八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版上冊(cè)期中復(fù)習(xí)四語(yǔ)法

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版上冊(cè)期中復(fù)習(xí)

專題四語(yǔ)法

【重要語(yǔ)法歸納】

(-)

1.用形容詞的比較級(jí)計(jì)較兩件事物的數(shù)量：

More...than可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞；

Fewer...than修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；

Less...than修飾不可數(shù)名詞

2.用形容詞的最高級(jí)比較三件或三件以上的事物的數(shù)量

Themost可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞

Thefewest修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

Theleast修飾不可數(shù)名詞

3.副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

不規(guī)則變化：well-better-best；badly—worse—worst;

far---farther/further---ferthest/furthest

(二)

反身代詞的含義及構(gòu)成：

所謂反身代詞，是指人們用來(lái)反指自己的代詞。英語(yǔ)中的反身代詞共

有8個(gè)，它們有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

反身代詞的構(gòu)成有極強(qiáng)的規(guī)律性：第一、第二人稱的反身代詞由形容

詞性的物主代詞加一self或一selves構(gòu)成；第三人稱的反身代詞由人

稱代詞的賓格加一self或一selves構(gòu)成。

反身代詞的用法：

反身代詞與它所指代的一名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系，在句中常用作賓

語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。

1.反身代詞可以用作一些動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，句子的

主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)必須同一個(gè)人或物。如：

Wemustlookafterourselvesandkeepfit.

我們必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。

Sheoftenbuysherselfniceclothes.

她經(jīng)常為自己買漂亮的衣服。

Don'tthinktoomuchofyourself!別過(guò)多地為自己考慮！

2.反身代詞在句中還可以用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，

表示“親自、本人、本身”等意思、。但反身代詞在句中不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)。

如：

Idon'tneedanyhelp.Icandoitmyself.我不需要幫助，我自己能

做。（主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)）這句話不可表示成1don'tneedanyhelp,myselfcan

doit.

Ifyouwanttoknowmore,youmayaskMissWhiteherself.

如果你想了解更多情況，你可以問(wèn)一問(wèn)懷特小姐木人。（賓語(yǔ)的同位

語(yǔ)）

3.反身代詞在句中還可以用作連系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)。如：

Thelittleboyinthephotowashimself.

照片中的那個(gè)小男孩就是他自己。

反身代詞構(gòu)成的固定表達(dá)：

反身代詞可以與一些介詞、動(dòng)詞搭配，構(gòu)成一些十分有用的固定短

語(yǔ)。如：

byoneself意為“獨(dú)自,憑自己”，相當(dāng)于alone；enjoyoneself意為“玩

得高興，過(guò)得愉快”，相當(dāng)十havefun或haveagoodtime；

helponeselfto…意為“隨便吃或喝點(diǎn)....隨便用……”；

keep...tooneself意為“不將某事說(shuō)出去“；

saytooneself意為"自言自語(yǔ)

(三)

1.祈使句。

祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建議、請(qǐng)求、叮囑、號(hào)召等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

詞用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don匕祈使句一般有四種類型：

(1)行為動(dòng)詞類型：Openthedoor,please!請(qǐng)把門打開！

Don'topenthedoor,please!請(qǐng)不要開門!

⑵以let開頭的祈使句：Letmego(here.讓我去那兒吧。

(3)“Be+形容詞”類型：Becareful!小心!

(4)“No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞”類型：Nosmoking!禁止吸煙！

(5)祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略疑問(wèn)句，一般用willyou?

但是Let's.…句型后加shallwe?

2.用should,hadbetter等提建議。

(1)Wouldyoulike/love(todo)sth.?

這是一個(gè)很委婉的表示建議的句型，并帶有與對(duì)方商量的意味,

意為“你想要(做)……嗎？”。

⑵ShallI/wedosth.?

此句型是用來(lái)提建議或征求對(duì)方意見的，意為“我(們)做……好嗎？",

語(yǔ)氣委婉，商量的語(yǔ)氣較濃。

(3)Let'sdosth.

當(dāng)你覺得可以直截了當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh，讓對(duì)方和自己一起去做某

事時(shí)，常用該句型，意為“咱們做……吧。”該句型后常加附加問(wèn)句

-shallwer,使語(yǔ)氣更加委婉。

(4)主語(yǔ)+hadbetter(not)dosth..

