怎么找非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語[文檔資料]

怎么找非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語 本文檔格式為 WORD,感謝你的閱讀。 用好非謂語動(dòng)詞，找到其邏輯主語是關(guān)鍵，下文結(jié)合例句和考題討論非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語的位置。 一、句子的主語 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語、主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其邏輯主語為句子的主語。如： Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer.（ to have invented 為句子的主語補(bǔ)足語，它的邏輯主語是 Charles Babbage，該動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞所示動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，用完成式） 例 1 _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason， you will regret it sooner or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 解析：選 B。動(dòng)詞 base 與邏輯主語 you 之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。注意：（ sb.） base A on B相當(dāng)于 A is based on B。 例 2 Having finished her project， she was invited by the school _ to the new students. A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken 解析：選 C。 to speak 作邏輯主語 she 的補(bǔ)足語，注意搭配 invite sb. to do sth.。 二、句子的賓語 非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，該賓語就是非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語。如： She stood in front of him， with her eyes fixed on his face.（ fixed 的邏輯主語是介詞 with 的賓語 her eyes，注意搭配 fix ones eyes on sth. ） 例 3 Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams. A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind 解析：選 C。 reminded 作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示狀態(tài)，邏輯主語 himself 和 reminded 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 例 4 I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 解析：選 C。此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。winding its way 與句子的賓語 snake 之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 三、修飾的先行詞 非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語時(shí)，其邏輯主語為該詞修飾的先行詞。如： The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.（ operating 的邏輯主語為先行詞 the people，它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系） His first book to be published next month is expected to be a success.（不定式 to be published 表示將來的動(dòng)作，其邏輯主語是 his first book） 例 5 Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析：選 B。非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，和被修飾的 survey是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用 -ing 形式。 例 6 Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 解析：選 A。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處為后置定語，根據(jù) will influence 確定為將來動(dòng)作，且與被修飾的名詞是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 例 7 The witnesses _ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned 解析：選 A。首先判斷此處需要一個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞，作witnesses 的后置定語， question 與 witnesses 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞 just now 可知?jiǎng)幼?question 已經(jīng)完成。 四、獨(dú)立的邏輯主語 非謂語部分常作狀語，其邏輯主語與主句的主語不同，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如： All the work done， you can have a rest now.（ done 的邏輯主語是 work，主句主語是 you） He suggested going for a picnic， Mary to provide the food.（不定式表示將來的動(dòng)作，邏輯主語是Mary，主句主語是 he） 例 8 Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures， some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have 解析：選 A。因?yàn)榫渲幸延兄^語動(dòng)詞 are，所以該空要填非謂語動(dòng)詞；因?yàn)檫壿嬛髡Z與 have 為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用 -ing 形式。 例 9 The party will be held in the garden，weather _. A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 解析：選 A。由于主句的主語 party 與 weather 不一致，所以 weather 作 permitting 的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。兩者為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。 此外，動(dòng) 名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)也有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語。如： Many trees were cut down and that resulted in the village being buried by sand. （ the village 可用the villages 代替，是 being buried 的邏輯主語） Marys not passing the driving test made her very upset. （動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作句子的主語， Marys 不宜用 Mary 代替） 五 、無邏輯主語 非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中作主語、賓語和表語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于名詞，常常沒有邏輯主語。 1. To see is to believe.（非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語） 2. His plan is about expanding the business.（非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語） 例 10 No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ sile