高三英語(yǔ)教案：《過(guò)去完成時(shí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、高三英語(yǔ)教案：過(guò)去完成時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一、 概念過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，即 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ( past-in-the-past ) ?！?|-|-|-那時(shí)以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在二、 構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)由 “助動(dòng)詞 had + 過(guò)去分詞 ”構(gòu)成，其中 had 通用于各種人稱。例如：They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.他們來(lái)賓館之前就已經(jīng)吃過(guò)飯了。He didn t go to bed until he had finished he work.他直到把工作做完之后才睡覺(jué)。三

2、、 用法1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”。例如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒來(lái)時(shí)，雨已經(jīng)停了。 (主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”)He had left when I arrived. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)。2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”，只有和過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才使用它。例如：She told me that she had written a new novel.她告訴我她已經(jīng)寫好一本小說(shuō)了。 (had written 發(fā)生

3、在 told 之前 )I found the watch which I had lost. 我找到了我丟失的表。3. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)需要與一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，它不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。 此時(shí)多與 already，yet，still，just，before，never等時(shí)間副詞及 b y，before，until 等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。例如：Before she came to China, Amy had taught English in a middle schoolfor about five years.艾米來(lái)中國(guó)之前，在一所中學(xué)已經(jīng)教了五年英語(yǔ)。Tom had colle

4、cted more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he wasseven.湯姆在七歲時(shí)已經(jīng)集了 300 多張中國(guó)郵票。4. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到這一過(guò)去時(shí)間， 而且動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束， 仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。例如：By the end of last year, my father had worked in the factory fortwenty years.去年年底時(shí)， 爸爸已經(jīng)在工廠工作二十年了。 ( had worked 已有了20 年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能 )By six o clock he had

5、 worked eleven hour到s. 6 點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)他就已經(jīng)工作了 11 小時(shí)。5.動(dòng)詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend 等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。例如：I had wanted to help but could not get there in time.我本來(lái)打算去幫忙，但沒(méi)有及時(shí)趕到那里。They had hoped to be able to come and see you.他們本來(lái)希望能來(lái)看看你。6.過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可用在 hardly when n, o sooner than I,t wasthe f

6、irst (second, etc) time (that) 等固定句型中。例如：Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him.他剛開(kāi)始演講，聽(tīng)眾就打斷了他。No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他剛到就又走了。It was the third time that she had been out of work that year.這是她那一年第三次失業(yè)了。過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法總結(jié)如下表：過(guò) 去 完 成 時(shí)構(gòu)成 助動(dòng)詞 had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞基本用法 1)

7、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，即 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去”?？梢杂?by,before 等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示，還可能通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示2)表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始， 一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和 for, since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用3)過(guò)去完成時(shí)常常用在賓語(yǔ)從句 (或間接引語(yǔ) )中，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句表示的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前4)在包含有 when, until 等連詞的復(fù)合句中，如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的過(guò)去動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示和其它時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別 過(guò)去完成時(shí) /現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)著

8、眼于現(xiàn)在，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的某動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，或是由過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作過(guò)去完成時(shí)則主要體現(xiàn)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作先后有別，表達(dá)的是 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”過(guò)去完成時(shí)/一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某時(shí)間或另一動(dòng)作之前已完成一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生過(guò)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)與另一動(dòng)作的比較注意事項(xiàng)1)動(dòng)詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend 等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可用在 hardly when ,no sooner than I,t wasthe first (second, etc) time (t

9、hat) 等固定句型中。3)It/This was +序數(shù)詞time 或最高級(jí)that 后面的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。4)用于表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)著眼于現(xiàn)在，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的某動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，或是由過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。例如：I have cleaned the classroom.我打掃干凈教室了。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)掃地所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果：地干凈了 !)They have lived here for twenty years.他們住在這二十年了。 ( “住”從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))We have lived in Beijing sinc

10、e we came China.自我們來(lái)中國(guó)就住在北京了。 ( “住”是從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) )過(guò)去完成時(shí)則主要體現(xiàn)過(guò)去發(fā)生的兩動(dòng)作的先后有別，表達(dá)的是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”，即比過(guò)去發(fā)生的某動(dòng)作都還要 “過(guò)去”，兩動(dòng)作中先發(fā)生的就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的則只用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。運(yùn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句子往往有兩過(guò)去的時(shí)間或動(dòng)作。例如：Mr Smith had lived in London for ten years before he came to China.史密斯先生在來(lái)中國(guó)之前就已經(jīng)在倫敦住過(guò)十年了。 ( “來(lái)”中國(guó)已成過(guò)去，而先前 “住”在紐約就是過(guò)去的過(guò)去 !)We had lear

11、ned 2000 words by the end of last term.在上期期末，我們就已經(jīng)學(xué)了 2000 個(gè)單詞。( “上期期末 ”已過(guò)去，而在其前 “學(xué)”的就更過(guò)去了 !)過(guò)去完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)填空1. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother _already_to hospital.A. has; been sent B. had; sent C. has; sent D. had; beensent2. The students _ several new English songs by the end of

12、 lastterm.A. had learned B. learned C. have learned D. will havelearned3. Lu Mei told me she _breakfast, so she was very hungry afterhaving two classes.A. has had B. hasnt have C. have had D. hadnt had4. Hardly _ to the bus stop when the bus left, which drove themcrazy.A did they get B they got C ha

13、d they got D has they got5. She _her keys in the office so she had to wait until herhusband _home.A has left; comes B had left; would come C had left; came Dleft; had come6. Mr. Black said that it was at least ten years since he _a gooddrink.A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have beenenj

