高中英語知識點總結(jié)、整理版

1、【2018高考】英語超重點學(xué)習(xí)營課前資料目錄：一、重點單詞 第1 5頁二、重點詞組 第 515頁三、高級詞匯 第1518頁四、詞組固定搭配 第1827頁五、高級句型結(jié)構(gòu) 第2729頁六、過去完成時概念 第3031頁七、閱讀理解解題指導(dǎo) 第 32 頁41 / 42實用精品課件一、重點單詞1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反義詞unable表示不能，而disabled表示殘疾的。be able to do可以表示經(jīng)過艱難困苦才能做到的事。2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面 不加介詞。 Note: 可以說from abroad, 表示從國外回來。3.

2、admit 用法：表示承認(rèn)的時候后面要加上動名詞形式。 Note: 表示允許進入的時候與介詞to搭配。4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doingNote: 后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常與動詞不定式搭配使用。Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等詞。 6.after 用法：表示在時間、空間之后；be after表示追尋。Note: 用在將來時的時候后面接一時間點，而in接一個時間段，如：after 3 oclock; in 3 days.7.ag

3、ree 用法：與介詞on, to, with及動詞不定式搭配。Note: agree on表示達成一致；agree to表示批準(zhǔn)；agree with表示同意某人說的話。8.alive 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。 Note: 可以作狀語使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive.9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to doNote: 可以表示允許進入，如：Please allow me in.10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群體中。Note: 還可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best.11.a

4、nd 用法：用于連接兩個詞、短語、句子或其他相同結(jié)構(gòu)。Note: 與祈使句搭配時往往可以表示條件。如：Work hard, and youll succeed sooner or later.12.another 用法：表示又一個，泛指，相當(dāng)于one more的含義。 Note: 不能直接加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，需要與一個數(shù)詞搭配，如：another 2 weeks.13.answer 用法：及物動詞，但在作名詞時要與介詞、 to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接電話、應(yīng)門等。如：answer the phone/door.14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do No

5、te: be anxious about表示擔(dān)心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。15.appear用法：不及物動詞，沒有賓語，沒有被動語態(tài)。 Note: 還可以作為系動詞，與seem同義，表示看起來。16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一個小地方；arrive in表示到一個大地方。 Note: 引申含義表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask forNote: 后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。18

6、.asleep 用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。 Note: 通常與動詞be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。19.attend 用法：表示參加，后面經(jīng)常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等詞；也可以表示照顧，照料。 Note: attend to可以表示處理、照料等。20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sbs attention Note: 寫通知時的常用語：May I have your attention, p

7、lease? 21.beat 用法：表示打敗某人，或連續(xù)不斷地?fù)舸蚰澄铩ote: heartbeat表示心跳。22.because 用法：后面接原因狀語從句，because of后面接名詞。 Note: because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問句及用在強調(diào)句中。23.become 用法：系動詞，表示變得。可以由好變壞或由壞變好。 Note: become of sb.表示某人發(fā)生了什么事情。24.before 用法：before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before l

8、ast 上上周/前年 Note: It be + 段時間 before在該句型中，主句時態(tài)只有將來時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)。 25.begin 用法：begin to do; begin doingNote: 當(dāng)begin本身是進行時的時候，只能用begin to do的形式。如：It was beginning to rain. 26.believe 用法：believe sb.表示相信某人說的話；believe in sb.表示信任；6123結(jié)構(gòu)。 Note: 回答問句時通常用I believe so/not的形式。27.besides 用法：表示除之外還有，包含在一個整體之中。 Note: 還

9、可以用作副詞，表示此外，要用逗號隔開。28.beyond 用法：表示越過、在另一邊，如：beyond the wood/bridge.Note: 可以用于引申含義，表示超出，如：beyond control/power/description.29.bit 用法：與a little一樣可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，形容詞或副詞。 Note: 修飾名詞時要用a bit of；not a bit表示一點也不。30.blame 用法：take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.Note: 表示應(yīng)受到責(zé)怪時不用被動語態(tài)，如：He is to blame.31.blow 用法：b

