了。Theirrelationshipbrokeup.他們的關(guān)系破裂了。Break也可為名詞，譯為“休息”。常見(jiàn)搭配：haveabreak休息一下Eg:Sheistired,she’dbetterhaveabreak.她太累了，她最好休息一下。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Afire______inthebuilding.brokeoutB.brokeintoC.brokedownD.brokeup()2.Theputersystem______suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeupD.brokeintoThefarmer’ssondidn’thavetojointhewar.農(nóng)民的兒子不必參軍了。【用法詳解】Haveto譯為“不得不”，其中have可隨時(shí)態(tài)和人稱(chēng)變化，其否定形式為don’thaveto，譯為“不必”。Eg:Ifwemissedthetrain,weshouldhavetowaitanhouratthestation.如果我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了火車(chē)，我們不得不在車(chē)站等一個(gè)小時(shí)。Haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上的需要，表示由于客觀因素而不得不做某事；Eg:IhavetogonowbecauseIhaveanappointment.我必須現(xiàn)在走，因?yàn)槲矣屑s。【易混辨析】join與takepartin區(qū)別：join為動(dòng)詞，譯為“參加；加入”，常指加入某一組織，并成為其中一員。Takepartin，譯為“參加；加入”，常指參加某種活動(dòng)，并起積極作用。Eg:DoyourememberwhenyoujoinedtheParty?你記得你什么時(shí)候入黨的嗎？Weshouldtakepartinschoolactivities.我們應(yīng)該參加學(xué)校的活動(dòng)?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Shewill______theYoungPioneers.joinB.joinsC.takepartinD.takespartin()2.Theteachersaidwe______finishourhomeworkontime.mustB.havetoC.mustn’tD.don’thavetoButdon’tyouwanttoreaditbyyourself?但是難道你不想親自讀一下嗎？【用法詳解】yourself為反身代詞，譯為“你自己”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為yourselves，譯為“你們自己”。短語(yǔ)byoneself譯為“獨(dú)自地、親自地”等；常用來(lái)表示某人獨(dú)立地做某事或獨(dú)處。在句中常常位于動(dòng)詞之后作賓語(yǔ)。Eg:Icookeddinnerbymyself.我獨(dú)自做晚飯。Hebuiltthetreehousebyhimself.她獨(dú)自建造了這個(gè)樹(shù)屋?！疽谆毂嫖觥縪foneself、byoneself、foroneself、inoneself區(qū)別Ofoneself譯為“自發(fā)地、自動(dòng)地”Byoneself譯為“獨(dú)自一人、獨(dú)立地”Foroneself譯為“為自己”Inoneself譯為“就其本身而言”Eg:Shewokeupofherself.她自己醒來(lái)的。Sheusedtositbyherselfandread.她從前常常獨(dú)自坐著看書(shū)。Youshouldworkouttheproblemforyourself.你應(yīng)該獨(dú)立解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Thewoodishardinitself.這種木頭本身是硬的?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Ifshedidn’tfitthetask,shewillbeleave_______.bysheB.byherC.byherselfD.byhers()2.Iamsureyoucan’tpossiblycarryallthat_____.Letmehelpyou.foryourselfB.ofyourselfC.inyourselfD.byyourselfTwobrotherscameandliedtohim.兩個(gè)兄弟來(lái)騙他?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縇ie在此處為動(dòng)詞，譯為“說(shuō)謊、躺、位于、擺放”；注意：lie在譯為“躺、擺放”時(shí)，其過(guò)去式為lay，過(guò)去分詞為lain；Lie在譯為“說(shuō)謊”時(shí)，其過(guò)去式為lied；過(guò)去分詞為lied；常見(jiàn)搭配：lietosb.對(duì)某人說(shuō)話Liedown躺下Eg:Heliedtome.他對(duì)我說(shuō)話。Shelayonthebedalldayyesterday.她昨天整天躺在床上。Thevillageliesinasmallforest.村莊位于一座小森林里。Lie也可為名詞，譯為“謊話”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為lies。常見(jiàn)搭配：tellalie/lies說(shuō)謊Eg:Idothinkthathedoesn’ttellalie.我真的相信他沒(méi)有說(shuō)謊?！局R(shí)拓展】Lay除了是lie的過(guò)去式外，也可譯為“產(chǎn)卵、安排、鋪設(shè)”等，此時(shí)其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為laid。Eg:Mycanaryhaslaidanegg.我的金絲雀下了一個(gè)蛋。Layoutthetableclothonthetable.把桌布鋪在桌子上。Amancametolaythecarpet.一名男子來(lái)鋪地毯。常見(jiàn)搭配：laythetable擺設(shè)餐桌Layoff解雇Eg:Pleasehelpmelaythetable.請(qǐng)幫我擺桌子。Sotheyhadtolayoffathirdofthepeople.所以公司不得不解雇三分之一的人。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Heaskedmeto______thetablewhilehehimself______inbed.lay;liedB.lay;layC.lied;laidD.lay;laid()2.Theboy_____tohismotherthatblackhen_____twoeggsinthecorner.lied;hadlaidB.lay;layC.lied;lainD.laid;lainButonlycleverpeoplecanseethem.但是只有聰明人能看到它們。

