江蘇專版2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題1語(yǔ)法知識(shí)第三節(jié)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件牛津譯林版.pptx

1、,專題一語(yǔ)法知識(shí),考點(diǎn)分析,真題診斷,考點(diǎn)突破,第三節(jié)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練,PART 1,考點(diǎn)分析,設(shè)題方法 側(cè)重考查學(xué)生分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和判斷句子成分的能力。 核心考點(diǎn) 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 備考知識(shí) 1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作各類狀語(yǔ)的基本用法。 2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的基本用法。 3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的基本用法。 4.動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的基本用法。,能力要求 1.辨別“謂與非謂”的能力。 2.尋找非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的能力。 3.分析“時(shí)態(tài)”和“語(yǔ)態(tài)”的能力。,PART 2,真題診斷,1. the convenience of digital payme

2、nt，many senior citizens started to use smart phones. (2019江蘇，30) A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy,解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：為了享受電子支付的便利，許多老年人開(kāi)始使用智能手機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里表示目的，故用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,2.Chinas image is improving steadily，with more countries its role in internationa

3、l affairs.(2019江蘇，32) A.recognizing B.being recognized C.to be recognized D.recognized,解析考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：隨著更多的國(guó)家認(rèn)識(shí)到中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的作用，中國(guó)的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升。此處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞recognize與其邏輯主語(yǔ)more countries之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,3. to think critically is an important skill todays children will n

4、eed for the future. (2019天津，4) A.Learn B.Learned C.Learning D.Having learned,解析考查動(dòng)名詞。句意為：學(xué)會(huì)批判性地思考是當(dāng)今兒童未來(lái)所需的一項(xiàng)重要技能。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is，is之前的內(nèi)容是主語(yǔ)，故此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，表示一般性的陳述概念，故選C。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,4.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially to help them succeed aca

5、demically and personally.(2019天津，10) A.designed B.designing C.to design D.being designed,解析考查過(guò)去分詞。句意為：大多數(shù)大學(xué)現(xiàn)在給大一學(xué)生提供一門專門設(shè)計(jì)的來(lái)幫助他們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人事務(wù)上成功的課程。此處course與design之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,5.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period， the expected number

6、 of 12,000 held by market analysts.(2018江蘇，26) A.having exceeded B.to exceed C.exceeded D.exceeding,解析句意為：在這段時(shí)期創(chuàng)造了大約13 500個(gè)新工作，超過(guò)了市場(chǎng)分析師認(rèn)為的12 000個(gè)的預(yù)期數(shù)量。were created是謂語(yǔ)，因此exceed只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)having exceeded表示exceed的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在were created之前，不符合語(yǔ)境； B項(xiàng)to exceed不能作伴隨狀語(yǔ)； C項(xiàng)exceeded表示主語(yǔ)與exceed之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，也不符合語(yǔ)境。

7、故選D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,6. along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. (2018北京，3) A.Travel B.Traveling C.Having traveled D.Traveled,解析選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)能作句子的主語(yǔ)。如果動(dòng)詞作句子的主語(yǔ)，只能由不定式或動(dòng)名詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。 C項(xiàng)常用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，用作本句的主語(yǔ)自然不符合語(yǔ)法邏輯。句意為：沿著古絲綢之路旅行是一次有趣而又有意義的經(jīng)歷。,1,2,3,4,5,6

8、,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,7.During the Mid-Autumn Festival，family members often gather together _ a meal，admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.(2018北京，6) A.share B.to share C.having shared D.shared,解析此處需要用不定式表示gather together的目的。句意為：在中秋節(jié)期間，家庭成員經(jīng)常聚到一起吃飯、賞月、品嘗月餅。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,8.Or

9、dinary soap， correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively. (2018北京，10) A.used B.to use C.using D.use,解析因?yàn)榫渥又幸延兄^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故此處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。句子的主語(yǔ)與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該選A項(xiàng)，即過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，used correctly相當(dāng)于if it is used correctly這個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式。句意為：普通的肥皂，如果使用得當(dāng)，可以有效地清除細(xì)菌。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,9.I need a new passp

10、ort so I will have to have my photograph . (2018天津，7) A.taking B.taken C.being taken D.take,解析句意為：我需要一個(gè)新護(hù)照，因此我得去讓人給我照相。本題考查have sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“讓別人做某事，讓被做”。my photograph與take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故需用take的過(guò)去分詞形式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,10.I didnt mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I co

