湖南省長沙市天心區(qū)長郡中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試卷 含解析

高考資源網(wǎng)(）您身邊的高考專家（AI教學(xué)）訂購熱線郡中學(xué)2024年下學(xué)期高一期末考試英語時量：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers!A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.2.WhatwillTomdonext?A.Drinksomecoffee.B.WatchtheWorldCup.C.Gotosleep.3Whyisthewomanleaving?A.Sheissick.B.Herchildisill.C.Herworkisdone.A.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inalift.C.Inacompany.5.Whatdidthewomanfinddifficult?A.Theessaypart.B.Thelisteningpractices.C.Thefill-in-the-blankquestions.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmanyroomsdidthemanbook?A.One.B.TwoC.Three.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotohisroom.B.Carryhisluggage.C.Callhisfriends.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whenwillthespeakers’flighttakeoff?A.At3:15.B.At3:45.C.At4:00.9.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Runningattheairport.B.Takingataxi.C.Bookingaflight.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthemanwanthishaircut?A.Allofftheback.B.Alloffthesides.C.Alittleoffthetopandsides.11.Whatdidthemancomplainabout?A.Thewomancuthishairtooshort.B.Thewomancuthisearaccidentally.C.Thehairbrushwastoodirty.12.Whycan’tthemancomplaindirectlytothemanager?A.Themanagerisonvacation.B.Themanagerisouttolunch.C.Themanagerisbusywithworking.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowisthemanstudyingSpanish?A.Throughonlinecourses.B.Throughlanguageapps.C.Throughclassroomlessons.14.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutherwayofstudyingSpanish?A.It’sconvenient.B.It’sinteresting.C.It’swell-organized.15.WhataspectofSpanishisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Dailyconversations.B.Traditionalliterature.C.Travelphrases.16.Whatdoesthewomantrytodointheend?A.Encouragetheman.B.Expressherworries.C.Recommendsomeclassics.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowlongdothefitnessclassesinItalylast?A.Aweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Nearlyamonth.18.Whatisthetwo-weekholidayinGreeceaimedat?A.Buildingupmuscles.B.Reducingstress.C.Losingweight.19.Whatmakesthetwo-weekholidayinGreecesospecial?A.Climbingmountains.B.Exercisingonthebeach.C.Experiencinghealthyprograms.20.Whereisthemountainbikingholidayoffered?A.InIreland.B.InFrance.C.InMorocco.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFamousFestivalsAroundtheWorldCelebrationsareanimportantpartofeveryculture,andeachcountryhasitsownuniquefestivals.Hereisabriefintroductiontosomeofthemostfamousfestivalscelebratedaroundtheworld.CarnivalinBrazilTheCarnivalinBrazilisoneofthelargestandmostfamousfestivalsintheworld.Itiscelebratedwithparades(游行),sambadancing,andcolorfuldresses.It’safuntimebeforeaseriousreligioustimecalledLent.MardiGrasinNewOrleansMardiGras,orFatTuesday,isabigcelebrationinNewOrleans,Louisiana,USA.Itisknownforitsparades,floats,andthethrowingofcolorfulbeads(珠子)tothecrowd.Thisyearlyeventisamixofveryoldtraditionsfromdifferentculturesandisaveryspecialtime.OktoberfestinGermanyOktoberfestisoneoftheworld’slargestfolkfestivalsheldeachyearinMunich；Germany.Itincludesattractionslikethrillrides,games,and,ofcourse,plentyofbeer.ThefestivaloriginallycelebratedthemarriageofCrownPrinceLudwigofBavariaandPrincessThereseofSaxe-Hildburghausen.DiwaliinIndiaDiwaliisalsocalledtheFestivalofLights.Ithappensinthefallandlastsforfivedays.Peoplelightlampstoshowthatlightandgoodwinoverdarknessandbad.Therearealsofireworksandfamilyget-togethersduringDiwali.Thesefestivalsnotonlycelebratetheuniqueculturalidentitiesoftheirrespectivecountriesbutalsoserveasareminderoftherichnessofglobaltraditions.1.WhichactivitydoCarnivalinBrazilandMardiGrasinNewOrleansbothfeature?A.Lightingoillamps. B.Celebratingwithparades.C.Throwingcolorfulbeads. D.Drinkinglargeamountsofbeer.2.WhatistheoriginofOktoberfestinGermany?A.Ahistoricalbattle. B.Acelebrationofvictory.C.Aroyalweddingcelebration. D.Alocalfolkdancefestival.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Atravelplan. B.Ascientificpaper C.Anewsreport. D.Amagazinearticle.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界著名的幾個節(jié)日，并介紹了慶祝方式、特色以及節(jié)日起源等內(nèi)容。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CarnivalinBrazil部分中的“Itiscelebratedwithparades(游行),sambadancing,andcolorfuldresses.(人們通過游行、跳桑巴舞以及身著色彩艷麗的服飾來慶祝這一節(jié)日。)”以及MardiGrasinNewOrleans部分中的“Itisknownforitsparades,floats,andthethrowingofcolorfulbeads(珠子)tothecrowd.(它以游行、彩車以及向人群拋灑彩色珠子而聞名。)”可知，巴西狂歡節(jié)和新奧爾良狂歡節(jié)都有游行慶祝的活動。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章OktoberfestinGermany部分中的“ThefestivaloriginallycelebratedthemarriageofCrownPrinceLudwigofBavariaandPrincessThereseofSaxe-Hildburghausen.(該節(jié)日最初是為了慶祝巴伐利亞王儲路德維希與薩克森-希爾德堡豪森的特蕾澤公主的婚禮。)”可知，德國慕尼黑啤酒節(jié)的起源是一場皇室婚禮的慶?；顒?。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文對世界著名節(jié)日進行介紹，包括巴西的狂歡節(jié)、美國新奧爾良的狂歡節(jié)、德國的啤酒節(jié)和印度的排燈節(jié)。并且這些介紹都是圍繞節(jié)日的文化背景、慶祝方式和意義展開的，旨在向讀者普及不同國家的文化習(xí)俗。這些都符合雜志文章的風(fēng)格和內(nèi)容特點。故選D。BThenovelRestartwaswrittenbyGordonKormanandpublishedin2018.ThebooktellsthestoryofChase,amiddleschoolstudentwholoseshismemoryafteranaccident.Atthebeginningofthestory,Chasegetsknockedunconscious(無意識的)whenhefallsoffaroof.Whenhewakesup,hecanrememberhisname,buthedoesn’trememberhispastorhisidentity.WhenChaserecoversandreturnstoschool,hebeginstolearnabouthisownhistorythroughthereactionsoftheotherstudents.Asitturnsoutthat,Chase,onceastarathlete,usedtohavefunhurtingweakerstudents.Somepeopleareafraidofhim,someareangrywithhim,andsometreathimlikeahero.Hefindsthathedoesn’treallylikethepeoplewhousedtobehisbestfriends.Afterhisaccident,Chasealsohasadifferentpersonality.Heisnolongermalicioustootherkids.However,everyoneexpectshimtoactthesameasbefore.Ittakestimefortheotherstudentstolearntotrustthisnewversionoftheiroldclassmate.Inthisbook,eachchapterisnarrated(敘述)byadifferentcharacter,sowegettoheareverysideofthestory.GordonKormanhassaidthatheenjoyswritingforhighschoolstudentsbecausethisistheagewhenkidsbegintoformtheirownopinions.InRestart,GordonKormanaddressesthethemesoffriendship,makingmistakes,andgettingasecondchance.Thenovelexploresthestoriesofaformerbadguyandhisvictims(受害人),andgivesreadersacloselookatthewaystrustcanbelostandrebuilt.Thebigpicturecomestogetherinlittlebitsandpiecesaseachcharacterofferstheirowndetails.Everyonemakesmistakes,andsometimeseachofuswouldliketostartover.InRestart,GordonKormanshowsus.howtocorrectourmistakesandmakeituptothepeoplewehavehurt.4.WhathelpsChaserediscoverhispast?A.Hismemoryoftheaccident.B.Hisroleasaschoolhero.C.Hisfellowstudents’attitudetowardshim.D.Histeachers’descriptionabouthim.