【用法詳解】Clever為形容詞，譯為“聰明的、巧妙的”等。Eg:Heisacleverstudent.他是一個(gè)聰明的學(xué)生。Theplanwasveryclever.這個(gè)計(jì)劃非常巧妙。常見(jiàn)搭配：cleverat擅長(zhǎng)某種技能或活動(dòng)；Cleverin在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域或方面聰明；Cleverwith擅長(zhǎng)使用某種工具或技能；Cleverdick賣(mài)弄聰明Eg:Heiscleveratmath.他很擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)。Sheiscleverinart.她在藝術(shù)方面很聰明。Heiscleverwithtools.他擅長(zhǎng)使用工具。Heisacleverdick.他喜歡賣(mài)弄聰明?！疽谆毂嫖觥縞lever和smart區(qū)別Clever更側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)天生的智力或思維敏捷，常用來(lái)形容學(xué)習(xí)、理解或解決問(wèn)題方面具有出色能力；smart則側(cè)重于形容某人在應(yīng)對(duì)各種情況時(shí)表現(xiàn)出的機(jī)智、精明或有策略。Eg:Youreallyarequiteacleverlittleboy.你真是個(gè)聰明的小家伙。Youlookverysmartinthatsuit.你穿上這套衣服顯得很精神?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Sheisveryclever_____solvingpuzzles.atB.inC.withD.of()2.Sallyisvery______,sheknowshowtowork______.smart;smart;B.smart;cleverC.clever;cleverD.clever;smartTheypretendtomaketheclothes.他們裝作在制作衣服?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縫retend為動(dòng)詞，譯為“假裝、裝作”。常見(jiàn)搭配：pretend(not)todosth.裝作（不）做某事Pretendtobedoingsth.裝作正在做某事Pretendtobe+名詞/形容詞裝作是...Pretendthat從句裝作...Eg:Hepretendedtobereadingabookwhenhismothercamein.他假裝在看書(shū)，當(dāng)他媽媽進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)。Hepretendedtobeadoctor.他假裝是醫(yī)生。Hepretendedthathedidn’tseemewhenIpassedby.當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，他假裝沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)我。Hepretendednottohaveheardaboutit.他假裝沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Don’tpretend______whatyoudon’tknow.knowB.toknowC.knowingD.toknowing()2.Heoftenpretends______whenwecamein.toworkB.tobeworkingC.toworkingD.tobeworkWhatlovelyclothes!多么可愛(ài)的衣服啊！【用法詳解】感嘆句的表達(dá)How+形容詞(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！)=What(+a/an)+名詞(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！)注意：我們可以通過(guò)找句子的主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)來(lái)判斷用how還是what開(kāi)頭：將句子的主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)去掉，看看還有沒(méi)有名詞，有名詞用what開(kāi)頭，沒(méi)名詞用how開(kāi)頭。Eg:Howcleversheis!=Whataclevergirlsheis!多聰明的女孩?。owfastheruns!他跑得多快?。　炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.______wonderfulYangLiping’sdanceis!WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()2.______interestingbookitis!WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan()3.______goodadvicetheteachergaveme!WhatB.WhataC.HowD.HowaNoonewantedtolooksilly.沒(méi)有人想看起來(lái)愚蠢?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縉oone譯為“沒(méi)有人、任何人”，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。Eg:Noonecametothepartylastnight.昨晚沒(méi)有人來(lái)參加派對(duì)。Sheisnoonetobetrifledwith.她不是可以輕視的人?！