2022河北省邢臺市高考英語暑假閱讀(4)及答案

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項?！?022·山東省試驗中學(xué)一?！緿epression(抑郁癥)isaseriousproblemtoday.Depressioncausesworkerstobeunproductive，causingcompaniesandcountriestolosebillionsofdollars.Oneexpertsaysthatdepressionislikecancerbecauseitis“widespread，costlyanddeadly”．Depressionhitsonepersoninfivearoundtheworld.Althoughpeoplehavebelieveddepressiontobeaproblemamongtherichandeducated，studiesshowthatdepressionisaproblemamongeveryone.Overanysix-monthperiod，betweenfivetosevenpercentoftheworld’spopulationwillbesufferingfromaseriousdepression.Suicideratesamongpeoplesufferingfromthediseaseinitsextreme，orclinicalformwere80percenthigherthaninthepopulationatlarge，andsuffererswerefourtimesmorelikelytohaveheartattacks.Peoplewhosufferfromdepressionoftenhaveproblemssleeping，gettingupontime，anddoingworkproductively.Depression，whichresearchersagreehasitsorigininthegenes，bringslossofconfidenceandabilitytoconcentrate—makingitimpossibleforemployeesandmanagerstoworkefficiently.DepressionismademoreseriousinChinabyChinese’sinabilitytofaceit.Manypeoplebelievethatdepressedpeopleareeitherweakorlazy.Besides，thereisnogoodtreatment，withfewspecialistsavailable.“MostpatientsinChinajustdon’tgethelp，”aChinesedoctorsays.“Inmyhospital，Ihavetosee30or40patientsinamorning，justhavetimetosay‘Hello，howdoyoufeel？’”InWesterncountries，peoplearenotafraidtoadmitthattheyhavedepression，butmostdonottellittotheirboss，becausetheyfearthattheywillbestricken_off_the_rolls.“Inmyexperience，agingbossesarethemostwillingtoadmittheyhaveit.Becausetheyfeelthemostsecureaboutthemselves，”anAmericandoctorsays.Hopefully，inthenearfuture，peoplearoundtheworldwillbeabletoadmitthattheyhavedepressionsothattheycangettherighttreatment.1．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Itiswidelybelievedthateveryonemaysufferfromdepression.B．Depressionbringsgreatproblemstoitssufferersintheirlifeandwork.C．Depressionisacommonly-existingproblemonlyinrichcountries.D．Thepoorerandthelesseducatedapersonis，thelesshewillsufferfromdepression.2．Comparedtonormalpeople，thedepressedpeoplearelikelytobe________.A．veryunconfidentandoftenabsent-mindedB．easytoavoidbeinghitbyheartattacksC．workingefficientlyandproductivelyD．eitherweakorlazy3．DepressionbecomesmoreseriousinChinabecauseof________.A．theunderstandingoftheproblemB．thelackoftreatmentanddoctorsC．theirunwillingnesstotellittotheirbossD．thedoctors’carelesswork4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Peoplearesufferingfromdepressionbecauseoftheshortageofspecialists.B．Theagingbossesaroundtheworlddaretosaytheyaredepressed.C．Moreandmorepatientswillturntospecialistsforhelp.D．WesternpeoplearebraverthanChinesepeople.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsinthe5thparagraphmean?A．Hired. B．Dismissed.C．Promoted. D．Recommended.語篇解讀本文是一篇科普類說明文。抑郁癥已經(jīng)成為威逼人們正常生活和工作的一個重要的疾病形式，人們應(yīng)正確地面對抑郁癥。1．解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段最終一句“Peoplewhosufferfromdepressionoftenhaveproblemssleeping，gettingupontime，anddoingworkproductively.”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B2．解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段“...bringslossofconfidenceandabilitytoconcentrate—makingitimpossiblefor...”可知，答案A符合文意。答案：A3．解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides，thereisnogoodtreatment，withfewspecialistsavailable.”可知，抑郁癥在中國更嚴(yán)峻一方面是由于人們不能正視這個事實，另一方面是由于缺少專家和較好的治療。答案：B4．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Hopefully，inthenearfuture，peoplearoundtheworldwillbeabletoadmitthattheyhavedepressionsothattheycangettherighttreatment.”可推知，將會有越來越多的人向?qū)＜仪笾?，故答案C正確。答案：C5．解析：詞義猜想題。依據(jù)對文章第三段的整體理解可以推知，員工一旦把自己抑郁的狀況告知老板，老板有可能會由于抑郁能使人沒有自信或不能夠集中工作而辭退員工。故strickenofftherolls與dismissed的意思最為接近。答案：B。閱讀理解。Facedwithatoughjobmarket,freshgraduatesaredreamingofrunningtheirownbusinessesinstead．Butarecentsurveyhasshowedthatsuchambitionslacktherequiredsupportandremainjustthat—dreams．TheShanghaiMunicipalEmploymentPromotionCenterpollof1,276graduatesinseveraluniversitiesandcollegesinthecity,releasedlastFriday,showed59．78percentofrespondentsconsideredthepossibilityofsettingupacompanyoratleastasmallstore．"Buttheyjuststopatthe'thinking'stage,"itstated．Respondentsputthetopreasonsfornotgoingitalonedowntoashortageofinvestmentandalackofbusinessopportunity．