專題04 動詞語態(tài)

專題04被動語態(tài)復(fù)習目標語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。本專題目的是要完全掌握被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成，能在語境中正確判斷被動語態(tài)使用及時態(tài)變化。熟練掌握中考的考向及解題方法及思路?？键c概覽被動語態(tài)在中考中一般以單項選擇題，語法選擇，選詞填空，完成句子出現(xiàn)在中考的試卷中。各省市主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)?？疾榈碾y點就是要判斷是否要使用被動語態(tài)，這是歷來學生出錯的地方。判斷的方法就是掌握動作的執(zhí)行者和承受著這一概念?？枷蛞唬罕粍诱Z態(tài)的定義定義：①主語是動作的執(zhí)行者（即某人做某事），叫主動語態(tài)。②主語是動作的承受著（即某事被做）叫被動語態(tài)。英語中只有兩種語態(tài)，一種為主動語態(tài)，另外一種為被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)就相當于我們中文的被字句。主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，謂語的動作源自主語，而施加于賓語表示主語是動作的承受者，主語是謂語動作的受動方漢語往往用"把"等動詞來表示主動意義。漢語往往用"被""受"等被動詞來表示被動意義

。直接使用動詞原形作為謂語基本形式：be+done考向二：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時am\is\are+done一般過去時was\were+done一般將來時（帶情態(tài)動詞）will（情態(tài)動詞）+be+done真題透視1.（2023·廣州·語法選擇）Thislittleone____LittleSix.Hewasweakandquiet.A.called B.wascalling C.wascalled D.werecalled【答案】C【解析】句意：這只小鳥被叫做小六。called稱呼，過去式；wascalling正在叫；wascalled被叫做，主語是第一人稱或單數(shù)；werecalled被叫做，主語是第二人稱或復(fù)數(shù)。此處“Thislittleone”與“call”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)。故選C。2.（2023·廣州·完成句子）我希望有一天我的繪畫作品會在美術(shù)館展出。Ihopeonedaymyartworks________________________intheartgallery.【答案】willbeshown【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，show表示“展出”，是動詞，和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“Ihopeoneday”可知，句子應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：willbedone。故填will；be；shown。3.（2023·湖北鄂州）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A.speak B.isspoken C.isspeaking D.speaks【答案】B【解析】句意：——在德國說哪種語言？——大多數(shù)人會說德語，但也有很多人會說英語?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，句子主語language與動詞speak存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，則句子采用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：am/is/are+過去分詞。故選B。4.（2023·安徽）Computershavehadagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey________intoschools.A.introduce B.introduced C.areintroduced D.wereintroduced【答案】D【解析】句意：自從計算機被引入學校以來，它們對學習方法產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。since引導的時間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時，主語“they”指代“Computers”，與謂語動詞introduce“引進”之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)（weredone）。故選D。新題特訓1.（2023·北京）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted2.（2023·江蘇連云港）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted3.（2023·江蘇徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving4.（2023·江蘇連云港）Whileeveryone________thecomicspage,Ipickedupacopytoseewhatwassofunny.A.islaughingat B.laughedat C.laughsat D.waslaughingat5.（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused6.（2023·黑龍江牡丹市）The19thAsianGames________inHangzhoufromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.A.washeld B.willhold C.willbeheld7.（2023·吉林）—Theenvironmentofthistownisbetternow.—That’sbecauselotsoftrees________heremanyyearsago.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.willbeplanted8.（2023·大連）TheQatarWorldCup________fromNovember21toDecember18lastyear.A.holds B.held C.washeld D.isheld9.（2023·山東濱州）13.—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A.willexpecttodo B.isexpecteddoingC.hasexpecteddoing D.wasexpectedtodo10.HouYi________magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,thenPangMengtriedtostealit.A.gives B.hasgiven C.gave D.wasgiven11.—Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?—Firstofall,anewroad______,Ithink.A.mustbuild B.hastobuild C.mustbebuilt D.hasbuilt12.ThisEnglishsong_________bythegirlsafterclass.A.