14、oying7. I _ to catch the first train but I got up too late this morning.A. hoping B. had hoped C. has hoped D. would hope8. Dr. Brown was very disappointed that one third of the guests _when he _ at the party.A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D.had left; arrived9. Tom fi

15、rst met me 10 years ago. I_ in a radio factory at thattime.A. had worked B. have worked C. was working D. has beenworking10. - What _ when I phoned you?- I _ my work, and wanted to go out for a walk.A. have you done; finished B. were you doing; have finishedC. did you do; had just finished D. were y

16、ou doing; had justfinished11. It is very clear that you were in a hurry. You _ your sweaterinside out.A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing12. - We _ that you would fix the TV set this week.- I m sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but I ve been too busy.A. had expected; had intended B. are

17、 expecting; had intendedC. expect; intend D. expected; intend13. -Alice came back home the day before yesterday.-Really? Where _?A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. hadshe gone14. Mr. Green and I are familiar with each other; we _ to eachother at an international conference.A. are int

18、roduced B. are being introducedC. were introduced D. had been introduced15. - Did he notice you enter the room?- I don t think so. He _ to the radio with his eyes shut.A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. hadlistened16. Tom and Jack met again in the street that day. Until then, they_ each

19、 other for nearly two years.A. didn t see B. hadn t seen C. haven t seen D. haven t beenseen17. -Jane, do you still remember the first time we met?-Of course I do. You _ in the library.A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read18. A lot of my friends want to buy that kind of cloth because they

20、_ the cloth _ well.A. have told; washes B. have been told; washesC. was told; washed D. have been told; is washed19. The young professor talked for about nearly two hours yesterday.Never _ him talk so much.A.I heard B. did I hear C.I had heard D. had I heard20. Ms Wang _ to the office than she got d

21、own to writing thereport.A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got C. no sooner got D. hadno sooner got21. My dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere but still_it.A. has lost; don t find B. is missing; don t findC. has lost; haven t foundD. is missing; haven t found22. - Excuse me, sir. Would you

22、 do me a favour?- Of course. What is it?- I _ if you could take me to the station.A. would wonder B. did wonder C. was wondering D. hadwondered23. -Hi, Liu Tao. I dropped in at your house at about ten last night,but you weren t in.-Oh, I _ regular exercise at the club.A. did B. was doing C. had done

23、 D have been doing24. All the policemen asttention was suddenly caught by a smalldusty box which_ placed in the corner of the room.A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be25. By the time I got home yesterday, my husband _ cookingthe dinner.A. had finished B. finished C. has finished D. finis

24、hes26. My friend asked me whether it was the first time that I _skiing.A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. would go27. To everyone s surprise, Mr Smith s son spent much more moneythan he _ on the journey.A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned28. If he _ to the meeting yesterday, I w

25、ould have met him.A. had come B. came C. would come D. was coming29. I was late for the interview yesterday. I _ the road to beso crowded.A. wouldntexpect B. havenet xpected C. wasntexpecting D.hadnt expected30. -How long had the hotel _ fire when the firemen gotthere?-For an hour or so.A. caught B.

26、 been caught C. been on D. been catching二、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1 By the time we got to the airport, the plane _ (take) off.2 The children _ (have) the book for two weeks before theyreturned it to the library.3 He _ (study) English for five years before he came here.4 When I woke up this morning, I found that

27、 it _ (stop)snowing.5 The boy _ (not watch) the movie because he had watched ittwice.6 Kate told me that it was the second time that she _ (go)skating.7 When Jim _ (come) to China two years ago, he found peopledidnt understand him at all though he _(learn) some Chinese inhis own country.8 I saw Han

28、Mei yesterday. We _ (not see) each other since weleft Beijing.9 If you _ (work) harder, you would have passed theexamination.10 No sooner had we got there than it _ (begin) to rain.三、句子改錯(cuò)1. When she got home last night, her three children went to bed.2. I didnt go to see the firm because I saw it be

29、fore.3. The wind was still blowing, but the rain has stopped.4. By the end of last term we learned about 1,500 English words.5. Jim got seriously ill. He didn eaten anytthing since Tuesday.四、中譯英1 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始十分鐘了。2 他們本來(lái)計(jì)劃在上個(gè)周末前到達(dá)中國(guó)的。3 火車開(kāi)出之前，所有的參觀者就已經(jīng)到了車站。4 我告訴了我美國(guó)的朋友在過(guò)去的三十年里中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5 我原以為這是他

30、第一次遲到。五、真題回顧1. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there severalyears ago.A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been3. -Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.-Oh, nothing mu

31、ch. In fact, I _ of my friends back home.A. have just thought B. was just thinkingC. would just think D. will just be thinking4. -Tom, you didn t come to the party last night?-I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.A. had to B. didn t C. was going to D. wouldn t5. -Did you tidy your roo

32、m?- No, I was going to tidy my room but I _ visitors.A. had B. have C. have had D. will have6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances_ in the past years.A. discovered B. have discoveredC. had been discovered D. have been discovered7. They_two free tickets to Canada, otherwise

33、 they d never havebeen able to afford to go.A. had got B. got C. have got D. get8. -Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He _, because he doesnt know much about computers.A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it9. I got caught in the rain and my suit _.A. has ruined B. had ruined C

34、. has been ruined D. hadbeen ruined10. -It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, dont mention it. I _ past your house anyway.A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come11. -I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterdayevening.-Impossible. She _TV with me in my home then.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. waswatching12. As the years passed, many occasions birthdays, awards,graduations _ with Dad s flowers.A. are marked B. were marked C.