10、low down/awayNote: 表示風(fēng)刮得很大時要用blow hard.32.boil 用法：boiling表示沸騰的；boiled表示煮過的。Note: boiling point可以表示沸點。33.borrow 用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。Note: 點動詞，不能表示借的時間長短。34.breath 用法：hold ones breath;out of breath;save ones breath Note: take a breath表示深吸一口氣；take breath表示喘口氣。35.burn 用法：burn down/up/ones handNote: b

11、urning表示點著的；burnt表示燒壞的。36.business 用法：on business表示出差；in/out of business表示開/關(guān)張。Note: 表示商業(yè)時不可數(shù)，表示具體的行業(yè)時可數(shù)。37.busy 用法：be busy with/doing.Note: 不能說My work is busy. 應(yīng)說I am busy with my work.38.buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。39.but 用法：notbut. but for next but one , ha

12、ve no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Not only but also引導(dǎo)的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能40.by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the wayNote: by way of 取道，經(jīng)由。by reason of 由

13、于。by 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態(tài)。41.care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/aboutNote: care about表示在乎，常用于否定句；care for表示關(guān)心，喜愛，常用于肯定句。42.carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執(zhí)行。Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。43.case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that caseNote: in case后面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in cas

14、e sb. should do的形式。44.catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.45.cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Cattle are raised here. Note: 一頭牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意:十頭牛用ten head of cattle。46.chance 用法：by chance; take a chance; there is a cha

15、nce thatNote: 在chance后面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結(jié)構(gòu)作定語。47.change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。Note: 表示變化時是可數(shù)名詞，表示零錢時不可數(shù)。48.class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由其表示的意思決定。Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。49.close 用法：動詞表示關(guān)閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。50.clothes 用法：復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語

16、動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不能加不定冠詞。Note: 要用few或many來修飾。51. buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.Note: 點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。52. but 用法：notbut. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎，差一點Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Not only but also引導(dǎo)的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do s

17、th. 不能不，只能53. by 用法：by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the wayNote: by way of 取道，經(jīng)由。by reason of 由于。by 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態(tài)。54. call 用法： call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call Note: call

18、 at后面跟地點；call on 后面跟人。55. care 用法：take care of; with care; care for/aboutNote: care about表示在乎，常用于否定句；care for表示關(guān)心，喜愛，常用于肯定句。56. carry 用法：carry表示搬運；carry on表示進行；堅持下去；carry out表示執(zhí)行。Note: carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。57. case 用法：in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that caseNote: in case后面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即in

19、case sb. should do的形式。58. catch 用法：catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.Note: be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.59. cattle 用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Cattle are raised here.Note: 一頭?？梢杂胊 head of cattle. 注意十頭牛用ten head of cattle。60. chance 用法：by chance; take

20、 a chance; there is a chance that Note: 在chance后面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結(jié)構(gòu)作定語。61. change 用法：change A for B表示用A換成B；change A into B 表示把A變成B。Note: 表示變化時是可數(shù)名詞，表示零錢時不可數(shù)。62. charge用法：charge sb. with (doing) sth. that , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $Note: in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)； in the charge of 由某人負(fù)責(zé)(表示的是被動的)。63.

21、class 用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由其表示的意思決定。Note: in class表示在上課，in the class表示在班上。64. clear用法：clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that Note: clear up 及物時表示“澄清，整理，收拾”；不及物表示“晴朗起來，開朗起來”。65. close 用法：動詞表示關(guān)閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。Note: close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。66. clothes 用法：復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不能加不定冠詞。 N

22、ote: 要用few或many來修飾。67. collect 用法：collect stamps; collect ones child from schoolNote: a collect phone表示對方付費的電話。68. come 用法：表示到說話者所處的地方來。常見短語有：come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。Note: 可用作系動詞，表示變成，如：His dreams came tr