oftensings B.

oftensang C.

isoftensang D.

isoftensung13.Attention,please!Allthemobilephones____duringthemeeting.A.mustbekeptoff B.arekeepingoffC.keptoff D.havekeptoff14.Manyofthestars______becausetheyarefarawayfromus.A.maynotsee B.needn’tseeC.cannotbeseen D.mustn’tbeseen15．—Oh,yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mum.It____yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A.didn’tclean B.isn’tcleaned C.wascleaned D.wasn’tcleaned16．﹣Excuseme，sir，smoking_____inthegasstation．﹣Oh，I'mawfullysorry．A．doesn'tallow B．isallowed C．a(chǎn)ren'tallowed D．isn'tallowed17.Daming______ifhedoesn'tfinishhishomeworkfirst．That'stherule．A．ispunished B.waspunished C．willbepunished D.punished18.Alotofstars________intheskyatnightinsummer.

A.canbeseen B.cansee C.isseen D.mightsee19.—Thefinalexamiscoming,Tom.Don'twatchTVfortoolong.—I'mnotachildanymore.I_________whattodo.

A.shouldalwaysbetold B.shouldalwaystellC.shouldn'talwaysbetold D.shouldn'talwaystell20.—Lily,willyougotoJenny’sbirthdaypartythisSaturday?—I’mnotsure.BecauseI_______sofar.A.haveinvited B.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tbeeninvited D.willbeinvited21．（2023·江蘇揚州三模）Thatwashisfirstinvention.Itwasamachine________clothes.A．thatwasusedtowash B．whichwasusedtowashingC．whichgotusedtowashing D．thatusedtowash22．（2023·江蘇鹽城二模）Threemorenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．willbuild B．isbuilt C．build D．willbebuilt23．（2023·江蘇南二模）—HaveyouheardofthemusicKisstheRain?—Yes.It_________everySaturdayeveningbymydaughterwhenshewasyoung.A．hasplayed B．isplayed C.wasplayed D.plays24．（2023·江蘇宿遷三模）—Wow!Allthebreadinthisstore________.—Yes.Thebreadtherealways________.A．sellsout;tasteswell B．sellsout;istastedgoodC．issoldout;istastedwell D．issoldout;tastesgood25．（2023·江蘇宿遷三模）—MayIwatchRunningMan3thisFridayevening,mom?—Ofcourse,ifyourhomework________bythen.A．willbefinished B．finishes C．willfinish D.isfinished26．（2023·河北廊坊二模）Theletter________inFrench.Ican’treadit.A．write B．willwrite C．iswritten D．willbewritten27．（2023·山東菏澤二模）—CouldIrideanelectricbicycletoschool,Mr.Wang?—No,you________.Studentsundertheageof16________torideelectricbicycles.A．can’t；don’tallowB．can’t；aren’tallowedC．couldn’t；shouldn’tallow28．（2023·江蘇泰州二模）—Howexciting!The19thAsianGames________inHangzhouinSeptember2023.—Yes,Ican’twaittowatchtheGames.A．holds B．isholding C．washeld D．willbeheld29．（2023·湖北武漢二模）—Isthereanythingweshouldpayspecialattentiontoduringthefinalexam?—Ofcourse.Studentsshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapers________.A．werecollected B．havebeencollectedC．collect D.willcollect30．（2023·河北唐山·統(tǒng)考二模）Lookatthepicture.ThetoptenMost-Improvedstudents________init.A．willbelisted B．list C．willlist D．a(chǎn)relisted31．（2023·江蘇南京二模）—Kitty,didyouenjoythefarewellparty?—Yes.We________wellbyourhosts.A．weretreated B．a(chǎn)retreated C．treated D．havetreated32．（2023·湖北襄陽一模）—IhearthatthefilmLangyaShanFiveHeroicMen（《狼牙山五壯士》）________nextweek.

