2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時分層作業(yè)4Unit2Improvingyourself含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGE1-課時分層作業(yè)(四)Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Weallknowhowimportantsecurity(平安)istoyourenvironment.2．Asbabies，werely(依靠)entirelyonothersforfood.3．Manydivorcedfathersonlyhaveaccesstotheirchildrenatweekends.4．Heatthesauce，stirringconstantly．5．Wefirstbuildupadetailedprofile(概況)ofourcustomersandtheirrequirements.6．Ihadothermatterstooccupyme，duringthedayatleast.7．Theplanisdesignedtomotivate(激勵)employeestoworkmoreefficiently.8．Doyouthinkshe'llnoticeifIswitch(轉(zhuǎn)換)myglasswithhers?Ⅱ.閱讀理解AFromaveryearlyage，somechildrenexhibitbetterself-controlthanothers.Now，anewstudythatbeganwithabout1，000childreninNewZealandhastrackedhowachild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.Researchershavebeenstudyingthisgroupofchildrenfordecadesnow.Theyobservedthelevelofself-controltheyoungstersdisplayed.Parents，teachers，eventhekidsthemselves，scoredtheyoungstersonmeasureslike“actingbeforethinking”and“Persistenceinreachinggoals.”ThestudyledbyMoffittofDukeUniversityandcolleaguesfollowed1，000childrenfrombirthtoage32inDunedin，NewZealand.“Thechildrenwhohadthelowestself-controlwhentheywereagethreetoten，lateronhadthemosthealthproblemsintheir30s，”Moffittsaid，“andtheyhadtheworstfinancialsituation.Theyweremorelikelytohaveacriminalrecordandtoberaisingachildasasingleparentonaverylowincome.”Moffittexplainedthatself-controlproblemswerewidelyobserved，andweren'tjustafeatureofasmallgroupofmisbehavingkids.Moffittsaidit'sstillunclearwhysomechildrenhavebetterself-controlthanothers，thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearnedbehavior，withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.Butgoodself-controlcanbesettoruninfamiliesbecausechildrenwithgoodself-controlaremorelikelytogrowuptobehealthyandprosperousparents.Butthegoodnews，Moffittsaid，isthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparents，andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.【語篇解讀】文章主要講解并描述了自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。而孩子較強的自我限制實力能夠確定將來的勝利與健康。此外，良好的教養(yǎng)可以提高自我限制實力，遺傳因素對其影響較小。1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat________．A．theresearchhasbeencarriedoutforfiveyearsB．self-controlinkidstendstodeterminetheirfutureC．self-controlwasassessedbychildren'sintelligenceD．children'sself-controlisalmostthesameatearlyageB[理解推斷題。依據(jù)前兩段的“achild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。由此可知，自我限制強的孩子往往能確定自己的將來。故選B。]2．Childrenwithlowself-controlaremorelikelyto________．A．becomewealthyinlaterlifeB．getgoodschoolperformanceC．havebetterfinancialplanningD．a(chǎn)doptnegativebehaviorsD[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“achild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。由此可知，自制力弱的孩子更有可能養(yǎng)成消極的行為。故選D。]3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Self-controlcannotbetaughtinschools.B．Thestudyisrestrictedwithinfewparticipants.C．It'snevertoolatetodealwithself-controlproblems.D．Goodparentingcanimproveself-controlandlifesuccess.D[推斷理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearnedbehavior，withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.”可知自我限制實力是一個學(xué)習(xí)行為，遺傳因素對其影響較小。又“Moffittsaid，isthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparents，andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.”可知自我限制實力須要被父母教授。由此推知，良好的教養(yǎng)可以提高自我限制實力，更有可能收獲勝利。故選D。]4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Child'sSelf-controlPredictsFutureHealth，successB．KidsareEncouragedtoTakeRisksatanEarlyAgeC．Children'sDevelopmentCannotbeChangedbyTeachersD．HowtoTeachtheKidsaBitofSelf-controlinschools.A[標題歸納題。縱觀全文，文章主要講解并描述了自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。而孩子的自我限制實力能夠確定將來的勝利與健康。故選A。]BWhenweareyoungwearetaughtthatit'swrongtolieandweshouldalwaystellthetruth.Unfortunately，mostchildrenlieevenifthey'retoldnotto.ResearchcarriedoutattheInstituteofChildStudyatTorontoUniversityhasshownthatthismightnotbesuchabadthing.Apparently(明顯地)，childrenwhotelllieswhenthey'retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults(成年人)．Accordingtotheresearch，attheageoftwo，20percentofchildrenlie.Attheageofthree，50percentlie，andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.Lyingneedsmuchbrainwork，andthebetterthelieis，themoreworkthebrainhastodo.Bytrainingthebrainearly，researchersbelievechildrenwillbeabletothinkmoreclearlywhentheyareadults.Recentresearch，carriedoutbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，hasshownsomeinterestingfactsaboutthewaywelieasadults.Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that'sover1，000liesayear.However，theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday.Mostpeoplethinkwomenarebetterliars(說謊者)thanmenalthoughinfacttheytellfewerlies.Popularwomen'sliesinclude‘Nothing'swrong，I'mfine'，‘Idon'tknowwhereitis，Ihaven'ttouchedit'，and‘Itwasn'tthatexpensive'.Somepeoplesayyoucanlieaslongasit'sawhitelie.Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone'sfeelings.Oneofthemostcommonliesforbothmenandwomenis‘It'sjustwhatI'vealwayswanted'，saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner.【語篇解讀】文章主要是有關(guān)謊言的調(diào)查探討。5．Whatwillhappentoyoungchildrenwholie?A．Theywillpossiblydowronglater.B．They'relikelytosucceedinthefuture.C．Theywillkeeplyingwhentheygrowup.D．Theymayhaveagoodchanceoflosingothers'trust.B[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“childrenwhotelllieswhenthey'retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults(成年人)．(兩歲時說謊的孩子很有可能成為勝利的成年人)”可知，撒謊的小孩在以后很可能會取得勝利。故選B。]6．WhatdothenumbersinPara.2showaboutchildren?A．Olderchildrentellbiggerliesthanyoungerones.B．Astheygrowtheyoftenlieabouttheirage.C．Theoldertheyare，themorelikelytheylie.D．It'squitenaturalforthemtotelllies.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的探討結(jié)果“Accordingtotheresearch，attheageoftwo，20percentofchildrenlie.Attheageofthree，50percentlie，andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.(依據(jù)這項探討，20%的兒童在兩歲時撒謊。三歲時，50%的孩子撒謊，四歲時，90%的孩子撒謊。到了12歲，幾乎每個孩子都會說謊。)”可知，隨著孩子年齡的增長，其說謊的概率也在增長。故選C。]7．WhatdidtheresearchbytheScienceMuseumfindout?A．Menliemorethanwomen.B．Womenarebetterliarsthanmen.C．Women'sliesareusuallynotserious.D．Mensometimeshavetolietowomen.A[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that'sover1，000liesayear.However，theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday.(調(diào)查顯示，英國男性平均每天說謊三次；一年就有超過1000個謊言。然而，女性平均每天只會說謊兩次。)”可知，男性比女性說的謊多。故選A。]8．What'sthetruefeelingbehindtheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Youknowmesowell.B．Idon'tlikethepresent.C．Youaregoodatpickingpresents.D．Ihaven'treceivedapresentIreallylike.B[詞義揣測題。劃線部分是上文“Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone'sfeelings.”說明善意的謊言是一種避開損害某人感情的謊言；下文“saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner”說明這句話是在收到來自伙伴的禮物后說的話，由此可知，劃線部分是一句善意的謊言，其實說話者并不喜愛這件禮物。故選B。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五WhenIreceivedmyadmissiondecisionforMiddlebury，mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的)shock.1Feelingunprepared，Iwasconsideringtakingagapyear.However，inprocessingthis，Icouldonlythinkaboutthenegativepointsoftakingabreakbetweenhighschoolandcollege.Iwouldfallbehindmypeers.IwouldforgeteverythingIlearnedinhighschoolwithsevenmonthsofnolearning.2UponarrivingatMiddleburyfortheadmittedstudentdays，Iwasamazedatthebeautyofthetownandthecampus.WhilespeakingwithMiddkids(asstudentsarecalled)，theyallappearedhappyandgenerallystress-free.3InAugust，afewMiddkidsIhadmetandbefriendedduringtheadmittedstudentdayssuggestedgoingtoNewburyport，MAforaweek.Forthefirsttime，IwentonaroadtripwithsomeoneIhadonlyknownforafewmonths.Yet，thistripshowedmethefreedomofbeinganindependentadultinawayIhadnotfeltathome.4Mygapsemesterwasthebestbeginningtoadulthoodbecauseithelpedmebecomematureinanunexpectedandenrichingmanner，5Tostudentsreflectingonagapyear，bebraveanddothingsthatareoutsideyourcomfortzone.Talktopeople:theworldhassomuchtoteach.A．Ididn'tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandidatetogetaccepted.B．Itwasmywayoflettinggoandstartinganewchapterofmylife.C．ButeventuallyIdecidedtoapplytoMiddleburyforafewreasons.D．Ialsoopenedmymindtothebenefitsoftalkingsometimeofffrommystudies.E．IfeltlikeagapyearwouldnarrowdownwhatIwantedtostudyanddoinmylife.F．MytripsprovidedmewithasenseoffreedomandindependenceIdidnotexperienceduringmyteens.G．OnceIrestartedmyacademicstudies，Iwouldactuallyperformbetterthanthosewhowentstraightfromhighschooltocollege.【語篇解讀】文章主要講解并描述了作者的間隔年旅行如何讓他成為一個自由獨立的成年人。1．A[依據(jù)上文中的“mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的)shock(我驚訝地張大嘴巴)”可以看出，被Middlebury錄用是意料之外的事情。因此可推想出在眾多申請者中他應(yīng)當(dāng)是很一般的。選項A“Ididn'tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandida