外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)(含練習(xí))36751教案資料

1、外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)（含練習(xí) ） 3 67 51精品文檔外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. 詞類：物主代詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 和方位介詞短語(yǔ)2. 時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)3. 句型：特殊疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、感嘆句詞和類選擇疑問(wèn)句1）物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞（ 屬于誰(shuí)的）人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代 詞名詞性物主代 詞形容性物主代 詞名詞性物主代 詞第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系：形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。

2、 My father, your teacher. 物主代詞名詞性物主代詞 : 相當(dāng)于與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞 +名詞。This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt.練習(xí) （ 1）選擇題。（ ） 1. Look at.A. him B. he C. his（ ） 2. I driveto the park every day.A. they B. their C. them( ) 3.classroom is big.A. we B. us C. Our( ) 4. I love.A. she B. her C. hers( ) 5. Do you know?

3、A. I B. my C. me( ) 6. I amson.A. they B. their C. them( ) 7. This is not desk. My desk is over there.A. I B. my C. me( )8. Can you spell name, Harry? Sorry.A. you B. your C. yours( ) 9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is room.A. they B. them C. their( ) 10. We are in the same class. classroom is ve

4、ry nice.A. our B. my C. ours( ) 11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. I m student.A. he B. his C. him( ) 12. That s a cat. name is Mimi.A. It B. It s C. Its (2)用括號(hào)里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1, Mr Yang is (we) teacher.(him) is from Beijing. (his)teaches(our) English.2, Look,there is a cat.(they) is Lilys.(it) name is Mimi.3

5、, Let(I) tell (she) about(he) life at school.4, This is (they) room.Where is (our)?5, Dont use the eraser. is (me).6, The lady under the tree is (me) aunt.(her) often sings with(she) husband2) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can1. 含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力，能或會(huì) 2. 特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。3. 否定形式： cannot(正式用法 )can口t( 語(yǔ) )4. 句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句： 主

6、語(yǔ) + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 + 。She / They can swim well. 否定句： 主語(yǔ) + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 + 。She / They can not swim well. 一般疑問(wèn)句： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 + ？Can she / they swim well?Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they can t.特殊疑問(wèn)句： 疑問(wèn)詞 + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 + ?Why can she / they swim well?Who can swim wel

7、l?練習(xí)：( ) 1) The sign on the wall means youstay away from the building.A. mustB. can tC. shouldnt( ) 2) How many booksyou see on the desk?A. may B. can C. should( )3) -you see the sign over there? - Sorry, I can t.A. Can B. Can .t S Chould4. I can run fast. I fast. (否定句 )5. He can play basketball wel

8、l. (一般疑問(wèn)句) he basketball well?3) 介詞overon正上方on the left of. 在左邊next to/near 在in the front of附近，緊挨著在里面的前面under .在 .正下方in front of. 在.前面between .and .在兩者之間Lingling sits between Tony and Daming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間 among 在三者或三者以上之間Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老師在許多同學(xué)之間 注意：介詞短語(yǔ)常和 be 動(dòng)詞連用。時(shí)態(tài)1) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

9、in+一段時(shí)間； tomorrow ；in the future; next+ 時(shí)間； this+時(shí)間(表 示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)) be(is,am.are) going to 的用法。含義：計(jì)劃，打算做某事 將來(lái)時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：一般將來(lái)時(shí) be going to+動(dòng)詞原形肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) +be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 . 否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) +be not going to +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他. 一般疑問(wèn)句： be 動(dòng)詞提前Be +主語(yǔ) +going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他？be going to肯定回答： Yes，主語(yǔ) +be. 否定回答： No，主語(yǔ) +be not. 注意：

10、表示計(jì)劃到某地去，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 go與 going 重復(fù)，一般只說(shuō) +地點(diǎn). come/go/arrive/leave 等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來(lái)。 Eg:I am going to London next year.She is going to check her email.Look! The bus is coming.由 shall和 will 引導(dǎo)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)含義：將會(huì) 特點(diǎn)：助動(dòng)詞 shall 和 will 沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。 shall 在一般將來(lái)時(shí)中，一般用于第一人稱之后。例如： I/We shall have an English lesson

11、. 我們將有一節(jié)英語(yǔ)課。 否定形式： shall not shant will notwont 將來(lái)時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu) :肯定句：主語(yǔ) +shall/will+do否定句：主語(yǔ) +shall/will+not+do （will not 可縮寫(xiě)成 wont） 一般疑問(wèn)句： shall/will+ 主語(yǔ)+ do特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + shall/will+ 主語(yǔ) +do2） 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： yesterday（昨天） , last week（上周） , last mo

12、nth （上個(gè) 月）, last year（去年） , two months ago （兩個(gè)月前） , the day before yesterday （前天）， in 1990 （在 1990年）, in those days （在那些日子里）等表示過(guò)去的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。3動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)： V-ed動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是 e加 d，如： taste-tasted3末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾 的輔音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾

13、的，變 y為 i，再加-ed，如： study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式： lose（丟失 ） lostmake（制造） mademean（意思 ） meantmeet（見(jiàn) ） metpay（ 付 ） paidsay（說(shuō)） saidsell（賣(mài) ） soldsend（送）sentsit（坐） satsleep（睡 ） sleptsmell（嗅） smeltspell（拼寫(xiě)） speltspend（度過(guò) ） spentstand（站 ） stoodteach（教 ） taughttell（告訴） toldwin（ 贏 ） wonthink（ 想 ） thoughtunderstand（

14、理解 ） understoodbegin（開(kāi)始） beganblow（吹） blewbreak（ 打破 ） brokechoose（選擇） chosedo（做） diddraw（ 畫(huà) ） drewdrink（ 喝） drankdrive（ 駕駛 ） droveeat（吃 ） atefall（ 落下 ） fellfly（ 飛 ） flewforget（忘） forgotgive（給） gavego（去） wentgrow（ 成長(zhǎng) ） grewknow（ 知道 ） knewlie（ 躺 ） laylainring（ 按鈴） rangwrite（ 寫(xiě) ） wrote4. 句式變化規(guī)則： Be動(dòng)詞在一

15、般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：ride（ 騎） rodesee（看見(jiàn) ）sawshow（出示 ） showedwake（弄醒） wokesing（唱） sangspeak（講話 ） spokesteal（偷） stolewear（ 穿） woreswim（ 泳） swamtake（ 拿） tookthrow（ 扔） threwbecome（成為 ） becamecome（來(lái) ） camerun（ 跑 ） ran（1）am 和 is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?was。（ was not=wasnt ）（ 2） are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。（ were not=werent ）（3）帶有 was或 were

16、的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和 is, am, are一樣，即否 定句在 was或were后加 not，一般疑問(wèn)句把 was或 were調(diào)到句首。句中沒(méi)有 be 動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句： didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形，如： Jim went home yesterday.Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加 did ，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。 如：Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句？如： Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim

17、 go home yesterday?What did Jim do yesterday?練習(xí)：一、填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打籃球。What next Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. Nancy is going to go camping. (改否定)Nancy going to go camping.4.

18、I ll go and join them(.改否定)I go join them.5. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow(. 改一般疑問(wèn)句) to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?6. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. (改一般疑問(wèn)句) meet at the bus stop at 10:30.二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。三、1.Tom (visit) a farm last week.四、2. The twins (water) the flowers in the garden yes

19、terday morning.五、3. I _ (watch) a film with my friend last Friday.六、4. My father (be) in London last year.七、5. What (do) you do three days ago?八、6. (be) there any parks here in 1950?九、7. What(do) you do just now? I (wash) my clothes.十、改寫(xiě)句子十一、 1. We are all happy.( 改成一般過(guò)去時(shí) )We all happy.十二、 2. I visi

20、t my grandparents every week. ( 用 last week 代替 every week) 十三、 3 There were some zebras in the zoo last year. ( 改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答 )四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.3. Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He

21、(go) to school by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) insects?5.It s Friday today. What she (do) this weekend?She (watch) TV and (catch) insects.6. What (do) you do last Sunday? I (pick) apples ona farm. What (do) next Sunday? I (milk) cows.7. Mary (visit) her

22、 grandparents tomorrow.8. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I (plan) for my study now.句型1）特殊疑問(wèn)句。含義：以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句。特殊疑問(wèn)詞總結(jié)： what 什么（職業(yè)，姓名等）what day 星期幾 What day is it today?what size 多大尺碼 What size are your shoes?what time =when 什么時(shí)間what colour 什么顏色what size 多大號(hào) when 什么時(shí)候 （就時(shí)間提問(wèn)）where 什么地方（就地點(diǎn)提

23、問(wèn)）who 誰(shuí)（問(wèn)人的身份，姓名等）which 哪一個(gè)why 為什么（就原因提問(wèn)，常用 because回答）how 怎么樣how many 多少（提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量） How many books do you have ? 多少（提問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量） How much water is there in the glass?How much多少錢(qián)（提問(wèn)價(jià)格）How old 幾歲（提問(wèn)年齡） 多長(zhǎng)（提問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度） How long is this ruler?How long 這把尺子有多長(zhǎng)？ 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（時(shí)間持續(xù)多久） How long do you go to school ?你去學(xué)校要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？

24、How often 多久（提問(wèn)頻率既單位時(shí)間發(fā)生多少次）How soon （還要多久時(shí)間才能開(kāi)始或結(jié)束） How soon will he come backHow far （提問(wèn)距離有多遠(yuǎn)） 他多久才能回來(lái)？How heavy （提問(wèn)有多重） 句型結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句 ？Eg :Why do you like watching TV ? 練習(xí)：就劃線部分提問(wèn)。1He often has lunch in the factory he often lunch ？2They will come back in a month will they come back ？3He hurt

25、 his leg last Sunday he hurt his leg ？4I got up at six this morning you up this morning ？ 5They were drawing a horse when I came in theywhen I came in ？6I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold you go to school？7Youd better take the No 3 busbusI better take ？8Hes feeling well he feeling ？9The g

26、irl in a red coat is my sister is your sister ？10 He comes to China once a yearhe to China ？11. He goes to see his grandma （ twice a week ）. （對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） ?12. My father goes to work by car. （ 改為特殊疑問(wèn)句 ） ?13. It take （ 15 minutes ） for a ferry to cross the river. （ 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） ?14. You can dial （ 110 ） to

27、 call the police. （ 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） can you dial to call the police15. Ted put his bag in the desk . （ 改為特殊疑問(wèn)句 ） Ted in the desk?16. The students （ went camping ） last week. （ 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） ?17. Diogenes came from （ Greece ）. （對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） Diogenes ?18. The way to keep fit is （ to eat food and take morn exercise）. （ 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) ） the way to ?2）祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語(yǔ) you 常省略，謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1. 肯定的祈使句（ 1）動(dòng)詞原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 請(qǐng)起立。（2）Be + adj.Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 當(dāng)心！（3）Lets + 動(dòng)詞原形Let s go to school to