11、uldnt help _ it.(2018天津，12) A.to eat；to try B.eating；trying C.eating；to try D.to eat；trying,解析句意為：我沒(méi)打算吃東西，但這冰淇淋看上去如此美味以至于我忍不住嘗了下。mean to do sth. 打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味著做某事；cant help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事；cant help (to) do sth. 不能幫助做某事。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,11.Many Chinese brands， th

12、eir reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.(2017江蘇，21) A.having developed B.being developed C.developed D.developing,解析句意為：很多中國(guó)品牌歷經(jīng)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)樹(shù)立了聲譽(yù)，它們正面臨著當(dāng)代市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)的新挑戰(zhàn)?！?their reputations over centuries”在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子。句子主語(yǔ)many Chinese brands與動(dòng)詞develop之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且句中有延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ove

13、r centuries，這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示主動(dòng)和延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，因此選A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,12.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time.(2017北京，27) A.save B.saving C.to save D.saved,解析句意為：現(xiàn)在許多航空公司允許乘客在網(wǎng)上打印登機(jī)牌以節(jié)約他們的寶貴時(shí)間。不定式短語(yǔ)to save their valuable time在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)

14、。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,13.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time with his students.(2017北京，32) A.to spend B.spend C.spending D.spent,解析句意為：吉姆已經(jīng)退休了，不過(guò)他仍然記得和學(xué)生們一起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)時(shí)光。the happy time與spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用過(guò)去分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,14.The hospital has rec

15、ently obtained new medical equipment， more patients to be treated.(2017天津，14) A.being allowed B.allowing C.having allowed D.allowed,解析句意為：醫(yī)院最近獲得了新醫(yī)療設(shè)備，從而使更多的病人能夠得到治療。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,15.Much time sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by healt

16、h problems.(2015江蘇，24) A.being spent B.having spent C.spent D.spending,解析句意為：由于大部分時(shí)間坐在辦公桌前，辦公室職員通常被健康問(wèn)題所困擾。由于句中沒(méi)有連詞，故前半句要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；time與spend之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,診斷報(bào)告,解題方法 搞定非謂語(yǔ)只要這三步： 1.判斷“謂”與“非謂” 句子按結(jié)構(gòu)分為三類，即簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。并列句和復(fù)合句都需要連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)，如果兩個(gè)句子用連詞進(jìn)行連接，應(yīng)選謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；如果兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中未出

17、現(xiàn)連詞，則考慮用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。,2.確定與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系 確定要選非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，第二步要找到其邏輯主語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)須和句子的真正主語(yǔ)一致，找不到其邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，整個(gè)句子或句子的主語(yǔ)就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。正確判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系是正確選擇非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的保證，不管是作什么成分的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都體現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)： (1)如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主謂關(guān)系，可用現(xiàn)在分詞； (2)如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，可用過(guò)去分詞。,3.確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的先后 非謂語(yǔ)

18、動(dòng)詞具備動(dòng)詞的一些特點(diǎn)，也可以有動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。對(duì)于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，我們用時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間；對(duì)于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的時(shí)間是一個(gè)相對(duì)時(shí)間，即相對(duì)于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間而言。同時(shí)也需要了解非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同形式所指時(shí)間的含義。如to have done，having done表示該動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生；to be doing，doing強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。,審題要訣可概括為： 動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)它均備，唯作謂語(yǔ)不算對(duì)。 主賓定狀表補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，樣樣功能它都會(huì)。 成分、作用理分明，再把時(shí)間來(lái)核對(duì)。 最后嚴(yán)把語(yǔ)態(tài)關(guān)，考慮周全終無(wú)悔。,PART 3,考點(diǎn)突破,考點(diǎn)1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

19、作狀語(yǔ) 1. over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now. A.Ordering B.To order C.Having ordered D.Ordered,解析句意為：那些書(shū)一周前已經(jīng)預(yù)定了，現(xiàn)在有望隨時(shí)到貨。 order與其邏輯主語(yǔ)the books之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選D。,2.Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way the sun and the stars. A.used B.having used C.using D.use,解析句意為：就像古時(shí)

20、候的水手一樣，鳥(niǎo)能利用太陽(yáng)和星星找到它們的路。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，use與其句中隱含的邏輯主語(yǔ)birds之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用v.-ing形式的一般式，在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于by using the sun and the stars的省略。,3. for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A.To work B.Worked C.To be working D.Having worked,解析句意為：工作了兩天后，史蒂夫設(shè)法準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了報(bào)告。句子主語(yǔ)Steve與動(dòng)詞work之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；同時(shí)work的動(dòng)