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inparagraph3mean?A.Ill-willed. B.Open-minded. C.Warm-hearted. D.Good-tempered.6.HowisRestartuniqueinwritingstyle?A.Itfeaturesattractivepictures.B.Itconsistsofobviouscomparisons.C.Itiswrittenfromtheviewofanadult.D.Itincludesnarrationsofdifferentcharacters.7.WhichstatementwouldGordonKormanmostlikelyagreewith?A.Highschoolisthebestagetorestart.B.Lostmemoriescanbebroughtback.C.Friendshipandtrustcanberegained.D.Somemistakescanneverbecorrected.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇書評。文章主要介紹了GordonKorman所寫的小說《Restart》的情節(jié)內(nèi)容、主題思想以及作者對于寫作對象的喜好等，旨在向讀者介紹并評價這部小說?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenChaserecoversandreturnstoschool,hebeginstolearnabouthisownhistorythroughthereactionsoftheotherstudents.Asitturnsoutthat,Chase,onceastarathlete,usedtohavefunhurtingweakerstudents.Somepeopleareafraidofhim,someareangrywithhim,andsometreathimlikeahero.Hefindsthathedoesn’treallylikethepeoplewhousedtobehisbestfriends.(Chase康復(fù)后返回學(xué)校，他開始通過其他學(xué)生的反應(yīng)來了解自己的過往。事實證明，曾經(jīng)的明星運動員蔡斯曾經(jīng)以傷害較弱的學(xué)生為樂。有些人害怕他，有些人對他生氣，有些人把他當(dāng)作英雄。他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不喜歡那些曾經(jīng)是他最好朋友的人。)”可知，是同學(xué)們對他的態(tài)度幫助Chase重新發(fā)現(xiàn)自己過去的情況。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句“Afterhisaccident,Chasealsohasadifferentpersonality.Heisnolongermalicioustootherkids.(意外發(fā)生后，Chase的性格也發(fā)生了變化。他不再對其他孩子______。)”可知，Chase的性格發(fā)生了變化，而從上文內(nèi)容可知，Chase以前經(jīng)常以欺負弱小同學(xué)為樂，也就是對其他孩子懷有惡意，而現(xiàn)在性格變了，不再那樣做了。由此可知，劃線單詞和“懷有惡意”相似。選項A“ill-willed”，意為“惡意的，心懷不軌的”，符合語境。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inthisbook,eachchapterisnarrated(敘述)byadifferentcharacter,sowegettoheareverysideofthestory.(在這本書中，每一章都由不同的角色來敘述，所以我們能了解到故事的各個方面。)”可知，這本書的獨特之處是每一章都由不同的角色來敘述。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InRestart,GordonKormanaddressesthethemesoffriendship,makingmistakes,andgettingasecondchance.Thenovelexploresthestoriesofaformerbadguyandhisvictims(受害人),andgivesreadersacloselookatthewaystrustcanbelostandrebuilt.(在《重啟》中，GordonKorman探討了友誼、犯錯和獲得第二次機會的主題。這部小說探究了一個曾經(jīng)的壞孩子和他的受害者的故事，讓讀者近距離地看到信任是如何失去和重建的。)”可知，GordonKorman認為友誼和信任是可以重新獲得的。故選C。CMoneydoesn’tgrowontreesbutgolddoes.ScientistsinWesternAustraliaclaim(聲稱)tohavemadeanewdiscovery-theyhavefoundgoldintheleavesandbranchesoftrees.Theresearchersbelievethatthetreestakeinthegoldfromdeepunderground,over30metresdown.Thediscoveryhasbeendescribedasthefirstofitskindintheworld.Australiangoldexplorationcompaniesarepleasedbecauseitwillmakefindinggoldcheaper.Ratherthandiggingdeepholestofindgold,theywillbeabletoexaminetreeleavesandbranches.Thetreesshowwhatishappeningundertheearth’ssurface.Thereisonlyatinyamountofgoldintheleaves.Itwouldtake500treestomakeonegoldring.ThegoldisfoundbyusingaspecialX-raymachineandapowerfulmicroscope,whichscantheleavesandbranches.Itisclaimedthatthisisthefirsttimethatgoldparticles(粒子)havebeenfoundinlivingmaterial.However,thismightnotbetrue.AncientChinesewisdomunderstoodtheconnectionbetweenplantsandthepreciousstonesandminerals(礦物質(zhì))underneaththem.Theyusedplantlifetofindminerals-andthatwasthousandsofyearsago.IntheZhouDynasty,itwaswritteninabookthatacertainplantgrewonlyneardeposits(礦床)ofgold.Overthenext2,000years,Chinesepeoplewroteaboutdifferentplantsandhowtheygrew,showingwheremineralsandpreciousstonessuchasjade,copper,lead,silverandgoldwere.Moreimportantly,aroundtheyear1000.SuSong,aChinesescientistbornin1020,toldabouthowPortulacaplantscouldproducemercury(汞)whentheywerecrushed,driedandlefttorot(腐爛).Thatwascertainlythefirsttimeeverthatametalwasobtainedfromaplant.ThePreviousSecretsoftheRealmoftheKingofXin,writtenduringtheMingDynasty,describedhowdifferentmetalswereobservedandextracted(提煉)fromcertainplants.Thisknowledgewasunknownintherestoftheworlduntilabout1600,whenaBritishmanrealizedthatoaktreesgrewlargerandgreenerwheretherewasalumintheground.MaybeancientChineseknowledgehasmoretoteachmodernscientists.8.AccordingtoAustralianscientists,wherecangoldbeprobablyfound?A.Intherootsoftrees. B.Intheleavesoftrees.C.Inthetreeseverywhere. D.Onthegroundneartrees.9.Howcanwetellwhetherthereisgoldornotinthetrees?A.Bydiggingdeepholesinthetrees.B.Bycuttingtheleavesoftreesintopieces.C.Byexaminingthesurfaceofthegroundunderthetrees.D.Byscanningtheleavesandbrancheswithspecialscientifictools.10.Whofirstfoundtheconnectionbetweenplantsandminerals?A.Australianscientists. B.AmodernscientistC.AncientChinesepeople. D.ABritishscientist.11.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph3?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byanalyzingeffects.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家在澳大利亞西部發(fā)現(xiàn)樹木枝葉中含有黃金的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，并探討了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義以及與此相關(guān)的古代中國的智慧和知識?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistsinWesternAustraliaclaim(聲稱)tohavemadeanewdiscovery-theyhavefoundgoldintheleavesandbranchesoftrees.(西澳大利亞的科學(xué)家宣稱有了一項新發(fā)現(xiàn)——他們在樹木的枝葉中發(fā)現(xiàn)了金子。)”可知，根據(jù)澳大利亞科學(xué)家的說法，金子可能在樹木的葉子中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThegoldisfoundbyusingaspecialX-raymachineandapowerfulmicroscope,whichscantheleavesandbranches.(人們是通過使用一種特殊的X光機和一臺高倍顯微鏡來發(fā)現(xiàn)金子的，它們可以對樹葉和樹枝進行掃描檢測。)”可知，我們可以通過用特殊的科學(xué)工具掃描樹葉和樹枝來判斷樹里是否有金子。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AncientChinesewisdomunderstoodtheconnectionbetweenplantsandthepreciousstonesandminerals(礦物質(zhì))underneaththem.Theyusedplantlifetofindminerals-andthatwasthousandsofyearsago.(中國古代的智慧就已經(jīng)知曉植物與它們下方的寶石、礦物質(zhì)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)了。他們利用植物來尋找礦物質(zhì)——而這是在數(shù)千年前就有的做法了。)”可知，古代中國人首先發(fā)現(xiàn)了植物和礦物質(zhì)之間的聯(lián)系。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，第三段先是提出“However,thismightnotbetrue.AncientChinesewisdomunderstoodtheconnectionbetweenplantsandthepreciousstonesandminerals(礦物質(zhì))underneaththem.