《大學英語（二）》課件-UNIT 6 Setting smart goals

UNIT6Settingsmartgoals

LearningObjectives①Understandthefourstepstosettinggoals.②Masterwordsrelatedtothelifegoalsandsettinggoals.③Learnhowtoestablishshort-termandlong-termgoals.FourstepstosettinggoalsSTEP1:SELECTAGOALSTEP2:DEFINEYOURMOTIVATIONSTEP3:BREAKTHEGOALDOWNSTEP4:WRITEITDOWNThinkaboutthefollowingaspectsofyourlifeandshareyourplanswithapartner.“Doyouhaveanyspecificplanaftergraduation?”“Howdoyouplanyourcareerasastudent?”

“Mygoalis…andmymotivationofthatgoalis…Iwanttobreakthegoalintosmallertasks,suchas…”degree

goalinternoutstandingVocabularyFocusWORDS&EXPRESSIONSparticipatelongtermshorttermsocialactivitygoaln.目標，目的E.g.Youneedtosetyourselfsomelong-termgoals.

你得為自己訂一些長期目標。Words

&Expressionslongterm

長期的；長遠的E.g.Theywanttheirparentstohaveaccesstoaffordablelong-termcare.例如：他們希望他們的父母可以得到能負擔都起的長期看護。Words

&Expressionsshort

term

短期E.g.Myshort-timegoalistodrinkmorewater.例如：我的短期目標是多喝水。Words

&ExpressionsChenShan:Whatareyourplansforthefuture,Amy?Amy:Well,myshort-termgoalisto(1)___________allmyexamsattheendofthissemester.Chen

Shan:Metoo!ButrecentlyI’vestartedtothinkoflong-termgoals.Youknow,Ireallywanttogetagood(2)___________.Amy:I’vebeenthinkingaboutthattoo.Outstanding(3)___________havemuchwideropportunitiestochoosefrom.Chen

Shan:That’strue.Agooddegreealsomeansyouhaveachanceofgettingan(4)___________positionaftergraduation.Amy:Weshouldn’tjustthinkaboutcareergoalsthough.(5)____________arealsoimportant.Chen

Shan:You’reright.ButfirstIwanttofeelsatisfiedwithwheremycareerisgoing.Listenandcompletetheconversation.參考譯文passdegreegraduatesinternRelationships陳珊：

你對未來有什么計劃，埃米？埃米：

嗯，我的短期目標是在這個學期末通過所有考試。陳珊：

我也是！但是最近我開始考慮長期目標。你知道的，我真的很想拿到一個好學位。埃米：

我也一直在思考這個問題。優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生擁有的選擇機會比別人多得多。陳珊：

沒錯。擁有一個好學位也意味著你在畢業(yè)后有機會得到一個實習崗位。埃米：

不過，我們不應該只考慮職業(yè)目標。人際關(guān)系也很重要。陳珊：

你說得對。但首先，我想在我的職業(yè)發(fā)展上令自己滿意。參考譯文ScriptChenShan:Whatareyourplansforthefuture,Amy?Amy:Well,myshort-termgoalistopassallmyexamsattheendofthissemester.Chen

Shan:Metoo!ButrecentlyI’vestartedtothinkoflong-termgoals.Youknow,Ireallywanttogetagooddegree.Amy:I’vebeenthinkingaboutthattoo.Outstandinggraduateshavemuchwideropportunitiestochoosefrom.Chen

Shan:That’strue.Agooddegreealsomeansyouhaveachanceofgettinganinternpositionaftergraduation.Amy:Weshouldn’tjustthinkaboutcareergoalsthough.Relationshipsarealsoimportant.Chen

Shan:You’reright.ButfirstIwanttofeelsatisfiedwithwheremycareerisgoing.“Whatareyourplansforthefuture?”“大家對未來的規(guī)劃是什么呢？”“What’syourlong/shorttermgoal?”“長短期目標又是如何呢？”“Howdoyoumotivateyourselftoachieveyourgoals?”“你如何激勵自己實現(xiàn)目標？”Homework

