2022高考英語石家莊長安區(qū)系列練習(xí)(3)及答案

閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。體裁：記敘文話題：人物介紹時間：6分鐘PeterByfordwasborninastonehouseinHonley，andwhenhewastinyhisdad，aformerminer，gotajobinthetextiletradeandtheByford'smovedtoSkelmanthorpe.Lifewastoughbutfun，andyoungPeterspenthisdaysintherollingcountryside，raftingontheriver，makingtreecampsorplayingonhisownwithhismodelrailwayandsoldiers.Hisworldwasrockedbytragedywhenhismotherdied，whichdestroyedyoungPeter，ashychildwhosuddenlyhadtogrowupfast.Thoughgrieving，hewentuptheroadtolivewithhisauntanduncle，andreturnedhomemuchtooyoungtofacethenextchallenge，thatoflookingafterhisdad，whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory.BythenhehadtakenthenicknameasBiff.TheyoungerBiffstruggledatschoolbecauseofhisshyness，butlovedthemusiclessonsandbecamefriendswithaclassmatewhosebrotherhadaguitar.Atthesametimeayoungmanwhohadabanjo(班卓琴)movedintothehouseoppositewherehelivedandhetaughtyoungBiffhowtoplayit.Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.Butevenso，hisworkingcareerbegan，intypicalfashionfor1960sWestYorkshire.Afterashorttimeasanapprentice(學(xué)徒)carpenter，hewenttoworkinthelocalweavingfactory.AndthiswaswhereBiffByford，soontobecomealegendintheworldofrock，firstlearnedtosing.Themachineswouldrunallday，clickety-clack，clickety-clack.Thenoisewasincredible，andtheworkerswouldspendtheirtimetryingtolipreadeachother.Itwasjustsonoisyinthere.Itwasreallyheavymetal.Theonlythingtodowassingtoyourself.Sosingtohimselfhedid，themelodies(旋律)lockinginplaceinhishead，nottobeforgotten.Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】PeterByfords的演唱生涯起源于他四周的人和他的工作環(huán)境的影響。1．WhenPeterByfordwasborn______.A．hisfamilymovedtoSkelmanthorpeB．hisfatherworkedinthetextiletradeC．hisfatherprobablytookajobinHonleyD．hisfamilylivedaverypoorlife解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段可知，PeterByford誕生在Honley，他是個孩子時，由于父親的工作一家人遷移到Skelmanthorpe，因此很可能父親以前就在Honley擁有一份工作。故選C項。答案C2．PeterByfordhadtoleavehisauntanduncle______.A．becausehismotherpassedawayB．becauseofhisfather'spoorhealthC．becausehewantednottostaywithhisfatherD．becauseofhisfullybeinggrown-up解析細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段的whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory可知，父親的身體狀況不好，需要PeterByford的照看。故選B項。答案B3．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphimply?A．Petergotinfluencedalotbyhisclassmateandtheyoungman.B．theclassmatetaughtPeterhowtoplaytheguitar.C．Petersharedahousewiththeyoungman.D．TheyoungBiffhadaneyeforgoodfriends.解析細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段談到了Peter遇到的兩個音樂愛好者，文中的Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.說明，Peter的音樂之路受他們的影響。故選A項。答案A4．Whileworkinginthelocalweavingfactory______.A．PeterstartedasanapprenticecarpenterB．PetertreatedhislifeinapositivewayC．PeterwasverytiredofthenoisyworkplaceD．Peterlearnedhowtolipreadbyhimself解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段可知，雖然紡織廠車間內(nèi)聲音嘈雜，但是Peter在嘈雜中開頭唱歌，他的唱歌生涯也是在那個時候開頭的。故選B項。答案B5．WhatwouldhappentoPeterlater?A．Hewouldremainworkinginthefactoryforever.B．Hewouldputforwardsuggestionstotheboss.C．Hewouldtelltheworkerstokeepsilent.D．Hewouldfindwaystorealizehisdream.解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章尾段的Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.可知，他會把自己的幻想變成現(xiàn)實。故選D項。答案D。閱讀理解。AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.Unfortunately，thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhetallestwindmills(seepicture)totouchbottom.AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway，however，couldhelpputthemanywhere.Theproject,calledHywind，istheworld'sfirstlarge-scaledeepwaterwindturbine(渦輪發(fā)電機)．Althoughitusesafairlystandard152-ton,2.3-megawattturbine，Hywindrepresentstotallynewtechnology.Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar(seepicture)，atechnologyHywind'screator，theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro，hasdevelopedrecently.Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowtheseasurface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables(纜索)；thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.Hywind'sstability(穩(wěn)定性)inthecoldandroughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwindpower.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthecoastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebiggerturbinesthanHywinddoes,butit'sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighonafloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar'scentreofgravitymustbemovedmuchclosertotheocean'ssurface.Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesignanewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox(變速箱)sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades(seepicture)．Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwind-farmtechnologycouldbeextremelylarge.Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereallexistingoffshorewindmillsareplanted.Deep-seafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelpsovercomethewindmill-as-eyesoreobjection.Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.本文為科普短文，敘述世界上第一個深海風(fēng)力發(fā)電機——渦輪發(fā)電機以及它的發(fā)電原理及好處。9．TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof________.A.thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloorB.thesparwhichisfloatingindeep-seawaterC.thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawindD.thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface答案：B。細節(jié)理解題。