(然而，這或許并非事實。中國古代的智慧就已經(jīng)知曉植物與它們下方的寶石、礦物質(zhì)之間的關(guān)聯(lián)了。)”這一觀點，隨后通過列舉不同時期的例子來進行論證說明，比如提到在周朝時期，書中記載某種植物只生長在金礦礦床附近；又舉例說明公元1000年左右，蘇頌講述馬齒莧植物能產(chǎn)生汞的情況；還提到明朝時期《新王國內(nèi)幕》中描述從某些植物中觀察并提煉不同金屬等內(nèi)容，都是通過具體的事例來展開論述，以支撐古代中國人很早就發(fā)現(xiàn)植物與礦物質(zhì)關(guān)聯(lián)這一觀點的。故選A。DTherehavebeenconcernsthatvideogamesmightdamageourmentalandphysicalwell-being.Recently,moreresearcheshaverevealedtheseworriesarelargelyunfounded.Nevertheless,thereexistsadeep-seatedideathatplayingthemrotsyourbrain—it’seasytoviewthemasanunproductivewasteoftime.Butinreality,istheoppositethecase?Foryears,“brain-training”gamesandappshavebeenbelievedtobeaneffectivewaytopromoteourcognitive(認知的)abilitiesorintelligence.asit’sthoughtthatbyplayingaseriesofquickfirepuzzlesfocusingonthingslikememoryorspatial(空間的)awareness,overtimeourabilitiesintheseareaswillimprove;theoretically,sowillourgeneralintelligence.Fromaresearchviewpoint,thekeyliesinwhetherplayingthesesortsofgamesresultsin“transfer”effects(遷移效應(yīng))—“near”and“far”transfereffects:neareffectsrelatetowhetherplayingonememorygameresultsinimprovementsinothermemorygames,whereasfareffectsrelatetowhetherplayingthatgameresultsinageneralimprovementincognitiveabilities.Somestudieshavepointedoutbrain-traininggamesshowweakneareffects.Asforfareffects,there’snostrongevidencethishappens.However,thingsgetinterestingwhenbrain-traininggamesarecomparedwithvideogames.Ina2015studycomparingthebrain-traininggameSmartPwiththevideogameMazix,researchersfoundSmartPplayersdidn’tshowincreasesinproblem-solvingandspatialskills,butMazixplayersdid.Morerecently,in2020,researchersinSwedenstudieddatafromsome9,000childrenandfoundthatkidsaged9or10whoplayedvideogamesforabove-averageamountsoftimedidn’tshowanydifferencesinintelligencecomparedwiththoseplayingless.Twoyearslater,theydiscoveredthatby12,thekidsplayingvideogameshad2.5moreIQpointsthanaverage.Whyvideogamesresultinimprovementsincognitiveabilitiesovermoretargetedgamesisn’tclear.Oneargumentistodowiththeamountoftimeinvested:whereasbrain-trainingappstendtooffermini-gamesoverashorttime,videogameshaveplayersinvolvedandrequiresustained(持久的)levelsofattentionandproblem-solving.Despitesomepromisingfindings,it’scurrentlyunsafetosaythatvideogamesmakeussmarter.Meanwhile,videogamescanofferbothadvantagesandrisks,soit’simportanttobecautiousandavoidmakingquickjudgments.12.Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofbrain-traininggames?A.Theyareawasteoftime. B.Theymaypromoteourconcentration.C.Theyareeasilyaccessible. D.Theycanimproveourintelligence.13.WhatdoweknowaboutMazixplayers?A.Theyshowedsignsoffareffects.BTheyhadagreattalentforvideogames.C.Theyshowedincreasesingamingskills.D.Theyprovedtheimportanceofneareffects.14.Whatdidthestudyin2020show?A.ThelimitedeffectsofageonIQpoints.B.Thebenefitsofvideogamesovertime.C.Theadvantagesofbraintraininggames.D.Thenegativeimpactsofvideogames.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DoBrain-trainingGamesReallyWork?B.CouldVideoGamesMakeUsSmarter?C.VideoGamesorBrain-trainingGames?D.ShouldWeStopPlayingVideoGames?