疽谆毂嫖觥縩oone和none區(qū)別Noone指代一個(gè)群體或類(lèi)別中不存在某種特征或品質(zhì)的成員，只能用來(lái)指人，不可與of連用；None即可用來(lái)之人也可用來(lái)指物，后面常接of，構(gòu)成“noneof+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。二者作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。Eg:Nooneenjoysthismovie,it’stooboring.沒(méi)有人喜歡這部電影，它太無(wú)聊了。Therearemanybooksonmyshelf,butnoneofthemareuptodate.書(shū)架上的書(shū)不少但都是過(guò)時(shí)的?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Aftertheexam,Iaskedmyclassmateshowtheydid.But______answered.noneB.nooneC.nobodyD.nothing()2.Aswewereasleep,_____ofusheardthesound.noneB.nooneC.allD.bothTheemperordecidedtoshoweveryonehisnewclothes.皇帝決定給每個(gè)人看看他的新衣?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縟ecide為動(dòng)詞，譯為“決定”；常見(jiàn)搭配：decidetodosth.決定做某事Decidethat從句決定...Decideon/uponsth.決定某事Eg:Idecidedtogototheparty.我決定去參加聚會(huì)。Hedecidedthathewasright.他斷定他是對(duì)的。Wedecidedonadateforthemeeting.我們決定了會(huì)議的日期。Decide的名詞形式為decision，譯為“決定”。常見(jiàn)搭配：makeadecision做出決定Eg:It’stimetomakeadecisionontheproject.是時(shí)候?qū)@個(gè)項(xiàng)目做出決定了?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Theydecided______toBeijingonFriday.goB.goingC.togoD.togoing2.Thebottomlineisthatwehavetomakea_________(decide)today.Peopleinthestreetpraisedthem.街上的人都在稱(chēng)贊他們?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縫raise為動(dòng)詞，譯為“表?yè)P(yáng)、贊揚(yáng)”等；常見(jiàn)搭配：praisesb./sth.(forsth.)因某事贊揚(yáng)某人Eg:Today,theteacherpraisedthestudentsfortheirperformance.今天，老師稱(chēng)贊了同學(xué)們的表現(xiàn)。praise也可為名詞，譯為“贊美、表?yè)P(yáng)、稱(chēng)贊”等。常見(jiàn)搭配：inpraiseof...贊美...Eg:Hisparentsarefullofpraisefortheprogresshe’smaking.他的父母對(duì)他取得的進(jìn)步贊不絕口。PeoplewrotemanypoemsinpraiseofourbelovedPremierZhou.人們寫(xiě)了許多詩(shī)詞歌頌我們敬愛(ài)的周總理?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Thecoach_____theplayerforhishardworkduringthetraining.decidedB.praisedC.excusedD.blamed()2.Peoplepraisedhim_____savingthechildinthewater.inB.atC.forD.toTheywereafraidtolooksillytoo.他們也害怕看起來(lái)愚蠢?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縜fraid為形容詞，譯為“害怕的、擔(dān)心的”，常跟系動(dòng)詞連用。Eg:Don’tbeafraid.別怕。I’mafraidIcan’tpasstheexam.恐怕我不能通過(guò)考試。常見(jiàn)搭配：beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事（因擔(dān)心可能會(huì)發(fā)生某事）Beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）Eg:Iwasafraidofhurtingherfeelings.我怕傷了她的感情。I’mafraidtotellher.我不敢告訴她。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Mylittledaughterisafraid______outatnightalone.goB.togoC.goesD.going()2.Heisafraid______infrontofhisclassmates.tospeakB.ofspeakC.tospeakingD.speakEveryonelookedatoneanother.每個(gè)人都面面相覷?！疽谆毂嫖觥縪neanother和eachother區(qū)別Oneanother譯為“互相”，常用于描述三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的相互關(guān)系；Eachother譯為“互相”，常用于兩人之間的相互關(guān)系。Eg:Thethreefriendsrespectedoneanother.這三個(gè)朋友互相尊重。MarkandMandysmiledateachother.馬克和曼迪相互笑了笑?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Weshouldhelp_______.eachotherB.oneanotherC.everyotherD.anotheroneTheylaughedwhenaboytoldthetruth.當(dāng)男孩說(shuō)實(shí)話時(shí)他們笑了。