由文章其次段特殊是“thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves”可知B項正確。10．Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesignedwithitsgearboxsitting________.A.ontheseafloor B.onthespartopC.atsealevel D.behindtheblades答案：C。細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段最終一句“...onewhosegearboxsitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades.”可知C項正確。11．Wideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycan________.A.solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmillsB.makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbinesC.settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblemsD.explorelow-carbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea答案：D。細節(jié)理解題。由文章最終一句“...itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.”可知D項正確。閱讀理解。AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple：helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit(追求)tobeenjoyedbyall，theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus，aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched(發(fā)起)the“IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook”projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities，andeventoHongKong.InChicago，themayor(市長)appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe“OneBook，OneChicago”program.Asaresult，readingclubsandneighborhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork，wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(全都)canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint，puttingalltheirenergyandpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthanintodiscussionaboutabookitself.Ultimately，asNancypointsout,thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabook，butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess，orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehaveshared_a_word.西雅圖的一名圖書管理員建議大家在同一時間閱讀同一本書，并允許生疏人在公共場所對這本書進行爭辯，這樣做既可以促進生疏人之間的溝通，又能培育公眾的社區(qū)意識。然而，在像紐約等一些大城市，由于人口背景簡潔，很難選出一本具有代表性的書，或許這一想法在一些中等城市更簡潔實施。12．WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancy?A．Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.B．Toencouragepeopletoreadandshare.C．Toinvolvepeopleincommunityservice.D．Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.答案：B。細節(jié)理解題。由其次段“Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits，studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook”．可以推知正確答案。13．WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?A．Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.B．Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.C．Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds.D．Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment.答案：C。細節(jié)理解題。由第四段第一句話可知，紐約城市大，人口眾多且文化背景多樣化，因此人們很難選出一本有代表性的書。14．Accordingtothepassage，wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedout?A．Inlargecommunitieswithlittlesenseofunity.B．Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome.[來源:]C．Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation.D．Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached.答案：D。細節(jié)理解題。由第四段其次句話可知，這一想法在中等城市或大的城鎮(zhèn)較簡潔實施，由于在那兒人們很簡潔達成全都。C項為人口多樣化的中等城市，與句意不符。15．Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5probablymean______.A．exchangedideaswitheachother B．discussedthemeaningofawordC．gainedlifeexperience D．usedthesamelanguage答案：A。詞義猜想題。由其次段內(nèi)容可知，該活動的目的就是讓生疏人通過爭辯這本書而達到溝通的目的，故A項正確。16．AccordingtoNancy，thedegreeofsuccessoftheprojectisjudgedby______.A．thecarefulselectionofaproperbookB．thegrowingpopularityofthewritersC．thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreadingD．thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads答案：C。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“...thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeopereadthebook，butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess...”可知C項正確。【江西省上饒市2022高考英語二模試題】完形填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Childrenarealwaystaughtnottoarguewithadultsforgenerations．However,newresearchshowsthatyoungteenagerswhoaretaughttoargue36aremorelikelytoresistpeerpressuretousedrugsandalcohollaterin37． “Itturnsoutthatwhatgoesoninthe38isactuallyatraininggroundforteensintermsofhowto39agreementswithotherpeople,"saidJosephAllen,theleadauthorofthestudy．Headdedthatteensshouldlearntheycanbetaken40thoughdiscussionswiththeirparents．Sometimes,itcanbeunnaturalforparentsto41theirteenstoarguewiththem．Butlearningeffectiveargumentation42canhelpteenagerslearntobecomemore43andhowtoprotectthemselves． Thestudyobserved15013-year-oldengaginginarguments,andthen44thesameparticipantsthreeyearslaterabout45withdrugsandalcohol．At13,theteenagerswere46summarizingdisagreementsbetweenthemselvesandtheirmothers．Therecordingswerethenreplayedforthemotherstohear． The47betweenthemwouldgoontobediscussed．Thetopicwould48fromhouseholdrulestogradestomonthlyallowances．Oncethediscussionwas49again,researchersfilmedtheteensandtheirmothersforeightminutes．Teenagerswhodisplayedconfidenceandusedreasonsto50theirstatementsweremorelikelytohaverefuseddrugsoralcohol．Allenrecommendedparentsshouldteachtheirchildrenhowtoeffectively51theirthoughtsandemotionsduringconflicts,whichinturnteacheschildrentostandupto_52influenceoutsideofthehome．53theirviewpointsdon’tlineup,theteensaregoingtobeabletakethoseskillsintootherenvironments．Parentsshouldalsoteachbyexamplesand54gooddiscussionpracticesfortheirchildren．“Ifthey'reabletolearnhowtobeconfidentandpersuasivewiththeir55,they'llbeabletodothesamewithpeers,"Allensaid．36．A．effectively