2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit5HumansandnaturePart4Lesson3RacetothePole課時作業(yè)含解析北師大版必修第二冊

PAGEUnit5HumansandnaturePart4Lesson3RacetothePole必備學問基礎練進階訓練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Iamgoingtolearnto________(滑雪)duringthewinterholiday.2．Mymotherboughtmeapairof________(靴子)asmybirthdaygift.3．Iammakingeveryefforttobe________(興奮的)everydaywhateverhappens.4．Shefinallyachievedher________(理想)ofbecomingawriter.5．Makefulluseoftodayandmakeagood________(打算)fortomorrow.6．The________(探險者)keptajournalofhisadventure.7．The________(隊長)ofourteamhasresigned.8．Warmthmeltedsomeofthe________(極地的)ice.9．Thesefactsareenoughto________(證明)thatsheisright.10．Therearetwolongriverswithinthe________(大陸)．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Itishardformetogiveaspeechwithout________(prepare)．2．Successmustbe________(base)onacleargoalandhardwork.3．Ifyouareworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyour________(anxious)withyourdoctor.4．Thefanswereshoutingand________(cheer)whentheteamscoredanothergoal.5．Whatisthe________(distant)betweenBeijingandGuangzhou?6．Mothersarealwayshighly________(ambition)fortheirchildren.7．Abigprogramofoil________(explore)hasbegunoffshore.8．Thesecretofsuccessis________(honest)andfairdealing.9．Noonedoubtsyour________(sincere)．10．Oursoldierswerefightingwiththeenemy________(brave)．Ⅲ.短語填空breakdown，inpreparationfor，makeprogress，atonetime，puton，onthewayto，havedifficultyindoing...，carryon，leavefor，fornothing1．Let'scollectnewmaterial________________theexperiment.2．Ihopewecan________________inthecomingyear.3．Ilostmycellphone________________thezoo.4．We________________findingaparkingplace.5．________________theschoolweremainlyattachedtothechurch.6．Tomorrow,hewill________________Japantoattendanimportantmeeting.7．Yougavemethewrongaddressandmademegoallthatway________________.8．Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewillto________________withhislifeandhiswork.9．Mycar________________suddenlywhenIwasdrivingalongtheroad.10．Itiscoldoutside.Youshould________________moreclothes.Ⅳ.語法專練請依據要求寫出所給單詞的相應形式。explorer→________(動詞)preparation→________(動詞)base→________(形容詞)anxiously→________(名詞)cheerful→________(動詞)distant→________(名詞)polar→________(名詞)hope→________(形容詞)ambition→________(形容詞)sad→________(名詞)Ⅴ.課文語法填空TheracetotheSouthPolewasbetweenCaptainScottandtheNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.CaptainScottleftLondontobeginhisjourneytoAntarcticaon1June,1910.OnhiswaytoAntarctica,hereceivedamessagefromAmundsen1.________saidhewasgoingsouth,too.Thentheracebegan.Togetpreparedfortheirjourneysthenextyear,bothteamsorganisedtheirfood2.________(base)duringthepolarsummerof1910～1911.Thencamethetotal3.________(dark)ofthepolarwinter.Thetwoexplorerswaited4.________(anxious)forspring.ThefirsttoleavewasAmundsen,whosetoffon8September,1911,withteamsofdogs5.________(pull)thesledges.Allhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.On1November,Scottleftandsoon6.________(have)problems.Histwosledgesbrokedownandthenthehorseshaddifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.As7.________result,Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledges8.________(them).So,whenScottandhisfourteammembersfinallyarrivedatthePole,theywereshockedtoseetheNorwegianflagthere.Theyrealisedthattheyhadfailedtowintherace.Then,theypreparedforthereturnjourney.Itwasoneofthe9.________(bad)inthehistoryofexploration.Theyhadtoface800milesofhardpushing.Theyweresoonverytiredandwhatwasworse,theywererunningout10.________food.Unfortunately,theydidn'tmakeittotheirfoodbase.ThenewsofScott'sdeathwasreallyshocking.ButthegreatcourageshownbyScottandhisteammembersmadethemheroes.