【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了關(guān)于電子游戲?qū)φJ知能力影響的研究，對比了“大腦訓(xùn)練”游戲與電子游戲在提升認知能力方面的效果，并指出了目前研究中存在的不確定性以及對待電子游戲應(yīng)有的謹慎態(tài)度?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Foryears,“brain-training”gamesandappshavebeenbelievedtobeaneffectivewaytopromoteourcognitive(認知的)abilitiesorintelligence.(多年來，“大腦訓(xùn)練”類游戲和應(yīng)用程序一直被認為是提升我們認知能力或智力的有效途徑。)”可知，人們通常認為大腦訓(xùn)練游戲能夠提升我們的智力。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fromaresearchviewpoint,thekeyliesinwhetherplayingthesesortsofgamesresultsin“transfer”effects(遷移效應(yīng))—“near”and“far”transfereffects:neareffectsrelatetowhetherplayingonememorygameresultsinimprovementsinothermemorygames,whereasfareffectsrelatetowhetherplayingthatgameresultsinageneralimprovementincognitiveabilities.(從研究的角度來看，關(guān)鍵在于玩這類游戲是否會產(chǎn)生“遷移”效應(yīng)——“近”遷移效應(yīng)和“遠”遷移效應(yīng)：近遷移效應(yīng)涉及玩一款記憶游戲是否會使玩家在其他記憶游戲中的表現(xiàn)有所提高，而遠遷移效應(yīng)則關(guān)乎玩那款游戲是否會使認知能力得到全面提升。)”以及第四段“However,thingsgetinterestingwhenbrain-traininggamesarecomparedwithvideogames.Ina2015studycomparingthebrain-traininggameSmartPwiththevideogameMazix,researchersfoundSmartPplayersdidn’tshowincreasesinproblem-solvingandspatialskills,butMazixplayersdid.(然而，當(dāng)把大腦訓(xùn)練游戲與電子游戲進行比較時，情況就變得有趣了。在2015年一項將大腦訓(xùn)練游戲《智能P》與電子游戲《馬齊克斯》進行對比的研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，《智能P》的玩家在解決問題和空間技能方面并沒有提高，而《馬齊克斯》的玩家卻有提高。)”可知，遠遷移效應(yīng)是指玩游戲是否會使認知能力得到全面提升，《馬齊克斯》的玩家在解決問題和空間技能方面有提高，意味著在認知能力上有積極變化。由此可知，《馬齊克斯》體現(xiàn)出了遠遷移效應(yīng)的相關(guān)跡象。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Morerecently,in2020,researchersinSwedenstudieddatafromsome9,000childrenandfoundthatkidsaged9or10whoplayedvideogamesforabove-averageamountsoftimedidn’tshowanydifferencesinintelligencecomparedwiththoseplayingless.Twoyearslater,theydiscoveredthatby12,thekidsplayingvideogameshad2.5moreIQpointsthanaverage.(更近一些，在2020年，瑞典的研究人員研究了約9000名兒童的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)9歲或10歲且玩電子游戲時間高于平均水平的孩子，與玩游戲時間較少的孩子相比，在智力方面并沒有顯示出差異。兩年后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，到了12歲時，玩電子游戲的孩子比平均智商高出2.5分。)”可知，隨著時間的推移，玩電子游戲是有好處的，即能讓孩子的智商有所提高。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章開篇先是提到人們對電子游戲損害身心健康的擔(dān)憂，接著引出“大腦訓(xùn)練”游戲被認為可提升智力這一觀點以及相關(guān)的遷移效應(yīng)情況，然后重點通過將大腦訓(xùn)練游戲與電子游戲?qū)Ρ鹊难芯浚ㄈ?015年的研究以及2020年、2022年關(guān)于兒童玩電子游戲與智商關(guān)系的研究等），探討了電子游戲是否能提升認知能力、是否能讓我們變得更聰明這一話題，最后指出目前雖有一些積極發(fā)現(xiàn)，但還不能肯定電子游戲能讓我們更聰明，同時強調(diào)其有好處也有風(fēng)險，要謹慎判斷。選項B“CouldVideoGamesMakeUsSmarter?(電子游戲能讓我們變得更聰明嗎？)”很好地概括了文章圍繞電子游戲能否提升認知能力、讓我們變得更聰明這一核心內(nèi)容進行探討的主題，符合題意。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThePowerofPositivethinkingPositivethinkingisamentalattitudethatfocusesonthebrightsideoflifeandexpectspositiveoutcomes.___16___Throughoutthispiece,wewillexploretheconceptofpositivethinking,itsbenefits,andhowtocultivate(培養(yǎng))it.___17___Positivethinkingmeanschoosingtofocusonthepositiveaspectsofasituationratherthanconcentrateonthenegative.Itisnotaboutignoringproblemsbutratheraboutapproachingthemwithaconstructiveandhopefulmindset.Thisattitudecantransformthewaywefacechallengesandopenupnewpossibilitiesforsolutions.BenefitsofPositiveThinkingThebenefitsofpositivethinkingarevastandincludeimprovedmentalandphysicalhealth.Peoplewhopracticepositivethinkingtendtohavelowerstresslevelsandastrongerimmune(免疫的)system.___18___.Itisobviousthatoptimisticindividualsareoftenmorepleasanttobearoundandcanpromoteasupportiveenvironment.TechniquesforCultivatingPositiveThinking___19___.Oneeffectivetechniqueistochallengenegativethoughtsandreplacethemwithpositivestatements.Anotherusefulmethodistopracticegratitudebyfocusingonthethingsoneisthankfulforeachday.However,practicingpositivethinkingdoesnotmeanignoringreality.___20___.So,let’smakeanefforttocultivatethispositivemindset.A.InfluenceofPositiveThinkingB.UnderstandingPositiveThinkingC.Instead,itmeansfacinglife’supsanddownswithahopefuloutlookD.CultivatingpositivethinkingisaskillthatcanbedevelopedovertimeE.Additionally,positivethinkingcanpromotebetterpersonalrelationshipsF.SurroundingoneselfwithpositiveinfluencescancontributetoapositivemindsetG.Itisaphilosophythatencouragesindividualstofacechallengeswithoptimisticmindsets【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞“積極思考”這一主題展開，闡述了積極思考的含義、積極思考帶來的益處并介紹了培養(yǎng)積極思考的技巧?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Positivethinkingisamentalattitudethatfocusesonthebrightsideoflifeandexpectspositiveoutcomes.(積極思考是一種關(guān)注生活光明面并期待積極結(jié)果的心態(tài)。)”可知，上文提出積極思考這一概念。選項G“Itisaphilosophythatencouragesindividualstofacechallengeswithoptimisticmindsets(它是一種鼓勵人們以樂觀心態(tài)面對挑戰(zhàn)的理念。)”進一步對積極思考這種心態(tài)進行了闡釋，邏輯連貫，符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Positivethinkingmeanschoosingtofocusonthepositiveaspectsofasituationratherthanconcentrateonthenegative.Itisnotaboutignoringproblemsbutratheraboutapproachingthemwithaconstructiveandhopefulmindset.Thisattitudecantransformthewaywefacechallengesandopenupnewpossibilitiesforsolutions.(積極思考意味著選擇關(guān)注事態(tài)的積極方面，而非專注于消極之處。這并非是忽視問題，而是以一種建設(shè)性且充滿希望的心態(tài)去應(yīng)對問題。這種態(tài)度能夠改變我們面對挑戰(zhàn)的方式，并為找到解決方案開辟新的可能性。)”可知，本段主要解釋了積極思考的具體含義。選項B“UnderstandingPositiveThinking(理解積極思考)”能概括這部分對積極思考概念的解讀，符合語境。故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thebenefitsofpositivethinkingarevastandincludeimprovedmentalandphysicalhealth.Peoplewhopracticepositivethinkingtendtohavelowerstresslevelsandastrongerimmune(免疫的)system.(積極思考的益處眾多，包括改善身心健康。進行積極思考的人往往壓力水平更低，免疫系統(tǒng)也更強。)”可知，上文指出了積極思考的益處。選項E“Additionally,positivethinkingcanpromotebetterpersonalrelationships(此外，積極思考能夠促進更好的人際關(guān)系。)”繼續(xù)闡述了積極思考的另一個益處，與前文并列，符合語境。故選E。19題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“TechniquesforCultivatingPositiveThinking(培養(yǎng)積極思考技巧)”可知，本段講述了積極思考的技巧。選項D“Cultivatingpositivethinkingisaskillthatcanbedevelopedovertime(培養(yǎng)積極思考是一種可以隨時間發(fā)展的技能)”呼應(yīng)了小標(biāo)題，引出了后面介紹具體培養(yǎng)技巧的內(nèi)容，符合邏輯。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“However,practicingpositivethinkingdoesnotmeanignoringreality.(然而，踐行積極思考并不意味著忽視現(xiàn)實。)”可知，上文指出積極思考并不意味著忽視現(xiàn)實。選項C“Instead,itmeansfacinglife’supsanddownswithahopefuloutlook(相反，它意味著帶著充滿希望的前景去面對生活的起起落落。)”對前文進行了承接，解釋了踐行積極思考真正意味著什么，符合語境。故選C。