21、作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞managed to finish之前，故要用完成時(shí)。,4. the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A.Catching B.Caught C.To catch D.Catch,解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。句意為：為了趕上早班飛機(jī)，我們提前預(yù)定了出租車并且很早就起了床。這里邏輯主語(yǔ)是we，用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，表示提前預(yù)定出租車并且早起的目的。故選C。,考點(diǎn)歸納 (一)分詞作狀語(yǔ) 1.分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨或方式、目的等；作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過(guò)去分詞，取決

22、于該動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。如果是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，一般用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，一般用過(guò)去分詞。分詞的完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。 (1)Pressed from his parents，and realizing that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games. 由于來(lái)自父母的壓力，以及認(rèn)識(shí)到浪費(fèi)了太多的時(shí)間，這個(gè)男孩決定不玩電子游戲了。(表示原因),(2)Having finished his speech，he answered our question

23、s. 做完演講后，他回答了我們的問(wèn)題。(表示時(shí)間) (3)Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful. 從山頂上看，這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。(see與主語(yǔ)the park之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系) (4)Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful. 從山頂上看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)公園顯得更加美麗。(see與主語(yǔ)we之間存在主謂關(guān)系),2.某些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化，此時(shí)這些過(guò)去分詞表示一種狀態(tài)。這樣的詞有：lost(迷路的)，s

24、eated(坐)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(感到厭倦)，faced with(面對(duì))等。 (1)Absorbed in his book，he didnt notice me enter the room. 專心于讀書(shū)，他沒(méi)注意到我進(jìn)入房間。 (2)Dressed in a red coat，he is like a girl rather than a boy. 穿著一件紅色衣服，他更像一個(gè)女孩而不是男孩。,(二)動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)，其中的動(dòng)詞和主句的主語(yǔ)之間要形成主謂關(guān)系。在句子中可以充當(dāng)： 1.目的狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)

25、詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)常用的形式：to do，so as to，in order to等。 2.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) 在only/just to do結(jié)構(gòu)中表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。 3.原因狀語(yǔ) 在be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中作狀語(yǔ)表原因。 4.固定結(jié)構(gòu) 用于too.to do，enough to do，so/such.as to do結(jié)構(gòu)中。,考點(diǎn)2非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ) 1.The national park has a large collection of wildlife， from butterflies to elephants. A.r

26、anging B.range C.to range D.ranged,解析句意為：國(guó)家公園有一大批野生生物，從蝴蝶到大象都有。range from.to.從到(的范圍)。a large collection of wildlife與range之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。,2.I was watching the clock all through the meeting，as I had a train . A.catching B.caught C.to catch D.to be caught,解析句意為：整個(gè)會(huì)議期間，我一直在看時(shí)間，因?yàn)槲乙s火車。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示將要

27、發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，且catch與a train之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。,考點(diǎn)歸納 (一)分詞和動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ) 1.分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)、完成用過(guò)去分詞(done)；表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行用現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)；表示被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行用being done；表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作尚未進(jìn)行用to be done。不定式作定語(yǔ)若表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，名詞前多用形容詞、分詞、序數(shù)詞等修飾。 (1)This is a problem discussed. 這是一個(gè)已討論過(guò)的問(wèn)題。 (2)This is a problem being discussed. This is a problem whic

28、h is being discussed. 這是一個(gè)正在被討論的問(wèn)題。,(3)This is a problem to be discussed. This is a problem which is to be discussed. 這是一個(gè)將要討論的問(wèn)題。 (4)He was the last one to leave school yesterday. 昨天他是最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)教室的。 2.動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示用途，如running shoes(跑鞋)，a drawing board(畫(huà)板)，a swimming pool(游泳池)，a waiting room(候車室)，a walking s

29、tick(手杖)等。,(二)下列情況常用不定式作定語(yǔ) 1.用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或any，the only等限定的中心詞時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。 2.當(dāng)被修飾詞為特定名詞時(shí)常用不定式作定語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的名詞有decision，wish，chance，plan，time，effort，ability，attempt等。,考點(diǎn)3非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ))補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1.I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A.to wind B.wind C.winding

30、 D.wound,解析現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(主動(dòng)的，同時(shí)進(jìn)行的)，wind its way與賓語(yǔ)snake之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系且此動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。句意為：我抬頭望去，注意到一條蛇正蜿蜒爬上樹(shù)去捕捉它的早餐。,2.Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A.amused B.amusing C.to amuse D.to be amused,解析過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與它所修飾的her colleagues存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。keep sb. amused使某人快樂(lè)。