關鍵實力綜合練進階訓練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀ANosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornado(龍卷風)fromtheTVthanitwasontopofus.ItwastheloudestthingIhaveeverheard.Thewindbegantoroar(咆哮)throughthehouse.Wehadthreeflightsofsteps(三段樓梯)togettothefirstfloor.Theclosetdownthereisunderneathabrickstaircase,whichseemedlikethestrongestplaceinourhousetowaitthingsout.Itfeltasiftherewerenofloorunderneathmeasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Aswefinallyreachedthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewout.Glassfleweverywhere.Suddenly,athree-foot-longtreebranchhitthedoorframe.Itflewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.Hadwebeenonestepup,itwouldhavekilledus.Wegotclosetothestaircaseonlytoheartheloudsoundofourgaragedoorcomingoff.Thebackwallofthehousefollowedandwastornoffintothedarknessoutside.BythetimeIreachedthecloset,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn'tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IgotJimmy'sarmandtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneeswerefullofglass,butinthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn'tbelieveitwasover.Thetornadolastedfourminutes.Tous,itfeltlikealifetime.Inthattime,fourofthetwelvetownhousesinourunitwerecompletelydestroyed.Ofthehousesleftstanding,ourssufferedthemostdamage.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.1．Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A．Theirhousewasoneofthehousesintheunitthatwerecompletelydestroyed.B．Itwashardtomakeittothefirstfloorbecausetherewasnofloorunderneaththem.C．Theydecidedtohideinthebrickstaircasebecauseitwasthestrongestplacetohide.D．Ifthetornadohadn'tstoppedintime,Jimmywouldhavebeenblownawayintothedarkness.2．Whathappenedfirstwhentheygotclosetothestaircase?A．Theyheardthatthegaragedoorcameoff.B．TheauthorwaspusheddowntotheclosetbyJimmy.C．Atreebranchhitthedoorframeandflewovertheirheads.D．Thebackwallofthehousetoreoffintothedarknessoutside.3．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheirexperience?A．Thrillingbutsmooth.B．Frighteningbutlucky.C．Sufferingandmiserable.D．Painfulandunfortunate.4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LoveDefeatsEverythingB．ATornadoontheWayC．AnUnforgettableExperienceD．TheLife-Long4MinutesBStonehenge,theworld-famouscircleofstonecolumnsmayhavehadabrother.Amuchbigger,olderbrother.UniversityofBradfordresearchersannouncedtheyhaddiscoveredabout100stonescoveringseveralacresthoughttohavebeenbuiltaround4,500yearsago.TheStonehengeHiddenLandscapesProjectdiscoveredthemonument,whichisnearDurringtonWalls,alsoknownas“superhenge”.Theevidencewasfoundunder3feetofearth.Someofthestonesarethoughttohavestood15feettallbeforetheywere_toppled.“Ourradardatahasshownanamazingrowofupto90standingstones,anumberofwhichhavesurvivedafterbeingpushedover,andalargebankplacedoverthestones.”saidprofessorWolfgangNeubauer,directoroftheLudwigBoltzmannInstituteforArchaeologicalProspectionandVirtualArchaeology.“Intheeast,upto30stones...havesurvivedbelow，”hesaid.“TheextraordinaryscaleanddetailsoftheevidenceproducedbytheStonehengeHiddenLandscapesProject,aregreatlychangingourunderstandingofStonehengeandtheworldaroundit，”Neubaueradded.“EverythingwrittenbeforeabouttheStonehengelandscapeandtheancientmonumentswithinitwillneedtoberewritten，”saidPaulGarwood,ascientistandleadhistorianontheprojectattheUniversityofBirmingham.ThefindingswereannouncedonthefistdayoftheBritishScienceFestivalbeingheldattheUniversityof5．ComparedtotheStonehenge,thesuperhengeisbelievedtobe________.A．1,000yearsearlierB．1,000yearslaterC．3,500yearsearlierD．4,500yearsearlier6．Whatdoresearchersthinkofthesuperhenge?A．