知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：【用法詳解】知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：Laugh為動(dòng)詞，譯為“笑”；Eg:Thechildrenalllaughedloudly.所有的孩子都大聲笑了。常見(jiàn)搭配：laughatsb.嘲笑某人Eg:Don’tlaughatothers’mistakes.不要嘲笑別人的錯(cuò)誤。laugh的名詞形式為laughter，譯為“笑聲”。Eg:Theroomwasfilledwithlaughter.房間里充滿了笑聲。【易混辨析】laugh與smile區(qū)別laugh指因喜悅、愉快或輕視而出聲的笑，通常是大笑；smile指面露微笑，側(cè)重于無(wú)聲，主要用于表達(dá)開(kāi)心、友好或禮貌的情感。Eg:Shealwaysmakesmelaugh.她總是讓我發(fā)笑。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：Hesmiled,hiseyesfulloflaughter.他露出了笑容，雙眼也滿含著笑意。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：Truth為名詞，譯為“真相、事實(shí)、真理”；常見(jiàn)搭配：tellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話、講真話Intruth真實(shí)地、實(shí)在Thetruthof......的真相Totellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話Eg:Imusttellyouthetruthaboutthis.我必須告訴你這件事的真相。Intruth,wewerebothunhappy.事實(shí)上，我們倆都不高興。Thetruthofthematteris...事情的真相是...Totellthetruth,Ifellasleepinthemiddleofhertalk.說(shuō)實(shí)話，我在她講話過(guò)程中睡著了。Truth的形容詞形式為true，譯為“真實(shí)的、真正的”。Eg:Truefriendshipisworthmorethanmoney.真正的友誼比金錢(qián)更有價(jià)值?！疽谆毂嫖觥縯rue和real區(qū)別true強(qiáng)調(diào)符合事實(shí)，是真的，而不是假的或編造的，與“假”相對(duì)；real強(qiáng)調(diào)人或事物真實(shí)存在，而不是想象的或是虛構(gòu)的，與“無(wú)”相對(duì)。Eg:Thatmayormaynotbetrue.這可能是真的，也可能不是。Realpowerbelongstothefew.真正的權(quán)力掌握在少數(shù)人手中。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Mr.Greenishumorous(幽默的),soheoftenmakesus____inclass.laughB.laughterC.smileD.laughat()2.LuXun’s______nameisZhouShuren,thenewsabouthimisnot______.real;realB.real;trueC.true;trueD.true;real3.Totellthe________(true),I’llbegladtogethome.“Wecanmakealotofmoneybylyingtotheemperor.”oneofthebrotherssaid.“我們可以通過(guò)騙他賺很多錢(qián)。”一個(gè)兄弟說(shuō)到。知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：【用法詳解】知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：By為介詞，譯為“通過(guò)”，也可譯為“由、被”常見(jiàn)搭配：bydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事Eg:Hepassedtheexambystudyinghard.他通過(guò)努力學(xué)習(xí)通過(guò)了考試。ThebookiswrittenbyLuXun.這本書(shū)是魯迅寫(xiě)的。By也可為副詞，譯為“經(jīng)過(guò)、在旁邊”。Eg:Iwalkedbythepark.我經(jīng)過(guò)公園。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：Hesatbythewindow.他坐在窗戶旁邊。知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：“Oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，譯為“...之一”；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Eg:OneofthechildrenisfromEngland.孩子之一來(lái)自英國(guó)?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.ShelearntEnglish_______Englishmovies.bywatchB.bywatchingC.withwatchingD.ofwatching()2.Thisbeautifulpaintingwasdone_____Jane.byB.withC.forD.of()3.Oneofmy______ingtovisitme.friendisB.friendsisC.friendsareD.friend;areIhatetobedifferent.我討厭與眾不同。【用法詳解】Hate為動(dòng)詞，譯為“討厭、厭惡”。常見(jiàn)搭配：hatesb./sth.討厭某人/某物Hatetodosth.不想做某事Hatedoingsth.討厭做某事Eg:Ihatehim.我討厭他。Ihatetointerrupt,butit’stimeweleft.我不想打擾，但是我們離開(kāi)的時(shí)間到了。Ihatespeakinginpublic.我討厭在公共場(chǎng)合說(shuō)話?！疽谆毂嫖觥縣ate與dislike區(qū)別hate通常帶有更強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)面情感，表達(dá)清冽的憎恨或不滿，其反義詞為love；Dislike則表示一種較輕的不喜歡或反感，，情感上沒(méi)那么強(qiáng)烈，其反義詞為like。