2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題(湖南卷,含解析)

1、2015 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題（湖南卷，含解析）本試卷分為四個(gè)部分，共 12 頁(yè)。時(shí)量 120 分鐘。滿分 150 分part listening comprehension (30 marks)section a （22.5 marks）directions: in this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. foreach conversation,there are several questionsand each questionis followedby three cho

2、icesmarked a, b and c. listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question. you will hear each conversation twice.conversation 11. when does the woman usually get home from work?a. about 6:30. b. about 7:30. c. about 8:30.2. what did the woman do last night?a. she watched tv.b. she re

3、corded a program.c. she prepared for a lecture.conversation 23. how often does the man exercise at the gym?a. every day. b. every two days. c. once a week.4. where will the two speakers meet before doing exercise this friday?a. at the park. b. at the cafe. c. at the cinema.conversation 35. what is m

4、r. chester doing?a. telephoning someone.b. speaking to the woman.c. leaving the man a message.6. what is the mans last name?a. oliver. b. horst. c. robert.conversation 47. why will the woman be late?a. she didnt catch the train.b. she didnt finish her paper.c. she didnt wake up in time.8. where is t

5、he man?a. at the station. b. at home. c. at the office. 9. what is the probable relationship between the two speakers?a. teacher and student. b. parent and child. c. husband and wife.conversation 510. for whom does the woman buy the t-shirt?a. herself. b. her husband. c. her friend.11 .how much does

6、 the t-shirt normally cost?a. $54. b. $60. c. $70.12. why does the salesman agree to sell the t-shirt at $48?a. it is cheaper online. b. he is in a hurry. c. a button is lost.conversation 613. when did the woman arrive?a. friday. b. saturday. c. sunday.14. what major did the man choose in the end?a.

7、 english. b. biology. c . history.15. what suggestion does the man give on reading the books?a. making notes.b. skimming first. c. reading word by word.section b（7.5 marks）directions: in this section, you will hear a short passage. listen carefully andhentfill in the numbered blanks with the informa

8、tion you have heard. fill in each blank with no more than three words.you will hear the short passage twiceschool web design 16i. meet on 17 from 2:30 to 3:15ii. create a website for a competition website on your ancestor 18 18 long & well constructed competition has a first prize of $300 for beginn

9、ers & $ 18 for the advanced do it by yourself, list the software you usedpart language knowledge (45 marks)section a (15 marks)directions:for each of the followingunfinishedsentencesthere are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that best completes the sentence.21.it was when we were re

10、turning home _ i realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.a. which【答案】bb. that c. where d. how考點(diǎn)：考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。22.as you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through world war ii had a different experience.a. will findb. found c. had found d.

11、 have found【答案】a【解析】試題分析：一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。在一般將來時(shí)的句子中，有時(shí)有表示將來時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)要從意思上判斷是否指未來的動(dòng)作或情況。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時(shí)候，你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬的經(jīng)歷過二戰(zhàn)的每個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，判斷主語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)為一 般將來時(shí)，故選 a考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)。23.only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.a. i did dis

12、cover 【答案】bb. did i discover c. i discovered d. discovered考點(diǎn)：考查 only 置于句首的部分倒裝。24.video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands.a. to leaveb. leaving c. leave d. left【答案】d【解析】試題分析：用作狀語(yǔ)的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句可置于句首、句末或句中，一般來說，狀語(yǔ)從句都比較完整。但是，在一些狀語(yǔ)從句中存在的省略問題，可以歸納為以下兩點(diǎn)： 1. when, while, if, asif, althou

13、gh / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where 等引導(dǎo)的從句中，如果其謂語(yǔ)為 be，而主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，則從句的主語(yǔ)和 be 可省略。有時(shí)從句的主語(yǔ)為 it 時(shí)，也可省略it 或從句中的有關(guān)成分。2. than, as, no matter what /who等后面成分的省略。句意：如果電子游 戲落入一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的人手中就能夠產(chǎn)生一個(gè)不良影響。考點(diǎn)：考查狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略問題。25. i wasnt able to hide my eagerness when i _, what do you wish me to do now?a.