該句型用于表示對(duì)下級(jí)、晚輩的勸告，往往帶有命令、強(qiáng)制的語(yǔ)氣，

意為“某人最好(不要)做某事

⑸Whydon'tyou/wedosth.?表示向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆环N建議或詢問(wèn)某種原

因，暗含有責(zé)備對(duì)方的意思，意為“為什么不……？

(6)What/Howabout(doing)sth.?

如果是在討論式的談話中，可用該句型提出一個(gè)建議或引出一個(gè)新話

題。

(7)Youshould(not)do...,

此句型意為“你(不)應(yīng)該做……should的語(yǔ)氣比hadbetter要委

婉。

【課堂專練】

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.Doyouwanttobehealthy?.canhelpyoustay

healthy.

A.SmilingB.SmileC.TosmileD.Smiled

()2.—Johnissoexcited.Didhewinthecompetition?

一Yes.Hewasluckyandhehadoneminutetocompletethe

specialtask,nomoreandnoless.

A.especiallyB.probablyC.exactlyD.hardly

()3.—You'dbettersomepopcornorsoftdrinksbeforethe

filmbegins.

—ButIthinkit'sbetteranythingwhilewatchingthefilm.

A.buy;nothaveB.tobuy;nottohave

C.tobuy;nothaveD.buy;nottohave

()4.——AreyouhappywithBruce'snewworksofart?

一Notalittle.Theycouldn'tbe.

A.anybetterB.anyworseC.sobadD.thebest

()5.Amyisacarefulgirlthatshemademistakesinherlast

exam.

A.so;solittleB.so;suchlittleC.such;suchfewD.such;sofew

()6.—Tim,youarealwayssolazy!I'veneverseenbedroomthan

thisone.——Sorry,mum.Iwilltidyituprightnow.

A.theuntidyB.amoreuntidierC.theuntidiestD.anuntidier

()7.ThepopulationofChinaismuchthanthatofcountry

inAfrica.

A.more;anyB.larger;anyotherC.more;anyotherD.larger;any

()8.Oh,sorry,Ican'tyou.Couldyousayitinaloud?

A.listento:voiceB.hear;sound

C.hear;voiceD.listento;noise

()9.—Damon,whatwouldyouliketoeatnow?

一Oh,mom,anythingwilldo.

A.most;mostB.almost;almostC.almost;mostD.most;almost

()10.Thewatchtowerisagoodplacetoenjoythebeautyofthewhole

citybecauseofits.

A.sizeB.lengthC.heightD.shape

()11.funwehavewitheachotheratlunchtime!

A.How:tochatB.What;chatting

C.What;tochatD.How;chatting

()12.—Couldyoutellmewhenshewilltheairport?

一Well,before5p.m.Thenshewillyourhomeassoonaspossible.

A.arrive;reachB.arriveat;reach

C.arrive;reachatD.arriveat;reachat

()13.Tomissuretofindthemuseum,sincehehasaprettygoodof

direction.

A.ideaB.feelingC.senseD.experience

()14.theboybrownhairlike?

A.Howis;withB.What;with

C.What's;haveD.What's:with

()15.Hownicethepancake!Ican'twaitit!

A.looks;tastingB.likes;totaste

C.Lookslike;tastingD.looks;totaste

()16.Youwillfindasyoureadthisbookthatyoujustcan'tkeepsome

ofthesestoriesto.Youwillwanttosharethemwithafriend.

A.itselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.themselves

()17.Theswimmingpoolisdirtywater.Cleanitbeforeyouswim.

A.fillwithB.fullofC.filledofD.fullwith

()18.It'ssocoldtoday.Let'stakeataxi,?

A.areweB.doweC.haveweD.shallwe

()19.Whynotyourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan*tfinishit

byyourself?

A.ask;writingB.toask:writing

C.ask;writeD.asking;write

()20.—Howareyougoing,buddy?—.Alittlebusy,though.

A.NottoobadB.Can'tbeworse

C.OnmyownD.Bytrain

二、適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Maryisvery.She'shappytheweak.(help)

2.Hefeltbecausehismotherwasill.(happy).

3.ZhaoHuaisgoodat,sosheveryquickly,

(run)

4.Thoseclothesarethe(visit).

5.Itwascoldyesterday,(terrible)

6.Mycat(catch)two(mouse)lastnight.

7.They(hold)a(parent)meetinglastweek.

8.Hisfatherwasangrybecausehedidhomework(care).

9.The(goldfish)inthetankarecolour.

10.ShouldJim(take)hisumbrellawithhim?