31、句意為：露西有很強(qiáng)的幽默感，她總能用她的故事給她的同事們帶來(lái)歡樂(lè)。,3.Mr Smithour English teacher，is said to England for holiday last week. A.to return B.returning C.to have returned D.having returned,解析Sb. is said to have done sth. 據(jù)說(shuō)某人已經(jīng)做了某事。不定式所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面發(fā)生，動(dòng)詞不定式用完成式。句意為：史密斯先生，我們的英語(yǔ)老師，據(jù)說(shuō)上周已經(jīng)返回英國(guó)去度假了。,4.Though I have heard this

32、song ，I have never heard you it. A.being sung；sang B.sang；singing C.sung；sing D.to be sung；to sing,解析第一空this song和sing是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用sung；第二空you和sing是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用sing。句意為：盡管我聽(tīng)別人唱過(guò)這首歌，但是我可從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到你唱過(guò)這首歌。,考點(diǎn)歸納 1.后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，必須省去to的動(dòng)詞，即“聽(tīng)看觀感使讓幫”sb. /sth. do.。 聽(tīng)hear，listen to；看see，watch，look at，notice；觀observe；感feel；

33、使make，have；讓let；幫help,2.動(dòng)詞keep，leave，set，catch及介詞with后接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 (1)Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 對(duì)不起，讓您久等了。 (2)We cant leave such an important matter unfinished. 我們不能讓這樣一件重要的事半途而廢。 (3)I caught him smoking a cigarette. 我碰到他正在抽煙。 (4)With a lot of work to do，he was not allowed to g

34、o out. 由于有許多工作要做，他不被允許出去。,2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ) 1.I remember the doors when I left the house，but I forgot you about that so that you didnt need to worry. A.to lock；to tell B.locking；forgetting C.locking；to tell D.to lock；telling,解析remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事；forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事。句意為：我記得當(dāng)我離開(kāi)家的時(shí)候鎖了門。但是我忘了要告訴你

35、以便你不必?fù)?dān)心。,2.Mr Smith is considering a computer，which is considered a great help in his work and study. A.buying；to be B.buying；being C.to buy；being D.to buy；to be,解析consider在這兒表示“考慮”之意，后面跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；在think，consider(認(rèn)為)，find等動(dòng)詞后常用“to beadj./n.”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，有時(shí)to be省略。句意為：史密斯先生正在考慮買一臺(tái)電腦，此舉被認(rèn)為對(duì)他的工作和學(xué)習(xí)都有幫助。,3.Im

36、sorry，but I didnt mean out your secret. But you know，letting out a secret means ones feelings. A.to let；to hurt B.letting；hurting C.to let；hurting D.letting；to hurt,解析mean有兩個(gè)用法：一是表示“打算”，此時(shí)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式，mean to do打算做某事；二是表示“意味著”，此時(shí)后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞，mean doing sth. 意味著做某事。句意為：對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)打算泄露你的秘密。但是你知道，泄密意味著傷害了一個(gè)人的感情。,

37、考點(diǎn)歸納非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的四種情況： 1.介詞后常常接動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，且前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，不定式就要省略to。 2.巧記只跟動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞：R，WOLF HEAD MAP！(??！狼頭圖！) Rrefuse；Wwant，wish；Ooffer；Llong(渴望)；Ffail；Hhappen；Eexpect；Aask；Ddecide，determine；Mmanage；Aafford；Ppretend 3.巧記只能跟doing的動(dòng)詞：MEGIDCAFEPS(諧音：賣給的咖啡不是) Mmind，miss；Eenjoy；Ggive up；Iimagin

38、e，include；Ddeny，delay；Cconsider；Aadvise，appreciate；Ffinish；Eescape，excuse；Ppractise；Ssuggest,4.既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，但兩者意思不同。 mean forget remember regret,try go on stop cant help,(1)Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed. 臨睡前記著關(guān)燈。 (2)I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers.

