中考英語復(fù)習(xí)知識點練專題12時態(tài)（一）（原卷版）

專題12-時態(tài)（一）中考英語知識清單（通用版）目錄考情分析： 11.一般現(xiàn)在時 12.一般過去時 23.一般將來時 44.現(xiàn)在進行時 55.牛刀小試 6考情分析：英語的動詞的時態(tài)共有十六種，但是中考常考的主要有八種，一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時、過去將來時，過去完成時等時態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法。本節(jié)先講述一下一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時、一般將來時和現(xiàn)在進行時。1.一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時主要用動詞原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，一般在動詞原形后加-s或-es。如：Ihavebreakfastat7everymorning.我每天早晨7點吃早餐。HegoesswimmingonSundays.每周日他都去游泳。一般現(xiàn)在時的用法：（1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或者經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。經(jīng)常和表示時間的狀語often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday等連用。如：Mysisterusuallygoestoschoolonfoot.我姐姐經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。Weoftencometoschoolatsixinthemorning.我們經(jīng)常在早上六點到學(xué)校。（2）表示某種習(xí)慣或者能力，也可以表示職業(yè)、特征等。如：Mymotheroftengetsupveryearlyinthemorning.我的媽媽經(jīng)常在早上起床很早。Thiskindofcarrunsveryfast.這種小汽車跑得非?？臁＃?）表示客觀事實、客觀規(guī)律或者客觀真理。如：Thiskindoftreesnevergrowsinthedesert.這種樹從來不在沙漠里生長。Doyouknowthatknowledgeispower?你知道知識就是力量嗎？（4）在時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中，表示將來的動作。如：They’llbesohappywhenItellthem.我告訴他們時，他們會很高興的。Ifyouaren’thereontimetomorrow,I’llwritetoyourparents.如果你明天不準(zhǔn)時到，我就給你父母親寫信。注意：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)：在一般現(xiàn)在時中，如果句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：MyfatheroftenwatchesTVafterdinnerathome.我的爸爸經(jīng)常在晚飯后在家看電視。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語如果是實義動詞，其否定句和一般疑問句要用助動詞do，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does，doesn’t來構(gòu)成。如：Mylittlebrotherdoesn’tdohishomeworkatschool.我的小弟弟不在學(xué)校做家庭作業(yè)。2.一般過去時一般過去時的構(gòu)成：一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示。如：LastweekTommadeamodelplanewithhisfriendJack.上周湯姆和他的朋友杰克做了一個飛機模型。Tomwasathomeyesterday.湯姆昨天在家。一般過去時的用法：（1）表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或者過去經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去的時間狀語yesterday，justnow，amomentago，lastweek/year/night，in1985，inthosedays等連用。如：Theywenttocollegelastyear.他們是去年上大學(xué)。Wehadagoodtimeintheparkyesterday.我們昨天在公園玩得很高興。（2）表示過去接連發(fā)生的一系列動作。如：Weplayedfootballfirst，thenwentboatingandfishing,，andatlasthadapicnicthere.我們先踢足球，然后去劃船、釣魚。最后我們在那里野餐。注意：（1）表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)的動作，而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣做了，也可以用usedto+動詞原形來表示。如：Iusedtogetupverylate.我過去總是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在完成時，since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般過去時。如：Wehavemadealotoffriendssincewecamehere.自從我們來到這里以來已經(jīng)交了很多的朋友。（3）談?wù)撃橙说某錾掌诮?jīng)常用一般過去時。如：—Whenwereyouborn?你是什么時候出生的？—Iwasbornin1983.我出生于1983年。3.一般將來時一般將來時的構(gòu)成：（1）will/shall＋動詞原形,其中shall常用于第一人稱的疑問句。（2）begoingto＋動詞原形。如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday？下周日你打算做什么？I’llcomeandhelpyoutomorrow.我明天來幫助你。Shallwegotothezoo?我們?nèi)游飯@好嗎？一般將來時的用法：表示將來發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示將來的時間狀語，如tomorrow，nextweek/year/month，thisafternoon/evening，tonight，inafewdays，whenhecomes等連用。如：HewillgotoBeijingandseehisfathernextweek.他下個星期打算去北京看他的爸爸。注意：（1）will用來表示有禮貌地詢問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請或命令時。如：Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike?請你把你的自行車借我用一下好嗎？（2）shall一般和第一人稱的代詞連用構(gòu)成，shallI或者shallwe的一般疑問句，用來詢問對方的意圖和愿望，征求別人同意等。助動詞shall引起的一般疑問句征求別人同意時，回答不能用Yes,youshall或者No,youshallnot，應(yīng)該用Yes,pleasedo.或者No,pleasedon’t.如：—ShallIclosethewindow?我把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？—No,pleasedon’t.不，別關(guān)。（3）begoingto+動詞原形，常用來表示已經(jīng)決定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能發(fā)生的事。