Eg:Ihatehispolicy.我討厭他的政策。Idislikespring.我不喜歡春天?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.He_______takingbus,becausehe_____theGasolineodor(汽油味).dislikes;hates;B.dislikes;dislikesC.hates;dislikesD.hates;hatesThekingwaitedforafewmonthsbeforehegrewangry.國(guó)王等了幾個(gè)月變得很生氣。【用法詳解】wait為動(dòng)詞，譯為“等待、等候”。常見(jiàn)搭配：wait(for)sb./sth.等待某人/某物Waittodosth.等待做某事Waitforsb.todosth.等待某人做某事Waitinline排隊(duì)等候Waitone’sturn等待輪到自己Waitaminute/moment等一下、稍等片刻Can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事Eg:Iamwaitingformyfriend.我在等我的朋友。Sheiswaitingtohearthenews.她在等待聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息。Iamwaitingforhimtocallmeback.我在等他給我回。Wehadtowaitinlinefortickets.我們不得不排隊(duì)買(mǎi)票。Don’tbeimpatient,waityourturn.別不耐煩，等著輪到你。Waitaminute,I’lljustgetmykeys.等一下，我拿一下鑰匙。Ican’twaittogoonvacation.我迫不及待地想要去度假。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Ican’twait______youagain.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.toseeing()2.Theydecidedto______thetestresultsbeforemakinganydecisions.waitforB.waittoC.waitonD.waitoutQuickly,theartistpaintedabeautifulpictureofahorse.很快，藝術(shù)家畫(huà)了衣服美麗的馬圖?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縬uickly為副詞，譯為“快速地、立即”等，常常用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。Eg:Youmustresolvethesituationquickly.你必須快速化解這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Quickly的形容詞形式為quick，譯為“快速的、敏捷的”。Eg:Thisbookisaquickread.這本書(shū)讀起來(lái)很快。Heisaquicklearner.他學(xué)得很快。常見(jiàn)搭配：haveaquickdinner=havedinnerquickly匆匆地吃晚飯【易混辨析】quickly和fast區(qū)別quickly指思維或行動(dòng)反應(yīng)快，強(qiáng)調(diào)立即行動(dòng)，不遲緩；fast強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的速度快。Eg:Hefinishedhishomeworkquickly.他迅速地完成了作業(yè)。Thecarisfast.這輛車(chē)很快。【即學(xué)即用】()1.Heranandran,buthecouldn’trun______tocatchthebus.fastenoughB.quickenoughC.enoughfastD.enoughquickly()2._____foodnowisbeingmoreandmorepopularallovertheworld.QuickB.FastC.SoonD.QuicklySectionBWhatcanstoriesteachus?SectionAWhatrulesdowefollow?Attheriver,theuglyducklingswamwell,justlikealltheotherducklings.在河里，丑小鴨游得很好，就像其它的小鴨子一樣。【用法詳解】Justlike可以用作副詞，放在句中，后面接名詞或句子，譯為“像...一樣”。Eg:ThenightofthecelebrationwasjustlikeChristmasforthem.慶?；顒?dòng)那個(gè)的夜晚對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)就像圣誕節(jié)一樣?！疽谆毂嫖觥縊ther,theother,others,theothers與another區(qū)別：Other“其他的；另外的”常作限定詞使用，后面可以接名詞Theother“兩者中的另一個(gè)”為特指，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為one...,theother...“一個(gè)...；另一個(gè)”O(jiān)thers用于已知的一些人或物中，出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。譯為“其他”為泛指，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為some...,others...“一些...，另一些...”。Others=other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Theothers用于指一定范圍內(nèi)出去一個(gè)或一部分后，余下的全部人或物。譯為“其余的；其余全部”為特指，我們常用theothers=theother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Another“另一個(gè)；再一個(gè)”為泛指，三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)Eg:Ican’tseeyounowsomeothertime,maybe.我現(xiàn)在不能見(jiàn)你也許別的時(shí)候吧。Ihavetwobrothers,oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.