23、ue.69. common 用法：表示普遍性，如：Smith is a common name.Note: common sense表示常識；in common表示共同點。70. compare 用法：comparewith表示把與 作比較；compareto表示把比作。Note: 用作狀語時，二者都可以表示比較，如：Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.71. consider用法：consider doing sth. / what to do / that.， consider sb. sth. 6123結(jié)構(gòu)Note: 該詞直接

24、跟賓語用動名詞但可以用不定式作賓補；considering引導(dǎo)短語作狀語，表示“考慮到”72. condition 用法：表示生活、工作等的條件或狀況。 Note: on condition that表示只要，條件狀語從句。73. content 用法：be content with/to do Note: 表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。74. cost 用法：sth. cost sb. some money，只能用物作主語。 Note: 修飾cost要用副詞high或low.75. cover 用法：be covered with表示狀態(tài)；be covered by 表示動作。

25、 Note: 反義詞uncover表示揭開蓋子；discover表示發(fā)現(xiàn)。76. cross用法：cross off 劃掉，cross ones mind, cross out, bear ones cross 忍受痛苦 Note: 作形容詞一般用于be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.77. crowd 用法：be crowded withNote: 集合名詞，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由其表示的意思決定。78. cure 用法：cure sb. of Note: cure 強調(diào)治愈，表示結(jié)果；而treat知表示動作。 79. cut 用法：cut down/up/o

26、ffNote: 作名詞時a short cut表示捷徑。 80. damage 用法：do damage to sb. = do sb. harmNote: 表示損害的時候不可數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示賠償費。81. danger 用法：in danger表示處于危險的境地。Note: 表示一般概念時不可數(shù)，表示具體危險時可數(shù)。82. dare用法：作為情態(tài)動詞一般用于否定句，疑問句或者條件狀語從句；作為實意動詞后跟不定式。Note: I dare say that.意為：我猜測，可能，或許。83. dark 用法：before/after dark; in the darkNote: 可以表示深色

27、的，如：dark blue.84. deal 用法：a great/good deal of修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Note: 作動詞時構(gòu)成短語deal with, 常與副詞how搭配。85. defeat用法：及物動詞，后面的賓語是國家，隊，軍隊等名詞。 Note: 不能用人作賓語。 86. demand 用法：demand to do; demand that, demand of sb. to do sth.Note: 后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：demand that sb. (should) do的形式。87. depend用法：depend on sb./ sth. / ones do

28、ing sth. / to do sth. Note: depend 不及物動詞，常和on連用。意為“依靠，信賴”88. desert 用法：名詞表示沙漠；動詞表示拋棄。Note: 可以用過去分詞作表語或定語，表示廢棄的，如：a deserted house.89. determine 用法：determine to do; determine sb. to doNote: 過去分詞表示有決心的，可以說be determined to do sth. 決心做(表示狀態(tài))90. devote 用法：devote oneself to; be devoted toNote: 與devote搭配的t

29、o是介詞，后面接名詞或動名詞。如：His whole life was devoted to teaching.91. die 用法：die of/from/for/out/ awayNote: 點動詞，不與for引起的時間狀語連用。92. difficulty 用法：have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ;Note: 表示一般概念時不可數(shù)，表示具體困難時可數(shù)。93. disagree 用法：disagree with sb.Note: disagree雖然在形式上有否

30、定前綴，但并不是個否定詞。注意它的反義問句形式：He disagreed with you, didnt he?94. distance 用法：in the distance; at a distanceNote: 可用于引申含義，表示時間上或情感上的距離。95. divide 用法：divideinto表示把分成幾份。強調(diào)分成等份。 Note: 可以表示除法，如：Nine divided by three is three.96. do 用法：do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = d