如：Theyaregoingtofinishtheworkthisevening.他們打算今天晚上完成這項工作。It’sgoingtosnow.要下雪了。（4）對于動詞go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly等可用進行時態(tài)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作（行進時動詞）。如：I'mleavingforBeijing.我要去北京。4.現(xiàn)在進行時1.現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成：主語+be+v-ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕:Iam+v-ing；You/They/Weare+v-ing;He/She/Itis+v-ing2.現(xiàn)在進行時的用法：（1）表示此時此刻正在發(fā)生的動作，經(jīng)常與時間狀語now，atpresent，atthistime/moment等連用。如：Theboysareplayingfootballovertherenow.這些男孩子們正在那邊踢足球。MyfatheriswatchingTVwithmymothernow.我的爸爸正在和媽媽一起看電視。（2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行著的動作，但不一定在說話時正在進行。經(jīng)常與now，thesedays等時間狀語連用。如：IamlearningFrenchinBeijingthesedays.這些天我正在北京學(xué)法語。（3）一些瞬間動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示一般將來時的意義。表示“即將……”，常伴有表示將來的時間狀語。常用的這類動詞有come，leave，go，arrive，die等。如：Hurryup!Thebusiscoming.快點！公共汽車馬上就要開了。Heiscomingbacktomorrow.他明天會回來。5.牛刀小試1．（2022·吉林長春·中考真題）There________asignonthewall.Itsaysyoumustn’tsmokehere.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were2．（2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—Usingpublicchopsticks______necessarywheneatingwithothers.—That’sright.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were3．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）He________newspapersat8:00everyevening.A．reads B．isreading C．wasreading D．hasread4．（2022·湖北武漢·中考真題）—Idon’tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.—I________.It’snotsafe.A．a(chǎn)gree B．a(chǎn)greed C．willagree D．hadagreed5．（2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題）XiaSen________asimplelifeandsaveshermoneyfordonations.A．lives B．lived C．wasliving D．willlive6．（2021·四川資陽·中考真題）It’sreportedthatthestudentsinsomeschoolsofourcity________aPEclasseveryday.A．takes B．take C．took D．a(chǎn)retaking7．（2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—Yourson’sdreamwillcometrueaslongas______.—Ihopeso.A．hewillstudyhard B．shewillstudyhardC．hestudieshard D．shestudieshard8．（2022·黑龍江·中考真題）—Idon’tknowwhenSusan________.—Don’tworry.Whenshe________,Iwilltellyou.A．comes;willcome B．willcome;comes C．come;comes9．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真題）—ThesongTogetherforaSharedFutureisverypopularnow.—That’sforsure!Boththeyoungandtheold________it.A．likes B．like C．liked10．（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）—Mingming,whereisyourbrother?—Look!He_______ontheplayground.A．runs B．isrunning C．wasrunning D．ran11．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真題）—Whatareyoudoing?—I________thebookTheOldManandSea.A．a(chǎn)mreading B．wasreading C．read12．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真題）Listen!They________songsforthe100birthdayoftheCCYL（中國共青團）.A．a(chǎn)resinging B．sang C．willsing13．（2022·廣西梧州·中考真題）—Wow!Themusicsoundswonderful!—Yes.Jessie________theviolininthenextroom.A．plays B．playedC．isplaying D．wasplaying14．（2022·湖南邵陽·中考真題）—Where’sAnna,dear?—She________anonlineclassinherroom.A．istaking B．takes C．willtake15．（2022·山東菏澤·中考真題）—NanjingRoadisverycrowdedthesedays.—Theworkers________it.Itissaidthatit________soon.A．repair；finishes B．haverepaired；willfinish C．a(chǎn)rerepairing；willbefinished16．（2022·北京·中考真題）Theworkers_________thecommunitycenternow.A．cleaned B．werecleaning C．willclean D．a(chǎn)recleaning17．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·中考真題）—Youlookprettybusy.What’sup?—We________foranofficepartythisFridayevening.Therewillbeaboutthirtypeople,andIamtheorganizer.A．prepare B．haveprepared C．a(chǎn)repreparing D．werepreparing18．（2022·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）Hollyprefersplayingthepianoto________theviolin.Listen!She________thepianoinherroom.A．play;isplaying B．playing;plays C．playing;isplaying19．