Itisthebiggestmonumentdiscoveredintheworld.B．ItwasbuiltmuchlaterthantheStonehenge.C．ItisthelargestsurvivingstonemonumentfoundinEngland.D．ItisbetterprotectedthantheStonehenge.7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“weretoppled”mostprobablymean?A．Setup.B．Pusheddown.C．Movedaway.D．Broughtup.8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ThesouthernEnglandhasmanyhistoricsitesB．TheBritishScienceFestivalwillbeheldagainC．BiggerBrothertoStonehengehasbeendiscoveredD．TheProjectattheUniversityⅡ.七選五ThePowerofaTouchToooftenweignorethepowerofatouch.__1__Itcanhurtanditcanheal.Touchpeopleinanegativewayandyoumaygetastrongreaction(反應)youdidn'texpect.Touchtheminasafeandaffectionateway,andyou'llprobablygetjustagoodresponse—onlythisoneyouwillwelcome.Touchispowerfulforinfants.__2__Studieshaveshownthatbabieswholacktouchhaveasignificantlyhighermortalityrate(死亡率)thanthosewhoareheldandcuddled(懷抱)bycaringadults.Touchispowerfulforteenagers.Teenswhoaretouchedcommunicatebetter.Manyadolescentsasserttheirindependencebyrefusingtobehuggedbytheirparents.__3__Thatactoftouchcommunicatesloveinapowerfulway.Itwillfrequentlybreakdownemotionalbarriersandevenhelpyoungpeopleto“open”upandtalkaboutwhatisontheirminds.Touchispowerfulforadults.Bothmenandwomenwhoaretouchedarehappierandhealthier.AccordingtoUniversityofColoradoresearchers,mostadultswouldliketobetouchedmore.____5__Learntheartofacaringtouchandyou'lldiscoveramagicalkeythatopensthelivesandheartsofthoseyoucareabout.A．Touchingispowerful.B．Touchispowerfulfortheolders.C．Newbornswhoaretouchedwillgrowhealthily.D．Theyneedtouchingwhentheyarehungryorsuffering.E．Butmostofthemwillacceptasimplebackorshouldermassage.F．Negativetouchaswellaspositivetouchhasagreateffectonemotions.G．Holdingahandorofferingahugcanwarmheartsandhealrelationshipslikenothingelsecan.Ⅲ.完形填空Igrewupthe“baby”ofmyfamily.Iwasthe__1__ofthreesons.Myelderbrothershandledmostofthesmallroutinetasks.Ispentmychildhoodwithallthefunandnoneofthe__2__.BythetimeIenteredmyearlyteens，however,bothofmybrothershadmoved__3__ourhome.MyDadhadinjuredhisbackandbecome__4__.Wehadmovedtoamountaintophouse__5__byastove.IsoonfoundmyselfdoingmoreworkthanIhadeverdonebefore.I__6__ourgardeninthespringandsummer.InthefallI__7__andpiledwooduptokeepus__8__inthewintermonthstocome.AndallyearroundI__9__heavyfivegalloncontainersofwaterfromamountainspringbacktoourhouse__10__wecouldhavewatertodrinkandcookwith.AtfirstI__11__andwasn'tsatisfied.Afterawhile,though,Ibegantofind__12__inhelpingmyparentsthatIlovedsomuch.IsangtomyselfwhileIpiledwoodupandsmiledwhileIcarriedwater.I__13__foundmyselfhelpingmymomwiththedinnerdishesandcleaning.Istartedto__14__somethingthatIwouldcarrywithmetherestofmy__15__too:Whenyourworkisdoneinlove,itisn'twork.1．A.smartestB．laziestC．youngestD．strangest2．A.effortB．preparationC．patienceD．responsibility3．A.nexttoB．outofC．alongwithD．owingto4．A.confidentB．disabledC．talkativeD．humorous5．A.builtB．supportedC．heatedD．destroyed6．A.plantedB．weededC．visitedD．fenced7．A.harvestedB．recordedC．carriedD．admired8．A.healthyB．apartC．safeD．warm9．A.draggedB．dugC．pipedD．stored10．A.soB．whileC．becauseD．but11．A.liedB．quitC．complainedD．wandered12．A.hopeB．pityC．painD．joy13．A.evenB．seldomC．aloneD．again14．A.promoteB．realizeC．confuseD．explained15．A.journeyB．cashC．lifeD．expenseⅣ.語法填空Onceuponatime,therelivedanoldmanwhousedtostickhisnoseintoothers'business.Heusedtospread1.________(rumor)abouteveryonehedisliked.Likewise,onefineday,he2.________(start)toshoutJimwasathief.Becauseofthat,Jim3.________(arrest).Astheinvestigationwenton,theyoungmanwasproveninnocent.Jimfelthumiliated(使蒙羞)ashewalkedbacktohishomeafter4.________(get)released.Hesuedtheoldmanforwronglyaccusinghim.Inthecourt,5.