LearningObjectives①LearnwhattheSMARTGoalsare②Masterthereadingskillsofexpositorywriting③LearntosetgoalsrelatedtolifeandlearningbyusingSMARTGoalsacronym

n.首字母縮略詞attainable

adj.可達到的，可得到的examine

v.檢查，調(diào)查measurable

adj.可測量的，明顯的specific

adj.具體的，明確的time-boundadj.有時限的haveaconnectionto

與......有聯(lián)系insteadof代替，而不是ReadingWORDS&EXPRESSIONSReadthestatements.WriteT(true)orF(false).Settinggoalscanbemadeeasierwiththeacronym“SMART”.Youshouldsetgoalsthatarespecificandrelevanttoyourlifenow.It’sbestnottomeasureyourgoal,asthiscanmakeyoufeellessdetermined.It’snotabadideatomakeover-ambitious,unrealisticgoals.Youshouldsetatimelimittocompleteyourgoalswithin.TTFFTIntoday’spresentation,I’llbetalkingabouthowtosetyourselfgoals.Settinggoalsallowsyoutochoosehowyouliveyourlife.Ifyouwanttobecomebetteratsettinggoals,usetheSMARTacronymtohelpyou.Let’stakealookatwhateachletterstandsfor.Chooseacleargoal,whichincludesinformationaboutwhyitisimportantandwhereitwillhappen.Forexample,insteadofsaying“Iwanttostartababysittingbusiness,”youshouldsay,“Alotofpeopleinmyneighborhoodarefindingitdifficulttoorganizechildcare.I’mgoingtostartababysittingbusinesstomakemoneyandhelptomeetaneedamonglocalfamilies.”Measuringagoalwilltellyouhownearorfaryouarefromcompletingit.Forexample,insteadofsaying“I’mgoingtohavelotsofcustomers,”youshouldsay,“Iaimtohave20customersbytheendofthemonth.”____________________參考譯文Ifyoucanattainsomething,itmeansthatyoucangetit.Itisimportanttoexamineyourskillshonestlyanddecideonarealisticgoal.Forexample,insteadofsaying“I’mgoingtobecomethemostsuccessfulentrepreneurinmycountry,”youshouldsay,“I’mgoing

toestablishagoodreputationformychildcarebusinessinmylocalneighborhood.”Thismeansthatthegoalhasaconnectiontoyourlifenow.Askyourself,“Isthistherighttime?”“AmIreadyforthis?”Forexample,ifyouareplanningtostartababysittingbusiness,aimingtolearnfirstaidmightberelevant.Youshouldalwayshaveatargettimeforcompletingthegoal.Forexample,insteadofsaying“I’mgoingtostartmyownbusiness,”youshouldsay,“Iaimtohavefivecustomersbytheendofthemonth.”IfyoufollowtheSMARTacronym,youwillbecomebetteratmakingandcompletingimportantgoalsinyourlife.運用SMART原則制定目標在今天的演講中，我將會講到如何給自己制定目標。制定目標讓你可以選擇自己的生活方式。如果你想在制定目標方面有所進步，SMART原則可以幫到你。讓我們來看看縮略詞SMART中的每個字母都代表什么含義。

明確性（S）首先，要選擇一個清晰的目標，制定目標時要明確目標的重要性、達成目標的地點等信息。舉例來說，如果你想要開辦一項托兒業(yè)務，不應該說：“我想開辦一項托兒業(yè)務?！倍鴳撜f：“我家附近很多人在照管孩子方面遇到了困難。所以我要開辦一項托兒業(yè)務來掙錢，同時幫助滿足鄰居們的需求?！?/p>

可衡量性（M）通過衡量一個目標，你就能知道自己距離完成這個目標還有多近或多遠。舉例來說，制定目標時，不要說：“我要擁有很多顧客。”而要說：“我的目標是在這個月底之前擁有20位顧客?！眳⒖甲g文可實現(xiàn)性（A）目標具有可實現(xiàn)性就是說這個目標是可以達成的。正視自己的能力并選定一個現(xiàn)實的目標是非常重要的。舉例來說，你不應該說：“我要成為我國最成功的企業(yè)家。”而應該說：“我要在社區(qū)里為我的托兒業(yè)務建立良好的聲譽。”

相關(guān)性（R）相關(guān)性指的是你的目標應該與你現(xiàn)在的生活有一定的聯(lián)系。問問自己：“現(xiàn)在是合適的時機嗎？”“我準備好了嗎？”舉例來說，如果你計劃開辦一項托兒業(yè)務，那么學習急救知識可能就是一個具有相關(guān)性的目標。