（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）COVID-19(新冠肺炎)________theworld,andmanypeople’slifechangesalot.A．influenced B．isinfluencing C．isinfluenced D．wasinfluenced20．（2022·遼寧遼寧·中考真題）—WhyisKateabsentfromclass?—Oh,she________themeeting.A．wasattending B．a(chǎn)ttended C．isattending D．a(chǎn)ttends21．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）—Hello!MayIspeaktoKate?—Sorry,sheisn’tin.She________ping-pongoutside.A．isplaying B．plays C．played D．willplay22．（2022·云南昆明·中考真題）—China’shigh-speedrailwaytechnology________theworldnow.—That’strue.Ithasdevelopedrapidlyoverthepastyears.A．led B．wasleading C．isleading D．willlead23．（2022·甘肅定西·中考真題）We________ameeting.Comeandjoinin.A．werehaving B．a(chǎn)rehaving C．had D．havebeen24．（2022·江西·中考真題）—Sssh!Bequiet.I’monthephone.—Who________you________to,mom?A．do,speak B．a(chǎn)re,speaking C．will,speak D．have,spoken25．（2022·湖北黃石·中考真題）Davidhasworkedherefor10yearssincehe________fromuniversity.A．graduates B．graduated C．hasgraduated D．willgraduate26．（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）—Wholockedthedooryesterday?—________.A．Ido B．Iwill C．Idid D．Ican27．（2022·湖南益陽·中考真題）—Youlooktired.Iwonder________lastnight.—Ididn’tgotobeduntilelevenforpreparingareport.A．whenyougotobed B．whenyouwenttobed C．whendidyougotobed28．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真題）ItonlytakesustwohourstogofromJishoutoChangshabytrainwhenZhang-Ji-Huaihigh-speedrailway________inDecemberlastyear.A．opens B．opened C．willopen29．（2022·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題）WangYaping,thefemale（女性的）Chinesespacewalker,________herfirstspacewalkinNovember,2021.A．hasbegun B．begins C．began30．（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）—DanielhasgonetoBeijingonbusiness.—Oh,Ididn’tknow.When________?A．hasheleft B．washeleaving C．didheleave D．willheleave31．（2022·吉林·中考真題）—Helen,whydidn’tyoucometothepartyyesterday?—Oh,I________forthespeechcompetition.A．prepares B．prepared C．willprepare32．（2022·黑龍江黑龍江·中考真題）—MikeisfromAmericabutspeaksperfectChinese.—Sohedoes.HehaslearnedChinesebyhimselfsincehe________college.A．isattending B．hasattended C．a(chǎn)ttended33．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）LiLei________theschoolbuslastFriday.A．misses B．missed C．wasmissing D．hasmissed34．（2022·四川達州·中考真題）—Bruce________somuchinthepasttwoyears.—Yeah,he________beshy,butnowheisconfidentandactive.A．haschanged;usedto B．changed;isusedtoC．changed;usedto D．haschanged;isusedto35．（2022·四川瀘州·中考真題）—Lily,aconcertisbeingheldinourschoolforthebirthdayoftheCommunistYouthLeagueofChina(GYLC).—Iknow.Ithasbeen100yearssinceCYLC________.A．born B．wasborn C．isborn D．hasborn36．（2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題）China________ninegoldmedalsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.A．wins B．iswinning C．won D．willwin37．（2021·貴州黔西·中考真題）—YouseemtoknowmuchaboutthePalaceMuseumin

Beijing.—That’strue.I________itlastyear.A．visited B．a(chǎn)revisiting C．havevisited D．willvisit38．（2022·湖北黃石·中考真題）There________avolleyballgamenextSaturday.Ifit________we’llhavetoputitoff.A．isgoingtobe;rains B．isgoingtobe;willrainC．isgoingtohave;willrain D．isgoingtohave;rains39．（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Nextyear,_______anewroadleadingtothevillage.A．thereis B．thereare C．therewillbe D．therewas40．（2022·遼寧大連·中考真題）—What’syourplanfortheweekend,Helen?—I________mygrandparents.A．visit B．visited C．havevisited D．a(chǎn)mgoingtovisit41．（2022·廣西玉林·中考真題）—AsfarasIknow,there_____ahigh-speedtrainfromYulintoShenzhenin2023.—Yeah!ItwillbemoreconvenientforthepeopleinYulin.A．willbe B．has C．is D．willhave42．（2022·廣西·中考真題）Idon’tknowifit_________tomorrow,butifit_________,I’llstayathome.A．willrain;rains B．willrain;willrain C．rains;willrain D．rains;rains43．（2022·廣西貴港·中考真題）—There________atalkbyZho