11.Ourteacher(tell)us(notread)inthesun.

12.Agoodisalwayspolitebeforeandafter(visit).

13.They(notbe)carefulwhentheydidhomework.

14.1forgottobuy(I)apresentinmybirthday.

15.Whenhe(get)tired,he(sleep)forawhile.

16.Thegoldfish(look)beautifulwhenhe(swim).

17.Jimhasaparrot(call)Polly.Itlearns(repeat)the

wordspeoplesay.

18.(be)quiet,please.Youmustn't(make)any

noseinclass.

19.Youshould(take)yourraincoatwithyou.It

(rain)soon.

20.ThisbookisveryandIaminit.(interest).

21.Whatabout(go)shoppingtomorrow?

22.CanIhavesome(much)foodtoo.

23.How(sad)helookedattheparty!

24.How(sad)helookedathisfather!

25.TheteachermadeJack(go)outofclass.

26.Whydoyoumakeyourfatherso(angry).

27.It'sgoodtolearnEnglishina(fun)way.

28.Myfriendisvery(friend)and(help).Ilikehim

verymuch.

29.Herfamilyareall(music).

3().How(good)doesheknowhisfriends?

31.1thinkit's(bore)toplaycomputergames.

32.Hewasveryhappybecauseof(win)thegame.

33.Hisvoicesounds(music).

34.Thesickboyismuch(thin)thanthehealthyboy.

35.Thisstoryisalittle(fun)thanthatone.

36.Amy'sdrawingis(bad)than(I).

37.Ourcarsaren'tas(new)asthe

(visit).

38.Jimis(tall)ofthetwoboys.

39.Skiinganddiving(be)(danger)than

theotheractivities.

40.Shedoes(well)ofallinthesingingcompetitionevery

thime.

41.1feel(happy)whenmyfriendsaresad.

42.I'm(real)happy(tell)youaboutmyfuture

plans.

43.Childrenunder1.2metersin(high)don'thavetobuytickets

whentheyvisitamuseum.

44.It's(care)ofhimtoknockmybooksoffthedesk..

45.Now,JayChowisoneof(popular)(sing).

46.Doyoufeel(comfort)whenyoutakesomemedicine?

47.It's(bore)todoexercisesallday.

48.Givemesomething(taste)toeat.

49.Hehad(cook)lessonsinschoollastyear.Shejoinedin

the(sing)Grouplastterm.

50.Iwanttoeatmuch(health)foodtokeepmuch

(fit)

51.I'm(please)witha(please)taste.

52.Wealwayshaveagreattime(learn)and

(speak)English.

53._______(drive)acartakes(little)timethan

__________(take)abus.

54.Thesecoatsarethose(hero).

55.Doyouthinkdogsare(smart)thanpeople?

56.Whois(lazy),HoboorEddie?

57.Weneed(little)moneyand(few)peopletodo

theworkbetter.

58.Canyoutellmeany(different)between

(Britain)Englishand(America)English?

59.Jimjumps.LiPingjumpsthanJim.Simon

jumpsofall.(far).

60.Maths(be)veryimportant.Weshouldworkhardatit.

61.Themovie(be)onatthecinemalastweek.

62.Ofallthethings,theoneoverthere(bad).

63.Jillisn'tas(tall)asLucy,butsheismuch

(heavy)and(fat)thanLucy.

64.1knowtheyaretryingtheir(good)inthismatter.

65.Thisis(expensive)printerintheshop.

66.Oneof(nice)boys(like)football.

67.(swim)(be)betterthan

(hike).

68.Hereadsmagazines(quiet)ofusthree.

69.Howthechildrenare!Theyareplaying

(noise).

70.Hismotheris40yearsoldat(little).

71.Theycandotheseexercisevery

(easy).

72.Lindais(good)atGeographythanPeter,but

(bad)athistory.

73.Idon'tliketheseold(one).Pleaseshowmesomething

new.

74.Hegetsup(early)thanIdo.

75.Thispictureisn'tthesameasthatone.There9re

(different)betweenthem.

76.Sheisveryshy.Shedoesn'tlike(be)onTV.

77.Ifit(notsnow)tomorrow,wewanttogoonaschooltrip.

78.Howmanypets(monkey)dotheyhave?

79.Itisimpossible(snow)inGuangzhou.

80.Ifhe(notbe)careful,hewillfalldownfromthetree.

【答案】

一、1—5BCDAD6—10DDCDC11