Theyalsolistedlackofbusinessexperienceandsocialnetworks,theneedtoradvancedstudyandobjectionsfromfamilymembersasfactorsthatstoodintheirway．Morethan90percentoftheintervieweessaidtheywouldrathertakeupajobaftergraduatingandthenconsiderstartingtheirownbusinesstwoorthreeyearsdowntheroad．GuoBing,aseniorstudentinShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversitymajoringinEnglish,decidedhewantedtobehisownbosslastyear．Butheislookingforajobfirst．"IfIfailtofindasatisfyingjob,Iwouldliketoestablishacompanyinexhibitionservices,"Guosaid．TheShanghainativehassomerelativesworkinginalocalprintingplant．Withtheirhelp,Guohopestoproduceexhibitionbrochures(小冊子）atarelativelylowprice．HeisalsoconfidentthathisEnglishlanguageskillscanhelphimdowellintheindustry．"Socialnetworkingisanimportantfactorleadingtobusinesssuccess,"Guosaid．Guosaidthattheshortageofgraduatejobsisthemainreasondrivingmoreuniversitystudentstosetupabusinessrightaftertheirgraduation．Jiangsaidtheuniversitysetsupabusinessguidelearnmadeofgovernmentofficialsandprofessionals．Theyregularlygivetrainingcoursestostudentswhoshowaninterestinhavingtheirownbusiness．Theparentsofuniversitygraduatesaremorewillingtohelptheirchildrenstartupalone,thesurveyshowed．"Onceyouwinthesupportofyourfamily,youhavewonhalfthebattle,"Guoadded．16．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle? A．AToughJobMarket B．GraduatesDreamofBeingBoss C．TheAmbitiousFreshGraduates D,TheStoryotGuoBing17．WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTstopfreshgraduatesrealizingtheirdreamsofbeingbosses? A．Thelackofbusinessopportunityandinvestment． B．Theshortageofbusinessexperience. C．LessskilledEnglishlanguage． D．Theirfamilymembers'objections．18．IntheviewofGuoBing,what'isthekeyfactor-thatmakesfreshgraduatesdreamofbeingbosssoonaftergraduation? A．Theirfamilydon'tsupportthem． B．Theirsocialnetworkingisnotgood． C．Therearenotenoughgraduatejobs． D．Theywanttoachievegreatersuccess．19．AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutGuoBingEXCEPT_____． A．Hehasstartedhisownbusinesswiththehelpofhisrelatives． B．Englishishismajorintheuniversity． C．Heistryingtofindajobwhichcansatisfieshim． D．HeisaShanghainative．20．Whoisthisarticlemostlyintendedfor? A．Theparentswhosechildgoestouniversitysoon. B．Thosewhowillgraduatefromuniversity． C．Thosewhowanttobebosses． D．Theofficialswhoworkinthegovernment．【參考答案】16—20、BCCAB閱讀理解Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan’tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenotnecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneinbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterfering(干涉)withpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenance(機械修理，保養(yǎng))asitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresultswillbe.Andatwhatpointshouldyoustoptotreattheoldbody?Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbyseekingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?Youcan’taskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematry,ontheprinciplethatwhilethere’slife,there’shope.Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Thevaluesaredifferentbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B.Themoralproblemsraisedbyoldpeople.C.Thepersonalfreedomfortheold.D.Oldpeople’sviewpointonlife.6.Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A.Veryoldpeoplewouldliketolivealonetohavemorepersonalfreedom.B.Veryoldpeopleareabletokeeptheirroomclean.C.Veryoldpeopleliketolivewiththeirchildren.D.Socialserviceshavenothingtodowithveryoldpeople.7.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisright?A.Theolderaperson,themorecareheneeds.B.Toomuchemphasishasbeenputonoldpeople’svalues.C.Thehumanbodycan’tbecomparedtoacar.D.Itiseasytoprovidesparepartsforoldpeople.8.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto“________”.A.theirmoneyortheirhealthB.theconclusionyoucometoC.yourtalktotheoldpeopleD.whetherageishappyorunpleasant5.B主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第1句Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem及全文內(nèi)容可知，答案選B。6.A推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第1段最終幾句Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold可知，答案選A。7.A推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第2段第2句Thebodyislikeacar,