39、我記得在報(bào)紙上看到過(guò)關(guān)于這次地震的消息。 (3)Dont forget to turn down the gas after an hour or so. 別忘了過(guò)一個(gè)小時(shí)左右把煤氣關(guān)小點(diǎn)兒。 (4)I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記第一次看見(jiàn)長(zhǎng)城的情景。 (5)I regret to say the job has been filled. 我很遺憾地告訴你，那個(gè)工作已經(jīng)有人做了。 (6)I regret saying what I said.I shouldnt have said i

40、t. 我懊悔說(shuō)了那些話。我是不應(yīng)該這樣說(shuō)的。,3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ) 1.He went to the payphone to make a call but the phone . A.is broken B.has broken C.was broken D.would break,解析broken過(guò)去分詞表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，意為“壞的”。再根據(jù)but前的went可知是過(guò)去時(shí)。句意為：他去付費(fèi)電話亭打電話，但是電話壞了。,2.How do you like your new neighbour? She is ，but her appearance is a bit . A.interest

41、ing；disappointed B.interested；disappointed C.interesting；disappointing D.interested；disappointing,解析兩個(gè)空所要填的詞都是用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)給他人的印象的，故都用現(xiàn)在分詞。句意為：她很有趣，但她的長(zhǎng)相有點(diǎn)讓人失望。,3.He has been doing the job for many years，but has never felt it，though his workmates think it is . A.tired of；tired B.tired of；tiring C.tiring of

42、；tired D.tiring of；tiring,解析be tired of對(duì)厭倦；tired感到厭倦的，指人的心理感受；tiring令人厭倦的，主語(yǔ)呈現(xiàn)給他人的特點(diǎn)或特征。句意為：他多年以來(lái)一直在做這份工作，但是他從來(lái)沒(méi)有對(duì)它感到厭倦過(guò)。盡管他的同事們認(rèn)為這是一份令人厭倦的工作。,考點(diǎn)歸納 1.不定式作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容、目的等。 (1)My goal is to be a scientist. 我的目標(biāo)是當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。 (2)What strikes me most is to see him always busy. 使我感到驚訝的是總看見(jiàn)他很忙碌。 2.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽

43、象的概念。 (1)My favorite sport is skiing. 我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是滑雪。 (2)Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。,3.作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞，往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，用于說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)與特征。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，往往表示主語(yǔ)所處的一種狀態(tài)，有時(shí)候用于“getv.-ed”結(jié)構(gòu)中。 (1)The report is very encouraging. 這個(gè)報(bào)告非常鼓舞人心。 (2)I got confused，even bored. 我被搞得迷惑了，甚至有點(diǎn)煩了。,4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ) 1. the difference between

44、the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. A.Ignore B.Ignoring C.Ignored D.Having ignored,解析句意為：忽視這兩個(gè)研究結(jié)果的不同將是你犯的最嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤之一。從will be one of the worst mistakes you make來(lái)看，will的前面部分是主語(yǔ)，因此用v.-ing短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。這里表達(dá)一般情況，因此不用完成式。,2.Its standard practice for a company like this one a secur

45、ity officer. A.employed B.being employed C.to employ D.employs,解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的“ a security officer”；再根據(jù)句型“It isn.(for sb. )to do sth. ”可知選to employ。,考點(diǎn)歸納 1.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。有時(shí)候用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常用于Its no use/good/useless/of little use/useful/worth/a waste of time doing等句式中。 (1)Going to bed e

46、arly and rising early is a good habit. 早睡早起是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。 (2)Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。 2.不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示一個(gè)具體的動(dòng)作、一種愿望、目的或未完成的事，通常用形式主語(yǔ)it代替。常見(jiàn)的it代替不定式作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有： It beadj.(for sb. ) to do sth. It ben.(for sb. ) to do sth. It beadj.of sb. (to do sth. ),(1)To stop the work now seems impossible. It seems

47、 impossible to stop the work now. 現(xiàn)在停止這項(xiàng)工作似乎是不可能的。 (2)Its so nice to hear your voice. 聽(tīng)到你的聲音真高興。 (3)It wont be easy for you to find a job. 找一份新工作對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)不容易。 (4)It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這顯得太自私了。,考點(diǎn)4獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 1. ，well go camping this weekend. A.Weather permitting B.If we

48、ather is permitted C.Weather permits D.Weather permitted,解析句意為：如果天氣允許的話，我們本周末將去野營(yíng)。此處考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)weather permitting作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句if weather permits。,2.All things ，the planned trip will have to be called off. A.considered B.be considered C.considering D.having considered,解析consider與all things為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。 句意為

49、：一切事情考慮在內(nèi)計(jì)劃不得不被取消了。,3.With a lot of difficult problems ，the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled,解析句意為：有許多的難題要解決，這位新選的總統(tǒng)正過(guò)著一段艱難的日子。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，難題還沒(méi)解決，動(dòng)作在將來(lái)，故用不定式。,4.Now that weve discussed the problem，are people happy with the decisions ？ A.takin

50、g B.take C.taken D.to take,解析句意為：我們已經(jīng)討論了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，人們對(duì)這些決定滿意嗎？take 與the decisions之間存在的關(guān)系是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。,考點(diǎn)歸納 1.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由“普通格名詞(或主格代詞)分詞、不定式、名詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，通常用逗號(hào)與句子的其他部分隔開(kāi)。 (1)Mary coming back，they discussed it together. 瑪麗回來(lái)后，他們一起討論了那件事。 (2)Good luck given，I will earn more money than all of you.