________oldmantoldthejudgetheywerejustcommentsandthattheydidnotharmanyone.Thejudge,beforepassingsentenceonthecase,saidtotheoldman,“Writewhateveryouwant6.________(say)onapieceofpaper.Tearthepaper7.________smallpiecesasyougobackhome.Tomorrow,8.________(come)backtohearthesentence.”Astheoldmanwaswalkingbacktohishome,hedid9.________thejudgetoldhim.Tothis,thejudgereplied,“Inthesamemanner,simplecommentsmaydestroythehonourofamantosuchanextentthatoneisnotabletofixit.Theoldmannowrealisedhismistakeandpleadedfor10.________(forgive)．”Part4Lesson3RacetothePole必備學問基礎練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．ski2.boots3.cheerful4.ambition5.preparation6.explorer7．ve10.continentⅡ.單句語法填空1．preparation2.based3.anxiety4.cheering5.distance6．ambitious7.exploration8.honesty9.sincerity10.bravelyⅢ.短語填空1．inpreparationfor2.makeprogress3.onthewayto4．haddifficultyin5.Atonetime6.leavefor7.fornothing8．carryon9.brokedown10.putonⅣ.語法專練explore,prepare,basic,anxiety,cheer,distance,pole,hopeful,ambitious,sadnessⅤ.課文語法填空1．答案與解析：which/that考查定語從句。此句中用關系代詞which或者that替代先行詞amessage在從句中做主語。2．答案與解析：bases考查名詞的數。依據句意“兩隊人建立了他們的食物補給基地”可知，這里base應用復數形式。3．答案與解析：darkness考查名詞。由空格前的冠詞the和形容詞total可知該空應用名詞。4．答案與解析：anxiously考查副詞。用副詞anxiously修飾句子的謂語動詞waited，表示“著急地等待”。5．答案與解析：pulling考查非謂語動詞。在with獨立結構中，非謂語動詞的形式與其前面的名詞在邏輯上保持一樣，這里dogs和pullthesledges之間是主動關系，所以用pulling。6．答案與解析：had考查時態(tài)。從該句的時間狀語和并列謂語動詞left可知應用過去時。7．答案與解析：a考查冠詞和固定短語。短語asaresult表示“結果，因此”。8．答案與解析：themselves考查代詞。此處用反身代詞表示Scott及隊員“他們自己”推雪橇。9．答案與解析：worst考查形容詞。依據定冠詞the和句意可知，這里用bad的最高級表示“他們的返程是人類探險史上最糟糕的事務之一”。10．答案與解析：of考查介詞。此空考查短語runoutof“耗盡”。關鍵實力綜合練Ⅰ.閱讀A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，描述了作者和她的丈夫所經驗的一次龍卷風，龍卷風雖然只持續(xù)了四分鐘，卻讓作者感覺像是一生那么長。1．答案與解析：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據倒數其次段的“IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.”可知，假如龍卷風沒有剛好停止的話，Jimmy就會被刮走。故選D。2．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段內容可知，C項內容是在他們靠近樓梯前發(fā)生的，所以首先解除；依據第三段中的“Wegotclosetothestaircaseonlytoheartheloudsoundofourgaragedoorcomingoff.Thebackwallofthehousefollowedandwastornoffintothedarknessoutside.BythetimeIreachedthecloset,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn'tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.”可知，“我們”靠近樓梯時，只聽到車庫門掉了下來，緊接著就是后面的墻不知道被吹到了哪里。當“我”掙扎到小房間時，龍卷風已過境一分多鐘了。吉米把“我”推了進來，自己卻進不來。故選A。3．答案與解析：B推理推斷題。依據作者對這次龍卷風的描述可知，這次大風特別令人恐驚，依據最終的“Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.”可知，他們也很幸運，故選B。4．答案與解析：D標題歸納題。文章主要講解并描述了作者所經驗的龍卷風雖然只持續(xù)了四分鐘，但作者感覺如同一生那么長。依據“Thetornadolastedfourminutes.Tous，itfeltlikealifetime.”可知，以TheLife-Long4Minutes作為標題最為貼切。故選D。B【語篇解讀】布拉德福德高校的探討者在英國的巨石陣旁邊發(fā)覺了一個規(guī)模更大的巨石陣，該巨石陣的存在將會變更關于巨石陣描寫的內容。5．答案與解析：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段第一句中的thoughttohavebeenbuiltaround4,500yearsago可知，超級巨石陣是在4500年前建立的；而依據其次段第三句中的whichisbelievedtohavebeencompleted3,500yearsago可知，巨石陣是3500年前建立的；因此超級巨石陣早了1000年。6．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段的“...isthelargestsurvivingstonemonument...haseverbeendiscoveredinBritainandpossiblyinEurope...”可知，C項與該意思相符。7．答案與解析：B詞義揣測題。依據“Someofthestonesarethoughttohavestood15feettallbeforetheywere...”中的tohavestood可知，該詞的意思應當是“倒塌；使倒塌”的意思，所以選B項。8．答案與解析：C主旨大意題。依據文章第一段的“...mayhavehadabrother.Amuchbigger,olderbrother.”可知，該文章主要講解并描述的是巨石陣還有一個“大哥哥”的事情。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明觸摸的力氣以及在每個年齡段(嬰兒、青少年、成人)所起的作用。1．答案與解析：F考查過渡連接句。依據下一句“它會傷人，也能治愈人”，再結合后面的進一步說明“inanegativeway”“inasafeandaffectionateway”可知，這是說消極的觸摸或主動的觸摸，故選F。2．答案與解析：C考查過渡連接句。依據前面的“infants”和后面的“babies”可知，這里與嬰兒有關，所以答案選有“Newborns”的C項。3．答案與解析：E考查過渡連接句。依據前一句中的“hug(擁抱)”和后面的“actoftouch”都與身體接觸相關，而選項E中有“backorshouldermassage”，故答案選E項。4．答案與解析：G考查細微環(huán)節(jié)注釋句。依據這一段的其次句“被摩挲的男人和