2022高考英語(yǔ)天津市和平區(qū)一輪短文改錯(cuò)和閱理類(lèi)選練及參考答案2

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Americaisgrowingolder.Fiftyyearsago,only4outofevery100peopleintheUnitedStateswere65orolder.Today,10outofevery100Americansareover65.TheagingofthepopulationwillaffectAmericansocietyinmanyways—education,medicine,andbusiness.Quietly,theagingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety—oneinwhichpeoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehaviorissuitableatvariousages.Aperson’sagenolongertellsyouanythingabouthis/hersocialposition,marriageorhealth.There’snolongeraparticularyearinwhichonegoestoschoolorgoestoworkorgetsmarriedorstartsafamily.Thesocialclockthatkeptusontimeandtolduswhentogotoschool,getajob,orstopworkingisn’tasstrongasitusedtobe.Itdoesn’tsurpriseustohearofa29-year-olduniversitypresidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,ora70-year-oldmanwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Publicideasarechanging.Manypeoplesay,“Iammuchyoungerthanmymotherormyfatherwasatmyage.”Noonesays“Actyourage”anymore.We’vestoppedlookingwithsurpriseatolderpeoplewhoactinyouthfulways.1.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheagingofthepopulationinAmerica________.A.hasmadepeoplefeelyoungerB.haschangedpeople’ssocialpositionC.haschangedpeople’sunderstandingofageD.hassloweddownthecountry’ssocialdevelopment2.Theunderlinedword“one”refersto________.A.asociety B.America C.aplace D.population3.“Actyourage”meanspeopleshould________.A.beactivewhentheyareoldB.dotherightthingattherightageC.showrespecttotheirparentsyoungoroldD.takemorephysicalexercisessuitabletotheirage4.Ifa’25-year-oldmanbecomesgeneralmanagerofabigfirm,thewriterofthetextwouldmostprobablyconsiderit_________.A.normal B.wonderful

C.unbelievable D.unreasonable1.C主旨題。依據(jù)第一、二段的最終一句及第三段可推斷。2.A細(xì)節(jié)題。one是asociety的同位語(yǔ)且后面跟了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，可以通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)得出正確答案。3.B細(xì)節(jié)題。全文最終一句話給出了提示。4.A推理題?？烧J(rèn)真閱讀其次段中倒數(shù)其次句話。閱讀理解。AnneWhitney,asophomoreatColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege."Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn’tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher."Anotherstudentinmicrobiologyhadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,"Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,IThesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandheisuneasyaboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcan’twriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheextremetensionandnervousness.Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimestestanxietycausesthelowgrades.Recently,testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents.Specialuniversitycounselingcoursestrytohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,counselorstrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemhowtomanagetestanxiety.Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheiranxiety.Ifthetestsshowtheiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwiththeirtension.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Studentsaretrainedtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkatease.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.AnexpertattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplains."Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingourprogram.Mostofthemexperiencebettercontrolduringtheirtests.Almostallhavesomeimprovement.Withsome,theimprovementisverygreat."