—Really?Let’sgoandseetogetherthen.A．willshow B．isshown C．willbeshown D．showed33．（2023·山東菏澤一模）Marylookedverynervouswhenshe________tothefamousscientist.A．introduced B．wasintroduced C．isintroduced34．（2023·天津南開一模）Thisprojectstartedfiveyearsagoandit________nextyear.A．wascompleted B．completed C．willcomplete D.willbecompleted35．（2023·江蘇南通一模）—Howmanybookscan________atatime,MrsGreen?—Atmostthree.Andyoucan________themfortendaysbeforeyoumustreturnorrenewthem.A．borrow;keep B．beborrowed;keep C．borrow;borrow D．beborrowed;borrow36．（2023·山東菏澤二模）OnseveralstreetsinZibo,lines________outsidebarbecue（燒烤）restaurants.Sometimesthelinesstretch（伸展）formorethan100metersontheweekend.A．canbeseen B．cansee C．see37．（2023·山東淄博二模）Theoldpeopleshould________byus.A．betakegoodcareof B．takegoodcareofC．betakengoodcareof D．tookgoodcareof38．（2023·湖北二模）TheMonkeyKingisaChinesecartoonhero.He________bypeopleofallages.A．willlove B．wasloved C．isloved D．willbeloved39．（2023·江蘇南京預(yù)測）Youwon’tknowhowthebeautyofthisclassicalwork_________unlessyoureaditagainandagain.A．express B．expressed C．isexpressed D．hasexpressed40．（2023·河北保定二模）UncleSamplanstobuildaspecialhouse.It________outofoldthings.A．isbuilt B．hasbuilt C．wasbuilt D．willbebuilt二、用所給單詞的適當時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空（綜合訓練題，本題更能檢測學生語言運用能力。）1.Thestudent_________________（clean）theclassroomnow.2.Light__________________（travel）muchfasterthansound.3.Ourteachersaidthatshe_____________（assign）morehomeworkifwedidbadintheexams.4.I_______________（see）awonderfulfilmlastnight.5.Thestudents___________（have）amedicalexaminationnextmonth.6.Manystories________________________（write）bythewriterlastyear.7.Yesterdaywe_______________________（play）footballafterschool.8.Ayoungmanoften_________________（ask）mesomedifficultquestions.9.Awonderfulparty_______________________（give）tohimnextweek.10.Mother___________________（tell）meastoryeverynight.11.Rice_____________________（plant）inChina.12.Tom___________________（use）computereverySaturday.13.Maths____________________（teach）byMr.Cheninourclass.14.English____________________（speak）allovertheworld.15.Thefilm____________________（show）lastnight.16.We________________（paint）thehousebeforewemovedin.17.BeforeIrepairedmybike,mymother__________（buy）anewoneforme.

18.Greatchanges_________（take）placeinourcountryduringthepast20years.19.ThebookwrittenbyMoYan_______________（translate）in2014.20.People___________（build）Thebridgeovertheriverthreeyearsago.

21.I_____________（see）thefilmthreetimes.22.Hisparents______________（stay）inthecountrysideforover50days.23.Sarah______________（borrow）fivebooksfromthelibrarythreedaysago.24.Sarah__________（keep）thebookssincethreedaysago.25David__________（be）interestedinmusicwhenhewasyoung.26David__________（be）interestedinmusicsincehewasyoung.27.Thesepapers_________（notwrite）yet.28.Thework__________（finish）intwohours.29.Theroom_________（look）veryclean,it___________（clean）.30.Bythetimehewas26yearsold,heandhispartners_________（build）asuccessfulfashioncompany.