時限性（T）你應該始終有一個完成目標的目標時間。舉例來說，制定目標時，不應該說：“我要開辦自己的業(yè)務。”而應該說：“我的目標是在月底之前擁有5位顧客?！弊裱璖MART原則，你就會變得更擅長于制定和完成生活中的重要目標。參考譯文Specific:Welldefined,clear,andunambiguous.Measurable:Withspecificcriteriathatmeasureyourprogresstowardtheaccomplishmentofthegoal.Achievable:Attainableandnotimpossibletoachieve.Realistic:Withinreach,realistic,andrelevanttoyourlifepurpose.Time-bound:Withaclearlydefinedtimeline,includingastartingdateandatargetdate.明確性：指目標定義明確，清晰且毫不含糊?？珊饬啃裕褐赣镁唧w的標準來衡量你在實現(xiàn)目標方面的進展?？蓪崿F(xiàn)性：指目標要是可實現(xiàn)的，可達成的。相關(guān)性：指目標是現(xiàn)實可行的且與你的生活目標相關(guān)的。時限性：指要有明確的時間表，包括開始日期和目標日期。summarizeYou’venoticedthatyou’renotfeelingrestedandwanttomakesleepmoreofapriorityinyourlife.PleasetrytosetgoalsbyusingtheSMARTGoals.

Specific:Iwanttogotobedby9o'clockeverynight.

Measurable:

Youcouldmarkyourcalendaroruseagoal-trackingapptocheckoffeachnightthatyougettobedontime.

Attainable:

Agoalofgoingtobedat9everynightwouldnotberealisticifyouworkthenightshift—infact,itwouldprobablybeimpossible.

Relevant:

Ifyouwanttomakeyourhealthmoreofapriority,agoallikegettingbettersleepcouldbepartofmakingthatchange.

Time-bound:

Iwanttogotobedby9everynightforthenextmonth.

EXERCISE

LearningObjectives①MasterwhatconditionalsinEnglishgrammarare②Masterthefourtypesof‘if’conditionals③Beabletotellthedifferencebetweenthesefourtypes語法要點要點解析Conditionals（條件句）課文中使用了條件句：IfyoufollowtheSMARTacronym,youwillbecomebetteratmakingandcompletingimportantgoalsinyourlife.遵循SMART原則，你就會在制定和完成生活中的重要目標上做得更好。條件句用來表達條件、假設(shè)或可能性，通常由條件部分（從句）和結(jié)果部分（主句）組成，從句和主句可以調(diào)換順序。語法要點要點解析Conditionals（條件句）條件句主要分為以下幾種類型：(1)零條件句（thezeroconditional）表事實，句型為“if+一般現(xiàn)在時，一般現(xiàn)在時”或“一般現(xiàn)在時，if+一般現(xiàn)在時”。例如：

Ifyouheatwaterto100℃,itboils.

如果你將水加熱到100攝氏度，它會沸騰。

Theicemeltsifthetemperaturerises.

如果溫度上升，冰會融化。語法要點要點解析Conditionals（條件句）(2)第一條件句（thefirstconditional）表可能，句型為“if+一般現(xiàn)在時，will+verb”或“will+verb，if+一般現(xiàn)在時”。例如：

Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.

如果明天下雨，我們會取消野餐。

IwillcallyouifIhavetimetonight.

如果我今晚有時間，我會給你打電話。語法要點要點解析Conditionals（條件句）(3)第二條件句（thesecondconditional）表想象、假設(shè)，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，句型為“if+一般過去時，would+verb”或“would+verb，if+一般過去時”。例如：

Ifshewerehererightnow,shewouldhelpussolvetheproblem.

如果她現(xiàn)在在這里，她會幫助我們解決問題。

IwouldvolunteeratacharityifIhadmorefreetime.

如果我有更多空閑時間，我會做慈善工作。語法要點要點解析Conditionals（條件句）(4)第三條件句（thethirdconditional）表想象、假設(shè)，與過去事實相反，句型為“if+過去完成時，wouldhave+過去分詞”或“wouldhave+過去分詞，if+過去完成時”。例如：

If1hadsavedmoremoney,Iwouldhavetraveledaroundtheworld.

如果我存了更多的錢，我就能環(huán)游世界了。

Hewouldhaveattendedtheeventifhehadreceivedtheinvitation.

如果他收到了邀請，他就會參加那個活動。Completethesentencesusingthecorrectverbtenses.A1.IfI________(have)enoughmoney,Iwouldbuyacomputer.2.Fireburnsifit

______________(expose)tooxygen.3.Theywouldn’thavegotwetintherainifthey_____________(bring)

anumbrella.