我有兩個(gè)哥哥，一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是老師。Somepeoplecamebycar,otherscameonfoot.一些人開(kāi)車(chē)來(lái)，另一些人走路來(lái)。Canyougivemeanotherchance?你能再給我一次機(jī)會(huì)嗎？【即學(xué)即用】()1.Twoapplesarenotenough.CanIhave_____one?otherB.theotherC.othersD.another()2.Therearelotsofstudentsontheplayground,someareplayingfootball.Someareplayingbasketball,____areplayingvolleyball.otherB.theotherC.othersD.another()3.Hesetsanexampleto______students.otherB.theotherC.othersD.another4.她唱歌就像她媽媽一樣。Shesings_____________hermother.Sohedecidedtosearchforanewhome.所以它決定尋找個(gè)新家?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縮earch為動(dòng)詞，譯為“尋找、調(diào)查、搜查”。Eg:Hesearchedeveryroominthehouse.他在房子里的每個(gè)房間都進(jìn)行了搜尋。常見(jiàn)搭配：searchfor...尋找Searchforinformationaboutsth.搜索關(guān)于某物的信息Eg:Iamsearchingforalostphone.我在找丟失的。Iamsearchingforinformationaboutthenewmovie.我在查找關(guān)于新電影的信息?！炯磳W(xué)即用】警察正在搜尋那個(gè)丟失的男孩。Thepolice______________________thelostboy.IwishIlookedlikeyou!我希望我像你們！【用法詳解】Wish在此處為動(dòng)詞，譯為“希望”，常見(jiàn)搭配：wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事Wishtodosth.希望做某事Wish+that從句希望...注意：接that從句時(shí)，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Eg:Iwishtospeaktothemanager.我想跟經(jīng)理說(shuō)話。Hewishedhissontobeateacherinthefuture.他希望他的兒子未來(lái)成為一名老師。IwishIwereabirdflyinginthesky.我希望我是一只在天空飛翔的鳥(niǎo)。wish還可作名詞，譯為“希望；愿望”。常見(jiàn)搭配：haveawish有一個(gè)愿望Bestwishes(tosb.)(給你)最美好的祝福Eg:Theprince’swishcametrue.王子的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。Bestwishestoyou.給你最美好的祝福?！局R(shí)拓展】wish與hope區(qū)別：Wish常指難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的“希望”后面即可加todo也可加sb.todosth.Hope常指容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的“希望”后面只能接todoEg:IhopetovisitBeijingnextmonth.“我希望下周參觀北京?！盡ymumwishesmetofinishmyhomeworkinanhour.“我媽媽希望我一小時(shí)后完成作業(yè)?！薄炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.She_____shecouldswimlikeafish.hopeB.hopesC.wishD.wishes()2.We_____togoclimbingtomorrow.hopeB.hopesC.wishD.wishes()3.Iwishit____notsocoldoutside.shallbeB.beC.wereD.isTohissurprise,hesawthathewasabeautifulwhiteswantoo.令他吃驚的是，他看到他也是一只美麗的白天鵝了。【用法詳解】Surprise在此處為名詞，譯為“驚奇、驚訝”。常見(jiàn)搭配：toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是Insurprise驚訝地Eg:IgotabigsurprisewhenIsawthegift.當(dāng)我看到那份禮物時(shí)，我大吃一驚。Tomysurprise,heagreedtohelpme.令我驚訝的是，他同意幫助我。Shelookedatmeinsurprise.她驚訝地看著我。Surprise也可為動(dòng)詞，譯為“驚訝”。常見(jiàn)搭配：surprisesb.intodoingsth.使某人驚訝而做某事Eg:Thenewssurprisedeveryone.這個(gè)消息讓每個(gè)人都感到驚訝。Hesurprisedmeintoacceptingthejob.他使我驚訝而接受了這份工作。Surprise的形容詞為surprised和surprising；surprised譯為“感到驚訝”用來(lái)修飾人；surprising譯為“感到驚訝的”用來(lái)修飾物。常見(jiàn)搭配：besurprisedat/by...對(duì)...感到驚訝Eg:I’msurprisedatyourdecision.我對(duì)你的決定感到驚訝。Thisisasurprisingnews.這是一個(gè)令人吃驚的消息?！炯磳W(xué)即用】()1.Toour_______,Samwasn’t_______atthe_______news.surprise;surprised;surpriseB.surprise;surprised;surprisingC.surprised;surprising;surprisedD.surprising;surprised;surprise()2._______,90%ofthemoneyishers.InoursurpriseB.TooursurpriseC.Tooursurprises