31.They______________（practise）singingatthattime32.Whilehe_____________（read）,he_____________（listen）tothemusicyesterday.33.Shepromisedtohelphimand_____________（give）himthreegoldenapples.34.Anewroad_________（build）nearmyschoolnextyear.35.SheandI_______（take）awalktogethereveryevening.36.Myauntisawriter.She_______（write）morethantenbookssince2000.37.Thetrain_________（arrive）already.When_______it________（arrive）?Idon’tknow.38.It_______________（rain）whenIwentoutyesterday.39.Hewantedtoknowifit___________（rain）tomorrow.Ifit____________（rain）tomorrow,he________（visit）hisfriends.40.He__________（stay）heretostudyFrenchin2022.He_________（stay）heretostudyFrenchsince2022.三、完成句子1.為了進一步美化校園，下個月會在學校種很多樹。Nextmonthmanytrees_____________________________inourschooltomakeitmorebeautiful.2.在中國，到處都有人打羽毛球。InChina,badminton_______________________everywhere.3.下一周，格林先生將被邀請做一個有關(guān)語言學習的講座。Mr.Green_____________________________togiveaspeechonlanguagelearningnextweek.4.這種自行車是在上海生產(chǎn)的。Thiskindofbike________________________inShanghai.5.所有的信件都必須放在這個綠色紙箱內(nèi)。Alltheletters________________________________inthisgreenpaperbox.6.Look!Thelights____________________________________________.7.你的臥室必須馬上打掃干凈。Yourbedroom_____________________rightnow.8.這項工作可以下周完成。Thework_______________________nextweek.9.禁止帶寵物入內(nèi)。Pets__________________________intothebuilding.10已經(jīng)買了好多水果和零食。Alotoffruitandsnacks_____________________.

專題04被動語態(tài)答案全解全析新題特訓1.（2023·北京）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted【答案】A【解析】句意：這個公園變得越來越美麗因為每年都有更多種花被種?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語“morekindsofflowers”與動詞plant之間是動賓關(guān)系，結(jié)合“everyyear”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredone。故選A。2.（2023·江蘇連云港）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted【答案】D【解析】句意：為了使環(huán)境更好，明年將種植更多的樹?？疾橐话銓頃r被動語態(tài)。主語moretrees與動詞plant之間被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合nextyear可知，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。3.（2023·江蘇徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving【答案】A【解析】句意：孫悟空是中國的一個傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛。考查被動語態(tài)及動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。4.（2023·江蘇連云港）Whileeveryone________thecomicspage,Ipickedupacopytoseewhatwassofunny.A.islaughingat B.laughedat C.laughsat D.waslaughingat【答案】D【解析】句意：當每個人都在笑漫畫頁時，我拿起一本，想看看是什么這么好笑?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。laughat“嘲笑”，本文是while引導的時間狀語從句，強調(diào)從句動作正在進行時主句動作發(fā)生，結(jié)合“Ipickedupacopy”可知，從句時態(tài)用過去進行時（was/weredoing），故選D。5.（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused【答案】D【解析】句意：當我還是個學生的時候，我的一些零花錢被用來買漫畫書。考查被動語態(tài)。分析題干可知，主語pocketmoney和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“WhenIwasapupil”可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。6.（2023·黑龍江牡丹市）The19thAsianGames________inHangzhoufromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.A.washeld B.willhold C.willbeheld【答案】C【解析】句意：第十九屆亞運會將于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州舉行。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“fromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.”可知，句子時態(tài)用一般將來時，且主語“The19thAsianGames”和謂語動詞hold之間是被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbe+動詞的過去分詞。故選C。7.（2023·吉林）—Theenvironmentofthistownisbetternow.—That’sbecauselotsoftrees________heremanyyearsago.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.willbeplanted【答案】B【解析】句意：——這個城鎮(zhèn)的環(huán)境現(xiàn)在好多了?！鞘且驗樵S多年前這里種了許多樹?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。本句主語是動作的承受者，結(jié)合時間狀語“manyyearsago”可知，動作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。8.（2023·大連）TheQatarWorldCup________fromNovember21toDecember18lastyear.A.holds B.held C.washeld D.isheld【答案】C【解析】句意：卡塔爾世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日舉行?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。本句主語“TheQatarWorldCup”是動作“hold”的承受者，時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。9.（2023·山東濱州）13.—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A.willexpecttodo B.isexpecteddoingC.hasexpecteddoing D.wasexpectedtodo【答案】D【解析】句意：——他能在比賽中獲得第一名嗎？——大家都希望他這樣，但他只是把腿弄傷了。現(xiàn)在不可能了。考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語He和expect之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，結(jié)合“buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.”可知，期望的動作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，beexpectedtodosth“被期望做某事”，固定短語，故選D。10.HouYi________magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,thenPangMengtriedtostealit.A.gives B.hasgiven C.gave D.wasgiven【答案】D【解析】句意：后羿因為射下了九個太陽而得到了神藥，然后逄蒙想偷走它。考查被動語態(tài)。分析句子可知，主語HouYi與謂語動詞give是被動關(guān)系，又根據(jù)“thenPangMengtriedtostealit”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+動詞過去分詞”，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用was，故選D。11.—Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?—Firstofall,anewroad______,Ithink.A.mustbuild B.hastobuild C.mustbebuilt D.hasbuilt【答案】C【解析】考查被動語態(tài)的用法。當主語是動作的承受著時要用被動形式。這里anewroad是動詞build的承受著。所以要用被動語態(tài)。含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成；情態(tài)動詞+be+PP.故答案選C12.ThisEnglishsong_________bythegirlsafterclass.A.

oftensings B.

oftensang C.

isoftensang D.

isoftensung【答案】D【解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為be動詞+動詞過去分詞，歌是被唱的，故選D。13.Attention,please!Allthemobilephones____duringthemeeting.A.mustbekeptoff B.arekeepingoffC.keptoff D.havekeptoff【答案】A【解析】考查被動語態(tài)的用法。當主語是動作的承受著時要用被動形式。這里Allthemobilephones“所有手機”是動詞keepoff（關(guān)機）的承受著。所以要用被動語態(tài)。含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成；情態(tài)動詞+be+PP.故答案選A14.Manyofthestars______becausetheyarefarawayfromus.A.maynotsee B.needn’tseeC.cannotbeseen D.mustn’tbeseen【答案】C【解析】這里考查含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)形式。May可能。needn’t不必。Cannot不能，mustn’t禁止。這里表示“能，會”所以選C。15．—Oh,yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mum.It____yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A.didn’tclean B.isn’tcleaned C.wascleaned D.wasn’tcleaned【答案】D【解析】句意：——哦，你的房間太臟了，邁克！——對不起，媽媽。昨天沒有打掃。我忘了做。A為一般過去時，主動語態(tài)；B為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動句；C為一般過去時的被動句；D為一般過去時的被動句。根據(jù)yesterday.可知，本題的時態(tài)為一般過去時，因此排除B；再根據(jù)Iforgottodoit.我忘了做。說明沒有打掃房間，因此排除C；句中的主語It是代指上文的yourroom，yourroom做主語，應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)，選項A為主動語態(tài)，排除，故選D。16．﹣Excuseme，sir，smoking_____inthegasstation．﹣Oh，I'mawfullysorry．A．doesn'tallow B．isallowedC．a(chǎn)ren'tallowed D．isn'tallowed【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)前文是smoking抽煙，動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，后文是inthegasstation在加油站，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是加油站不允許抽煙，由于主語smoking是動作的承受者，故用被動語態(tài)，結(jié)合下文時態(tài)I'mawfullysorry，即一般現(xiàn)在時的表示否定的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+not+done，故選D．17.Daming______ifhedoesn'tfinishhishomeworkfirst．That'stherule．A．ispunished B.waspunished C．willbepunished D.punished【答案】C【解析】if引導的條件狀語從句，根據(jù)句義可知主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時．主句的主語Daming與謂語動詞punish之間是被動關(guān)系，用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，由willbe+過去分詞構(gòu)成故選：C．18.Alotofstars________intheskyatnightinsummer.

A.canbeseen B.cansee C.isseen D.mightsee【答案】A【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。分析句意可推知,在夏天的晚上,在天空中能看到很多星星。該句的主語為stars,是動19—Thefinalexamiscoming,Tom.Don'twatchTVfortoolong.—I'mnotachildanymore.I_________whattodo.