31、o wrong to sb.Note: 主要用作及物動詞；不及物時表示“行”：If you have no pen, pencil will do. 97. doubt用法：doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubtNote: 主句是否定句時賓語用that引導(dǎo)；主句是肯定句時賓語用whether / if引導(dǎo)。98. downtown 用法：副詞，前面不加介詞，如：go downtown.Note: 可用作定語，如：a downtown street.99. draw 用法：draw a pictur

32、e/the curtainNote: 引申含義表示得出，如：draw a conclusion/lesson.100. dream 用法：dream of/about/that-二、重點詞組1. be able to do能夠做 After paying great efforts, he is able to speak English fluently. 2. be about to do正要做As I was about to say, you interrupted me. 3. add to把加 If you add 5 to 5, you get ten. If the tea i

33、s too strong, add some hot water. This adds to our difficulties. 4. be afraid of 害怕 I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 5. go against反對 We dont agree with the proposal, because it goes against the law. 6. agree on達成一致 We agreed on an early start/making a early start.We all agree on the terms. 7.ag

34、ree to do同意做 My father has agreed to buy me a new computer. 8. agree with同意某人（或其想法、觀點、認(rèn)識等）；與相符 I dont agree with you on this point. Your story agrees with what I had already heard. The climate doesnt agree with me. The mussels I had for lunch havent agreed with me. The verb agrees its subject in num

35、ber and person. 9. be angry with對生氣 He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish mistake.He was angry at being kept waiting. 10. be anxious about對擔(dān)心 I was anxious about my sons health. 11. apply for申請 I have applied to the Consul for the visa. 12. take sth. in ones arms把抱在懷里 She took a b

36、unch of roses in her arms. 13. take up arms拿起武器 We should take up our arms to defend our motherland. 14. arrive in/at a place達到某地 My brother will arrive in Beijing next Monday. I arrive at the school every morning at a regular time. 15. ask (sb.) for sth.向（某人）要某物 You shouldnt ask your parents for mo

37、ney any more. 16. pay attention to對注意 When you write an essay, you have several things to pay attention to. 17. be away from遠(yuǎn)離 When you friend is in trouble, dont be away from him/her; instead, you should try your best to help. 18. go/run away逃跑 Its dangerous! Go/run away immediately. 19. beat to de

38、ath將打死 He was nearly beat to death once after he was caught stealing. 20. go to bed上床休息 I was so tired that I went to bed earlier than before. 21. make the bed鋪床 You are old enough to make the beds by yourself. 22. beg ones pardon請某人再說一遍 Sorry I didnt catch it. I beg your pardon. 23. begin with以開始 T

39、he party began with a cheerful song. 24. believe in信仰 In western countries, many people believe in God. 25. belong to屬于 That Taiwan belongs to China should be unquestionable. 26. do ones best盡最大的努力If you have done your best, then theres nothing to regret. 27. had better最好 You had better stop smoking

40、. 28. blow away吹走 The wind blew the heat away. 29. take a boat乘船 I took a boat to go to the island in the center of the lake. 30. be born出生 He was born in a wealthy family. 31. break away from從脫離，斷絕關(guān)系 We wont say Yes to anyones breaking away from our country. Cant you break away from old habits? 32.

41、 break down（指計劃、打算）破滅；（機器）壞了；（身體狀況）變差 Our plans have broken down. Negotiations between the two countries have broken down. The engine broke down. His health broke down after the death of his wife. Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach. 33. break into破門而入 His house was broken into last week

42、. 34. break off 從中間打斷 He broke off in the middle of a sentence. Lets break off for an hour and have some tea. The mast broke off. 35. break out（指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)難、爭吵等）突然爆發(fā) A fire broke out during the night. The quarrel broke out afresh. 36. break the rules違反規(guī)則 Everyone in the group mustnt break the rules. 37. b

43、reak up擊碎、驅(qū)散 終止 結(jié)束 分裂 分開 分手放學(xué)The ship was breaking up on the rocks. The gathering broke up in disorder. The police broke up the crowd. 38. hold ones breath屏住呼吸 He held his breath and sneaked into his room. 39. bring down擊落、打倒 A moment ago, we brought down a hostile aircraft. We should bring down the

44、 tyrant. 40. bring in賺得、贏得（利潤） His farms bring (him) in $20000 a year. The program brings in a new fashion. 41. bring on導(dǎo)致結(jié)果 He was out all day in the rain and this brought on a bad cold. The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely. The coach is bringing on some youngsters in the reserve team.