A.tobelikeablanketB.tobeunsureofananswerC.tobeunabletothinkclearlyD.toshowwrongknowledgetotheteacher7.Poorgradesareusuallytheresultof_______.A.poorhygienichabitsB.lazinessC.lackofsleepD.inabilitytoformgoodstudyhabits8.Testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedas_______.A.anexcuseforlazinessB.theresultofpoorhabitsC.arealproblemD.somethingthatcan’tbechanged9.Todealwiththisproblem,studentssaytheywantto______.A.takeashortcourseonanxietyB.readaboutanxietyandknowhowtodealwithitC.beabletomanageorunderstandtheiranxietyD.taketeststoprovetheyarenotanxious10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?_______.A.allstudentscouldovercometheanxietyaftertakingaspecialtestanxietyprogramB.mostofthestudentsfeltrelaxedaftertakingaUniversityofC.studentsfounditdifficulttoimproveeventhoughtheyhadtakenaspecialtestanxietycourseD.studentsfounditeasytorelaxassoonastheyenteredaUniversityof【參考答案】6—10、CDCAB閱讀理解CI'vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍縱即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupassyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomefromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou'vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.11.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4,Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans________.A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcriticalB.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportantC.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachotherD.onecannotusethematthesametime12.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis________.A.puttingtheirideasinrawformB.attemptingtoeditastheywriteC.ignoringgrammaticalsoundnessD.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts13.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststageofwriting?A.Toorganizeone'sthoughtslogically.B.Tochooseanappropriatetopic.C.Togetone'sideasdown.D.Tocollectrawmaterials.14.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat________.A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemindB.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwardsC.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticismD.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Itintroducestheauthor’swritingmethod.B.Ittellsussomethingaboutthecreativemind.C.Ithighlightstheimportanceofcriticalmind.D.Itshowsthedifficultiestowriteonthefly.【參考答案】11—15、DBCBA閱讀理解。Therecordriseinworldfoodpriceslastmonthisnotonlyastarttoapossible"foodpriceshock"inthecomingmonths,butalsoanobviouswarningthattheinternationalcommunitycannotaffordtoignore.Thefearfulconsequencesoflong-termclimatechangearemoreclosingnowanddividedresponsetotheglobalfinancialcrisiscouldmakethemworse.Earlythisweek,theUnitedNations'FoodandAgriculturalOrganizationannouncedthatitsbenchmarkfoodpriceindexhadjumpedto214.7pointsinDecember,abovethepreviouspeakof213.5,whichwassetinJune2008andcausedfoodriots(暴亂)insomepoorcountries.Withtheworldeconomyshowinglittlesignofemergingoutofthemessanytimesoon,therecordincreaseinfoodpricesiscertainlyshocking.The2008foodcrisiswasa"silenttsunami"fortheworld'spoor.So,whatwillhappeniffoodpricesremainhighoverthenextseveralmonths?Theobviousansweris:Thenumberofhungrypeopleacrosstheworld,about1billionaccordingtoUNestimates,willalmostcertainlyincrease.Hence,theinternationalcommunityshouldpreparetosolveafoodcrisissimilartothatin2008.Forthemoment,thatmeanspolicymakersacrosstheglobeshouldmakejointeffortstopreventpanicoverfoodpricesbothathomeandintheglobalmarket.Buttopreventsuchfoodcrisesfromhappeningagain,theinternationalcommunitymustfirstrecognizethatourfutureislikelytobeaffectedbyextremeweathermoreseriouslythanfearedearlierifwecontinuetodragourfeetinthefightagainstclimatechange.Theloomingfoodcrisiscallsforastrongersenseofurgencythanwhatnegotiators,especiallythosefromdevelopedcountries,haveshownatUNclimatechangeconferencesinrecentyears.Besides,soaringworldfoodpricesalsohighlightthethreatofsuper-loosemonetarypoliciesthatsomerichcountrieshaveadoptedtoletrapidinflationerode（腐蝕）therealvalueoftheirdebtburden.Excessiveliquidityfromdevelopedcountrieshaspushedupcommoditypricesintheworldmarketandcreatedconsiderableinflationary(通貨膨脹)pressureondevelopingcountries.Thisisunfairtodevelopingcountries,whicharerelativelypoorandsufferalotmorefromfood-ledinflation.Astheworld'smostpopulouscountry,Chinacandrawsomecomfortfromitsbumperharvestlastyear,whichwasalsoitsseventhcontinuousrichharvest.Thecountry'ssuccessinfeedingone-fifthoftheworld'spopulationwithlessthan10percentofglobalfarminglandshowsthatitsgreateffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionhavepaidrichinterest.ButChinesepolicymakerscannotassumethatsuchfavorableconditionswillcontinue.Rapidurbanizationandpopulationchangesinthecountrywillmakeitincreasinglydifficulttofurtherraisegrainoutput.Therefore,Chinashouldtaketherecordriseinworldfoodpricesasacalltodoubleitseffortstoimprovefarmproductivity.16.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.UrgentConcernabouttheRiseoftheWorldFoodPricesB.TheClimateChangesAretoBlameC.GlobalFarmingD.UrgentConcernaboutthePoorCountries.17.Whatwillhappeniffoodpricesremainhighoverthenextseveralmonths?A.Thenumberofhungrypeopleallovertheworldwillalmostcertainlyincrease.B.Manypeoplewilldieeasilyforlackoffood.C.Peoplewillfightwitheachotherandcauseriotsacrosstheworld.D.Excessiveliquidityfromdevelopedcountrieswillcreateconsiderableinflation.18.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Therapidinflationerodedtherealvalueofsomerichcountries’debtburdenbythesuper-loosemonetarypolicies.B.Peopleallovertheworldshouldworktogethertopreventthefoodcrisis.C.Thefoodpriceindexhadjumpedtothepeakin2008.D.Thedevelopingcountriessufferedalotmorefromfood-ledinflation.19.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“dragourfeet”?A.quickenourpaceB.slowourpaceC.pullourfeet.D.walkquickly20.TheChinesepolicymakersdoubtwhetherthegrainoutputwillcontinuetoincreasebecause_________.A.thefarmswillnotworkharderthanbeforeB.thepopulationinChinawillbesmallerandsmallerC.morehouseswillbebuiltonthefarmlandinthefutureD.theterribleweatherwillaffecttheagricultureproduction【參考答案】16—20、AACBC短文改錯(cuò)。假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同學(xué)寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Severaldaysbefore，afewofmyfriendandIwentonapicniconthebeachoftheJialingRiver.Itisaboutfivemilesfarfromthecity.Wearrivedthatplaceinthemorning.Mostofusgoswimmingimmediately.Whileinthewater，weplayedaninterestinggame.Thosewhichwereonthebeachhadsomeotheractivity.Someofthemevensanganddancedhappy.Therewerestillotherswhowereinterestedinnothing，exceptpickedbeautifulstones.Intheevening，wereturnedhome.Howahappydayitwas!答案：Severaldayseq\o(before,\s\do9(ago))，afewofmyeq\o(friend,\s\do9(friends))andIwentonapicniconthebeachoftheJialingRiver.Itisaboutfivemilesfarfromthecity.Wearrivedeq\o(∧,\s\do9(at))thatplaceinthemorning.Mostofuseq\o(go,\s\do9(went))swimmingimmediately.Whileinthewater，weplayedaninterestinggame.Thoseeq\o(which,\s\do9(who/that))wereonthebeachhadsomeothereq\o(activity,\s\do9(activities)).Someofthemevensanganddancedeq\o(happy,\s\do9(happily)).Therewerestillotherswhowereinterestedinnothing，excepteq\o(picked,\s\do9(picking))beautifulstones.Intheevening，wereturnedhome.eq\o(How,\s\do9(What))ahappydayitwas!短文改錯(cuò)。假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交