A.shouldalwaysbetold B.shouldalwaystellC.shouldn'talwaysbetold D.shouldn'talwaystell【答案】C【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。由前一句答語“我不再是個小孩了”可推知,后一句表示“我不應(yīng)該總是被告訴做什么”。故選C。20.—Lily,willyougotoJenny’sbirthdaypartythisSaturday?—I’mnotsure.BecauseI_______sofar.A.haveinvited B.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tbeeninvited D.willbeinvited【答案】C【解析】這里考查現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。Sofar與現(xiàn)在完成時連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：have（has）been+PP。故答案選C21．（2023·江蘇揚州三模）Thatwashisfirstinvention.Itwasamachine________clothes.A．thatwasusedtowash B．whichwasusedtowashingC．whichgotusedtowashing D．thatusedtowash【答案】A【解析】句意：那是他的第一項發(fā)明。那是一臺用來洗衣服的機器?？疾楣潭ù钆洹８鶕?jù)“Itwasamachine”和“clothes”可知此處用beusedtodosth.“被用于做某事”；根據(jù)“was”可知為一般過去時，故選A。22．（2023·江蘇鹽城二模）Threemorenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．willbuild B．isbuilt C．build D．willbebuilt【答案】D【解析】句意：明年，在我們的城市里將再建3所新學校?？疾橐话銓頃r的被動語態(tài)。句子的主語Threemorenewschools和謂語動詞build之間是被動關(guān)系，再結(jié)合“nextyear”可知該句應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbebuilt。故選D。23．（2023·江蘇南二模）—HaveyouheardofthemusicKisstheRain?—Yes.It_________everySaturdayeveningbymydaughterwhenshewasyoung.A．hasplayed B．isplayed C.wasplayed D.plays【答案】C【解析】句意：——你聽過《雨的印記》這首音樂嗎？——是的。我女兒小的時候每個星期六晚上都演奏這首歌?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語it和謂語play“演奏”之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)“whenshewasyoung”可知此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/weredone。故選C。24．（2023·江蘇宿遷三模）—Wow!Allthebreadinthisstore________.—Yes.Thebreadtherealways________.A．sellsout;tasteswell B．sellsout;istastedgoodC．issoldout;istastedwell D．issoldout;tastesgood【答案】D【解析】句意：——哇！這家商店里所有的面包都賣完了?！堑摹Ｄ抢锏拿姘兜揽偸呛芎??？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)以及形容詞作表語。第一個句子的主語allthebread和謂語sellout“賣光”之間是被動語態(tài)bedone，排除AB；系動詞taste后作表語用形容詞，排除C。故選D。25．（2023·江蘇宿遷三模）—MayIwatchRunningMan3thisFridayevening,mom?—Ofcourse,ifyourhomework________bythen.A．willbefinished B．finishes C．willfinish D.isfinished【答案】D【解析】句意：——這個星期五晚上我可以看《奔跑吧兄弟3》嗎，媽媽？——當然，如果那時你的作業(yè)完成了?？疾橐话悻F(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。homework是finish這一動作的承受者，該用被動語態(tài)，排除B、C；if引導的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，此處是一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。26．（2023·河北廊坊二模）Theletter________inFrench.Ican’treadit.A．write B．willwrite C．iswritten D．willbewritten【答案】C【解析】句意：這封信是用法語寫的，我看不懂?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語theletter與謂語動詞write之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，即be動詞+動詞的過去分詞。