裕興新概念英語第二冊完美打印版筆記_第37課.doc

Lesson 37 The Olympic Games奧林匹克運(yùn)動會 一單詞講解Olympic adj奧林匹克競賽的the Olympic fire奧林匹克圣火the Olympic Games/the Olympics奧林匹克運(yùn)動會hold-held-held1) conduct舉行，進(jìn)行例: The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008.奧運(yùn)會將在2008年在北京召開A meeting was held here yesterday昨天一個會議被召開了。2)observe，celebrate慶祝，過（節(jié)日，生日，周年）例: Do you hold Christmas in your country?你們國家慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？3)take and keep/grab/seize/catch抓住，握住hold my hand抓住我的手take hold of.catch hold of.get hold of. 抓住.例: l threw the rope and he caught hold of it.我扔出了繩了，他抓住了它。4) contain容納have enough space for sb/sth例: My brain cannot hold so much information at one time我的大腦一下子不能容納這么多信息。The auditorium can hold l, 000 people這個禮堂能夠容納1000人5)堅(jiān)持例：Hold on! 堅(jiān)持??！Stick to it! 堅(jiān)持住！Never say die！ 永不言?。ever give up! 永不放棄！Never lose heart! 永不要灰心喪氣！Hold the line, please 請稍等，不要掛斷電話。Hold it! 別掛斷！Hold on a minute，please !請稍等（不要掛斷電話）。government n政府govern v治理（國家，國民），統(tǒng)治，管理，抑制例: The mayor governed the city very wisely.這個市長很好的治理這個城市。govern the people 統(tǒng)治人民govern a school 管理一所學(xué)校govern one s temper 抑制某人的脾氣government n政治，政府government of the people, by the people and for the people民有，民治，民享的政治the local government 地方政府：governor n州長（美）：總督，總裁，管理者（-英）Run for Governor-by Mark Twain競選州長the board of governors 董理事會the governor of the prison 監(jiān)獄長stadium n露大體育場a baseball stadium 棒球館a swimming stadium 游泳館an indoor stadium 室內(nèi)游泳館the Olympic stadium 奧林匹克運(yùn)動場gymnasium健身房，室內(nèi)體育館gymgymnasia(pl)capital1) n首都，省會例: London, Paris and Rome are capital cities.倫敦、巴黎以及羅馬都是首都城市。Paris is the capital of France 巴黎是法國的首都。2) n大寫字母capital letterwrite in capitals用大寫字母來書寫例: Begin your sentence with a capital.用大寫字母開始句首。3) n資本，資金capitalism 資本主義capitalist 資本家set up a business with a capital starting of lOO, OOO.以十萬英鎊的起始資金創(chuàng)辦公司。fixed capital固定資本circulating capital流動資本capital and interest資本及利息4) adj.致命的，可處死刑的capital punishment 死刑a capital blunder 大錯誤standard1)adj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，一般的standard English 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英語a car of the standard size標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大小的汽車2) adj極佳的，一流的a standard composer一流的作曲家 3)n標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水準(zhǔn)，模范，規(guī)范living standard生活水準(zhǔn)the standard of living生活水準(zhǔn)moral standard 道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)criterion n標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尺度criteria pl.例: His work was below the required standard.他的工作低于要求的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。standard time標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時間（以格林尼治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時間為基準(zhǔn)，在某個地區(qū)或國家采用的時間）fantastic /immense adj巨大的big大的反義詞small小的large（寬度，數(shù)量上）大的huge巨大的，極大地very large in size or amount , enormousvast: very large in area, size, quantity or degree （面積，體積，數(shù)量，程度）巨大的immense：extremely large 巨大的，非常大的fantastic （口）巨大的enormous: very large， immense 巨大的， 極大的tremendous: very great 巨大的，極大的giant n巨人 巨物 adj.巨大的gigantic adj. 巨大的of very great size or extent, immensetitanic 巨大的fantastic1)adj巨大的2)adj. （口）極好的，美妙的，很棒的例： The night view of the bay is even more fantastic.海灣的夜景甚至更美。designl)v設(shè)計(jì)，擬訂例: She designs dresses for the singer.她為那個歌星設(shè)計(jì)的衣服。He designed a plot for his new novel.他為新的小說設(shè)計(jì)情節(jié)。design a perfect crime 籌劃一個天衣無縫的犯罪The house is designed for a large family.這個房子是為人口多的家庭設(shè)計(jì)的。designer n. 設(shè)計(jì)師2)V圖樣，設(shè)計(jì)（圖）a design for a dress -條裙子的圖樣a school of dress design 服裝設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校draft a design for a building 畫建筑的設(shè)計(jì)圖dra:ft例: The machine is of very poor design.這個機(jī)器設(shè)計(jì)極其的糟糕。二、關(guān)鍵句型Key structures將來完成時一般將來時：will + do現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has 過去分詞將來完成時：will(shall)have +v- ed農(nóng)將來某時會完成的事情并往往對將來某時間產(chǎn)生影響，常常與表將來的時間狀語連用。區(qū)別：一般將來時間狀語連用。區(qū)別：一般將來時時將要發(fā)生的事。例: I shall have finished this book before lunch.在午飯之前我將要看完這本書。Theyll have hit the year s target by the end of October.到十月底為止，他們已經(jīng)完成這本書了。When we get there they ll probably have left.他們可能已經(jīng)走了。By this time next year we ll have turned all the land into rice fields.到明年這個時候?yàn)橹梗覀円呀?jīng)把稻田變成了田地。He will have moved to a new flat in two months time.兩個月之后，他將已經(jīng)搬進(jìn)新的公寓了。三、課文講解TextThe Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time.game n cform of play or sport with rulesa game of cards紙牌游戲例: Playing house is one of the favorite games of children.玩過家家是孩子們最喜歡的游戲。games運(yùn)動會 (pl.)the Games （國際）體育比賽international athletic contests 國際性比賽the Olympic Games 奧林匹克運(yùn)動會play a cat-and-mouse game with sb 欲擒故縱the luck of the game 手氣in 4 years time= in four years 四年之后此句為被動語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)是We will hold the Olympic Games in our country in four years time四年之后，將在我國召開運(yùn)動會。As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool.a great many +pl 許多a good many十pl.a large number of+ pl.many a + single n. （謂語用單數(shù)）They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called Olympic City. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.By the end of the Year 到今年年底為止in the end 最后at last 最后finally 最后at the end of+時間地點(diǎn)at the end of this month 這個月月底at the end of this road 這個路的盡頭by the end of 與完成時連用By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadiumThe fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kr Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.go upmushroom up如雨后春筍般越來越多例: New buildings mushroom up.新的建筑物像雨后春筍一般聳立起來。We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.look forward to ( prep) + n. /doing/pron.渴望，盼望（常用進(jìn)行時態(tài)）be eager to do sth 熱切的盼望做某事be eager for sth 熱切的期望著什么long to do sth渴望做某事long for sth 渴望著什么東西例：I am looking forward to your letter.我期待著你的信。I am looking forward to seeing you again.我渴望著再次見到你。look1)n神情，表情good looking 好看的common looking 長相普通的ordinary-looking 長相普通的have a look at 看一眼2) vi.look at 看look for 尋找look after 照顧look into像里面看：調(diào)查，研究look on 旁觀look through 透過一看；快速瀏覽look over 反反復(fù)復(fù)地看look back 回顧 look back the pastlook forward 向前看，展望；渴望look out 小心例：Look out! A bus is coming小心，公共汽車來了。look up查字典；拜訪；抬起頭，仰視例: I don t understand this word, I shall look it up in a dictionary.我不明白這個詞，應(yīng)該在字典里查一下。Don t forget to look me up when you return.等你回來的時候不要忘了來看看我。He did not look up from his desk when I entered his office.當(dāng)我進(jìn)入辦公室的時候，他甚至沒有從辦公桌上抬起頭來。put take get set look have萬能詞：Words have no meanings; people have meanings for words詞是沒有含義的，人們?yōu)榇速x了含義。四、練習(xí)Exercises1. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. They _.A. have already finished B. haven t finished yetC. finished long time ago D. are finishing now工人們將在今年年底將公路鋪好，他們還沒有完成。分析： A已經(jīng)完成了； C很久前完成的：D正在完成； B還沒有完成。答案是B2. By the end of next year they will have finis