51、 運(yùn)氣好的話，我掙的錢將比你們所有人掙得都多。,2.there be句型的非謂語(yǔ)形式 (1)Ive never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall. 我從未想到墻上會(huì)有幅畫(huà)。 (2)I expect there to be many chances for her to get a job. 我希望她有很多機(jī)會(huì)找到工作。 (3)There being ice on the road，I told the driver to slow down. 路上有冰，我讓司機(jī)減速慢行。 (4)There having been no water for

52、 two days，the travelers were all very thirsty. 已經(jīng)兩天都沒(méi)有水了，所有游客都非?？?。,考點(diǎn)5“連詞分詞(短語(yǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu) Children，when by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium. A.to be accompanied B.to accompany C.accompanying D.accompanied,解析句意為：孩子們?cè)诟改傅呐阃虏疟辉试S進(jìn)入該體育館。因?yàn)閏hildren和accompany之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去分詞accompanied。此處是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，

53、還原后是when they are accompanied by their parents。,考點(diǎn)歸納 分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)前面可用一個(gè)連詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或出于表達(dá)需要，常用的連詞有：when，while，if，though，whether.or.，unless，as if等。有時(shí)這種結(jié)構(gòu)可看成是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。 (1)Though left behind and feeling awkward，Jack kept on running until he reached the finishing line. 雖然他被落在后面感到很局促不安，但是杰克堅(jiān)持跑到了終點(diǎn)線。 (2)You shoul

54、d stay where you are，unless asked to leave. 你應(yīng)該待在你現(xiàn)在的地方不動(dòng)，除非讓你動(dòng)。,考點(diǎn)6固定結(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用 He is thought foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A.to act B.to have acted C.acting D.having acted,解析sb. be thought to.某人被認(rèn)為，是固定句式。句意為：他被認(rèn)為是舉止愚蠢的，現(xiàn)在失去這份工作他只能責(zé)怪自己，不能怨別人。根據(jù)句意可知，他表現(xiàn)很糟糕是在丟掉

55、工作之前，所以用不定式的完成式。故B項(xiàng)正確。,考點(diǎn)歸納高頻固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)薈萃： 1.be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事 2.There is no need to do sth. 沒(méi)有必要做某事 3.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花多少時(shí)間做某事 4.be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 5.spend money/time (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)金錢或時(shí)間做某事 6.have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難 7.prevent/stop

56、.(from) doing sth. 阻止做某事 8.with賓語(yǔ),doing(表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作) done(表示被動(dòng)或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作) to do(表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作),注意：在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，取決于賓語(yǔ)與其后的成分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。,PART 4,專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練,1.The man the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion was arrested.(2019鹽城中學(xué)高三質(zhì)檢) A.having circulating B.to circulate C.circulatin

57、g D.to have circulated,解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：散布18名火警在爆炸中喪生了的這條假消息的人被逮捕了。散布假消息與the man 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)， 故選C。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2.With the number of homecoming overseas students up in recent years，the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded.(2019南京高三三模) A.shot B.being shot C.shooting D.to

58、 shoot,解析句意為：近年來(lái)，由于歸國(guó)留學(xué)生人數(shù)激增，外國(guó)學(xué)位持有者的吸引力逐漸減弱。本句為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，shoot與overseas students構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)，故選C。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,3.We had better put off interviewing the athlete，for he is busy preparing for an international contest _ in Shanghai next month. A.held B.to hold C.being held D.to be held,解析句意為：我們最好推遲采訪這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員，因?yàn)樗τ跍?zhǔn)備下個(gè)月在上海舉行的國(guó)際比賽。此處contest和hold之間是一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且比賽尚未舉行，故用不定式的一般被動(dòng)式作后置定語(yǔ)，故選D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,4.Some educators insist to classical music is certainly a form of school education. A.exposed B.being exposed C.exposing D.having been expos