由“can’t”可知，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以be動詞是is，write的過去分詞是written。故選C。27．（2023·山東菏澤二模）—CouldIrideanelectricbicycletoschool,Mr.Wang?—No,you________.Studentsundertheageof16________torideelectricbicycles.A．can’t；don’tallow B．can’t；aren’tallowed C．couldn’t；shouldn’tallow【答案】B【解析】句意：——王老師，我可以騎電動自行車上學嗎？——不，你不能。16歲以下的學生禁止騎電動自行車?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞和被動語態(tài)。原文中的“CouldI…?”并不表示過去時態(tài)，而是表更委婉的請求和許可。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表達的是現(xiàn)在的許可，回答應(yīng)用can’t，C選項可排除。第二空主語“Students”和謂語“allow”之間為動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故選B。28．（2023·江蘇泰州二模）—Howexciting!The19thAsianGames________inHangzhouinSeptember2023.—Yes,Ican’twaittowatchtheGames.A．holds B．isholding C．washeld D．willbeheld【答案】D【解析】句意：——太激動人心了！第十九屆亞運會將于2023年9月在杭州舉行?！堑?，我等不及要去看亞運會了?？疾橐话銓頃r的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“inSeptember2023”可知句子應(yīng)用一般將來時，主語The19thAsianGames與動詞hold存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，因此句子應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbe+過去分詞。故選D。29．（2023·湖北武漢二模）—Isthereanythingweshouldpayspecialattentiontoduringthefinalexam?—Ofcourse.Studentsshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapers________.A．werecollected B．havebeencollectedC．collect D.willcollect【答案】B【解析】句意：——期末考試中有什么我們需要特別注意的嗎？——當然。學生們應(yīng)呆在座位上直到所有的試卷被收完。考查現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。由“thepapers”可知，試卷與收集之間存在被動關(guān)系，故排除C和D；又由“Studentsshallremainintheirseatsuntil”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)，描述造成的影響，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+been+動詞過去分詞”，故選B。30．（2023·河北唐山·統(tǒng)考二模）Lookatthepicture.ThetoptenMost-Improvedstudents________init.A．willbelisted B．list C．willlist D．a(chǎn)relisted【答案】D【解析】句意：看這幅圖。成績上升最快的10個學生在里面?？疾闀r態(tài)。描述事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語students與list之間是動賓關(guān)系，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。31．（2023·江蘇南京二模）—Kitty,didyouenjoythefarewellparty?—Yes.We________wellbyourhosts.A．weretreated B．a(chǎn)retreated C．treated D．havetreated【答案】A【解析】句意：——凱蒂，你喜歡這個告別晚會嗎？——是的。主人對我們招待得很好?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“didyouenjoy...”可知，講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以時態(tài)是一般過去時，結(jié)合“byourhosts”可知，我們是被招待的對象，所以用被動語態(tài)，這里是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是（was/weredone），故選A。32．（2023·湖北襄陽一模）—IhearthatthefilmLangyaShanFiveHeroicMen(《狼牙山五壯士》)________nextweek.