45、42. bring up撫養(yǎng) She has brought up five children.If children are badly brought up they behave badly. 43. build up建立；恢復(fù)（身體狀況等）He has built up a good business. He went on holiday and soon built up his health. 44. burnto the ground把夷為平地 The Japanese invaders burnt the houses to the ground. 45. burn down

46、燒光 The house was burnt down. 46. burst into laughter.突然爆發(fā)大笑 On seeing the amusing scene, she burst into laughter. 47. burst into tears突然大哭 She suddenly burst into tears. 48. be busy doing/with sth.忙于做某事We are busy preparing for/with the exam. 49. call at (a place)拜訪某地 I called at the tailors a coupl

47、e of days ago. 50. call back回電話 I will call back later. 51. call for到某地取東西；接人；要求；呼吁 A man calls every Monday for old newspapers. Ill call for you at 6 oclock. The occasion calls for prompt action. People all over the world call for peace. 52. call in請（醫(yī)生）Please call in a doctor at once. 53. call on拜

48、訪某人 My uncle called on me yesterday on his way home. 54. take care of照顧；負(fù)責(zé) The nurse took good care of the patients. Here, let me take care of the cleaning. These are the devices that take care of the waste from the factory. 55. care for 擔(dān)心、關(guān)心、想 My parents care for my safety when I travel by myself.

49、 The elders should care for the younger generation. Would you care for a game of table tennis? 56. carry off奪走（生命）；取得（獎勵等） The terrible war carried off her fathers life. Tom carried off all the school prizes. 57. carry on進行 The discussion carried on after a short break. 58. carry out實施 The plan has

50、to be carried out as soon as possible. 59. catch fire起火 This material is easy to catch fire. Be careful. 60. catch up with趕上 I have to study even harder than before in order to catch up with my peers. 61. changefor把換成 The shirt is too big. Can I change for another one. 62. changeinto把變成 He changed i

51、nto his working clothes when he began to work. 63. change ones mind改變主意I persuaded him to change his mind. 64. check out核對，檢查 Would you help me to check out the names and numbers. He checked out and left the hotel. 65. clear away收拾，整理 Please help me to clear away the tea things. 66. clear up（指天）晴朗；清

52、理 The weather/sky is clearing up. Clear up the desk before you leave the office. 67. catch/take cold; have a cold感冒 He was absent because he caught cold last night. 68. come about產(chǎn)生結(jié)果 How does it come about half of the class are absent? 69. come across碰巧遇到；突然想起 I came across this old brooch in a cur

53、io shop. The thought came across my mind that we 70. come back回想起來 Their names are all coming back to me now. 71. come down（指雨）下得很大；（指氣溫）下降 The rain came down in bucketfuls. The temperature came down suddenly. 72. come from來自 Much of the butter in England comes from New Zealand. 73. come off脫落 The b

54、utton has come off my coat. 74. come on加油Come on! Lets race to the bottom of the hill. 75. come out出現(xiàn)；（指花）開放； The stars come out. The flowers are coming out. When will his new book come out? 76. come to（指數(shù)字）達到 The total number of people who attended the conference came to 1000. 77. come true（指夢想）實現(xiàn)

55、I hope that my dream will come true one day in the future. 78. come up He came up the hard way. The question hasnt come up yet. 79. compare with與比較 Compared with education in western countries, China has her own special features. 80. compare to把比作 Teachers are sometimes compared to candles. 81. connect to 與聯(lián)系 Its a railway that connects Beijing to Shenzhen. 82. connect with與聯(lián)接 Where does cooke