第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Tomandhisbestfriend,Jack,werebothnatureenthusiasts.Theylovedexploringthegreatoutdoorsandhadplannedatwo-day___21___inthemountains.Theyhad___22___alltheessentials,includingamap,compass(指南針),firstaidkit,andenoughfood.Thefirstday’sdaytimewas___23___.Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.Despiteusingtheircompass,thethickforestand___24___affectedtheirnavigation(導(dǎo)航).Hearing___25___water,theydiscoveredariveranddecidedtofollowit,hopingforacampsite.Theriverwaswiderandfasterthanexpected.Theyattemptedto___26___viaafallentree,butitbrokeunderTom’s___27___,andhefellintotheriver,___28___bythecurrent.Jackracedalongthe___29___,eventuallyreachingTomastherivercalmed.Usingabranch,hepulledTomtosafety.Wetand____30____,theymadecamp,startingafiretodryoffandwarmup.Theyspentthenight____31____theirsurvivalandtheneedtorespectnature.Thenextday,asearchandrescueteamfoundthem,havingbeenreported____32____bytheirfamilies.Theexperiencehadbeen____33____,butithadalsotaughtthemavaluable____34____abouttheimportanceofbeingpreparedand____35____thepowerofnature.21A.hike B.run C.play D.rest22.A.stored B.forgotten C.ordered D.packed23.A.uneventful B.worthless C.boring D.disappointing24.A.danger B.wild C.equipment D.darkness25.A.freezing B.deep C.rushing D.clear26.A.swim B.cross C.fight D.jump27.A.height B.weight C.size D.appearance28.A.sweptaway B.burnedout C.pickedup D.takenover29.A.forest B.bank C.path D.hill30.A.excited B.energetic C.tired D.emotional31.A.reflectingon B.concentratingon C.stickingto D.respondingto32.A.dangerous B.proud C.missing D.concerned33.A.meaningful B.frightening C.individual D.beneficial34.A.struggle B.journey C.lesson D.emergency35.A.enjoying B.admiring C.ignoring D.respecting【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Tom和Jack一次戶外徒步旅行中的冒險經(jīng)歷，包括準(zhǔn)備、迷路、遇險、自救以及事后的反思和教訓(xùn)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們熱愛探索戶外，并計劃了一次為期兩天的山地徒步旅行。A.hike徒步旅行；B.run跑；C.play玩；D.rest休息。根據(jù)上文“Theylovedexploringthegreatoutdoors”以及下文“Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.”可知，倆人計劃了一次山地徒步旅行。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們打包了所有必需品，包括地圖、指南針、急救包和足夠的食物。A.stored存儲；B.forgotten忘記；C.ordered訂購、命令；D.packed打包。根據(jù)上文可知，倆人計劃了一次山地徒步旅行；再根據(jù)空后“alltheessentials,includingamap,compass(指南針),firstaidkit,andenoughfood”可推測，倆人計劃了徒步旅行后，打包了徒步旅行的必需品。故選D。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：第一天的白天平淡無奇。A.uneventful平淡無奇的；平靜無事的；B.worthless無價值的；C.boring無聊的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)下文“Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.”以及“However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.”中的“however”可推測，第一天的白天一切順利，沒什么事情發(fā)生。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管使用了指南針，但茂密的森林和黑暗影響了他們的導(dǎo)航。A.danger危險；B.wild野外；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.darkness黑暗。根據(jù)上文“However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.”可知，天黑后他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己迷路了。再根據(jù)上文“thethickforest”可推測，森林和黑暗影響了導(dǎo)航。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：聽到湍急的流水聲，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一條河，并決定沿著它走，希望能找到