—Really?Let’sgoandseetogetherthen.A．willshow B．isshown C．willbeshown D．showed【答案】C【解析】句意：——我聽說電影《狼牙山五壯士》將于下周上映?！娴膯?？那我們一起去看看吧?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語thefilm與謂語動詞show之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，即“be動詞+過去分詞”。由nextweek可知，句子是一般將來時。一般將來時的被動語態(tài)是“willbe+過去分詞”，即willbeshown。故選C。33．（2023·山東菏澤一模）Marylookedverynervouswhenshe________tothefamousscientist.A．introduced B．wasintroduced C．isintroduced【答案】B【解析】句意：當瑪麗被介紹給這位著名的科學家時，她看起來非常緊張?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“whenshe...tothefamousscientist.”可知，主語“she”和“introduce介紹”之間是被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)“l(fā)ooked”可知，應(yīng)是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。34．（2023·天津南開一模）Thisprojectstartedfiveyearsagoandit________nextyear.A．wascompleted B．completed C．willcomplete D.willbecompleted【答案】D【解析】句意：這個項目五年前就開始了，明年就要完工了。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。主語Thisproject和謂語complete為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系；根據(jù)“nextyear”可知，時態(tài)為一般將來時，故用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。35．（2023·江蘇南通一模）—Howmanybookscan________atatime,MrsGreen?—Atmostthree.Andyoucan________themfortendaysbeforeyoumustreturnorrenewthem.A．borrow;keep B．beborrowed;keep C．borrow;borrow D．beborrowed;borrow【答案】B【解析】句意：——格林夫人，一次可以借多少本書？——最多三本。你可以借十天，然后再歸還或續(xù)借?？疾槎虝盒詣釉~和延續(xù)性動詞及動詞語態(tài)。borrow借，短暫性動詞；keep保留，借，延續(xù)性動詞。主語“books”與動詞borrow之間是動賓關(guān)系，問句是含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為canbedone；再由“fortendays”可知第二空用延續(xù)性動詞keep。故選B。36．（2023·山東菏澤二模）OnseveralstreetsinZibo,lines________outsidebarbecue(燒烤)restaurants.Sometimesthelinesstretch(伸展)formorethan100metersontheweekend.A．canbeseen B．cansee C．see【答案】A【解析】句意：在淄博的幾條街道上，可以看到燒烤餐廳外排起了長隊。有時在周末，隊伍會延伸100多米?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。lines與see是被動關(guān)系，要用被動語態(tài)；can是情態(tài)動詞，后跟動詞原形，即canbedone。故選A。37．（2023·山東淄博二模）Theoldpeopleshould________byus.A．betakegoodcareof B．takegoodcareofC．betakengoodcareof D．tookgoodcareof【答案】C【解析】句意：老人應(yīng)該被我們好好照顧?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。根據(jù)句意及“should”和“by”可知空缺處用情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，即should+be+done。故選C。38．（2023·湖北二模）TheMonkeyKingisaChinesecartoonhero.He________bypeopleofallages.A．willlove B．wasloved C．isloved D．willbeloved【答案】C【解析】句意：孫悟空是一個中國漫畫英雄。他受到各個年齡段的人的喜愛?？疾橹^語動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“bypeopleofallages.”可知受到各個年齡段的人，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。39．（2023·江蘇南京預(yù)測）Youwon’tknowhowthebeautyofthisclassicalwork_________unlessyoureaditagainandagain.A．express B．expressed C．isexpressed D．hasexpressed【答案】C【解析】句意：除非你一遍又一遍地讀，否則你不會知道這部經(jīng)典作品的美是如何表達的?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)?！皌hebeautyofthisclassicalwork”和動詞express“表達”之間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：bedone，表示“這部經(jīng)典作品的美被表達”，故選C。40．（2023·河北保定二模）UncleSamplanstobuildaspecialhouse.It________outofoldthings.A．isbuilt B．hasbuilt C．wasbuilt D．willbebuilt【答案】D【解析】句意：山姆大叔計劃建一座特別的房子。它將用舊的東西建造?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。根據(jù)“planstobuild”可知計劃去做，說明還沒有做，動作是發(fā)生在將來，主語和動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。二、用所給單詞的適當時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空（綜合訓練題，本題更能檢測學生語言運用能力。）1.Thestudent_________________(clean)theclassroomnow.2.Light__________________(travel)muchfasterthansound.3.Ourteachersaidthatshe_______________(assign)morehomeworkifwedidbadintheexams.4.I_______________(see)awonderfulfilmlastnight.5.Thestudents___________(have)amedicalexaminationnextmonth.6.Manystories________________________(write)bythewriterlastyear.7.Yesterdaywe_______________________(play)footballafterschool.8.Ayoungmanoften_________________(ask)mesomedifficultquestions.9.Awonderfulparty_______________________(give)tohimnextweek.10.Mother___________________(tell)meastoryeverynight.11.Rice_____________________(plant)inChina.12.Tom___________________(use)computereverySaturday.13.Maths____________________(teach)byMr.Cheninourclass.14.English____________________(speak)allovertheworld.15.Thefilm____________________(show)lastnight.16.We________________(paint)thehousebeforewemovedin.17.BeforeIrepairedmybike,mymother__________(buy)anewoneforme.

18.Greatchanges_________(take)placeinourcountryduringthepast20years.19.ThebookwrittenbyMoYan_______(translate)in2014.20.People___________(build)Thebridgeovertheriverthreeyearsago.

21.I_____________(see)thefilmthreetimes.22.Hisparents__________(stay)inthecountrysideforover50days.23.Sarah______________(borrow)fivebooksfromthelibrarythreedaysago.24.Sarah__________(keep)thebookssincethreedaysago.25David_____