14、askb. have asked c. am asking d. asked【答案】d【解析】試題分析：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。此題主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，表示 這個(gè)事情和動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，故從句時(shí)態(tài)也要用一般過去時(shí)。句意：我不能 隱藏我的渴望，當(dāng)我問道，“你現(xiàn)在希望我做些什么？”故選 d考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)。26.you have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.a. what【答案】cb. that c. where d. who考點(diǎn)：

15、考查賓語(yǔ)從句。27. it is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve.a. is; takesb. are; takes c. are; take d. is; take【答案】a【解析】試題分析：主謂一致指“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面的一致關(guān)系。根據(jù)分析，第一空的謂語(yǔ)要填一個(gè)單數(shù)，因?yàn)榇速e語(yǔ)從句：that success a sum ofday.的主語(yǔ)是 success，一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)要用 is；后面的句子：often yea

16、rs to achieve.的主語(yǔ)也是 success，故第二空的謂語(yǔ)也是一個(gè)單數(shù)形式。句意：成功是將每天一小點(diǎn)努力積累起來，是需要多年的努力去達(dá)到，記住這些很重要。 考點(diǎn)：考查主謂一致原則28.he must have sensed that i _ him. he suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, why are you staring at me like that?a. would look atb. looked at c. was looking at d. am looking at【答案】c【解析】試題分析：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去

17、某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作，如果沒有具體的時(shí)間，可以從意義上去把握。句意：他一定是注意到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？”根據(jù)分析，此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)，又根據(jù)此句中的 must have sensed 和 glanced at 可知是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選 c考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)。2 9.it is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.a. as【答案】d

18、b. where c. that d. which考點(diǎn)：考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。30._ what youre doing today important, because youre trading a day of your life for ita. makeb. to make c. making d. made【答案】a【解析】試題分析：伴隨狀語(yǔ)是指狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作伴隨主句發(fā)生，它的特點(diǎn)是：它所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作而發(fā)生或存在的。句意：當(dāng)?shù)陠T看到一張漂亮的臉上擠出一副抱歉的笑容時(shí)，她像扎根似的定在了那里，想著是去是留。此句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 stood，所以 wonder

19、 在此用 ing 形式作 一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故選 a考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞 ing 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。31.1 am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.a. asb. why c. when d. where【答案】c【解析】試題分析：祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議等等。謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞一律用原形。句子中通常 不用主語(yǔ)，句末用 驚嘆號(hào)或者句號(hào)，用降調(diào)。根據(jù)分析，that your task is to get this company running smoothly.是作 mi

20、nd 的同位語(yǔ)。keep in mind 記住，句意：請(qǐng)時(shí)刻牢記?。耗愕娜蝿?wù)就是讓這個(gè)公司正常運(yùn)作。 這是一個(gè)表請(qǐng)求的祈使句，故選 c考點(diǎn)：考查祈使句。32.all we need _ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.a. are【答案】db. was c. is d. were考點(diǎn)：考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。33.its not doing the things we like, but liking the t

21、hings we have to do _ makes life happy.a. thatb. which c. what d. who【答案】c【解析】試題分析：a. if only 要是多好（if only 常常用來表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的愿望或遺憾，因此，主要用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，用以表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的愿望或非真實(shí)條件。常被譯為“但愿”、“要是該多好啊”等） b. after在之后（用作連詞是詞，它引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句如果具有將來意義，往往要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示(有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))，而不能直接用一般將來時(shí)）c. although 雖然（表示“雖然”時(shí)，不要根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，在后面使用連詞 but, 不過有時(shí)它可與 ye

22、t, still, nevertheless 等副詞連用） d. in case萬一，假使（引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句）；句意：雖然那個(gè)工作要花大量的時(shí)間，但是許多學(xué)生都覺得經(jīng)歷是 值得的。故選 c考點(diǎn)：考查連詞。34.whenever you _ a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.a. boughtb. have bought c. will buy d. buy【答案】a【解析】試題分析：talk over 討論，根據(jù)分析，可知 act as a listening ear for fellow

23、 student to do sth中的 to do sth 是作 student 的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：有時(shí)我充當(dāng)一個(gè)傾聽者來傾聽我的同學(xué)們討論他 們的煩心事。故選 a考點(diǎn)：考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。35._ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.a. having freed【答案】bb. freed c. to free d. freeing考點(diǎn)：考查 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)。section b (18 marks)directions: fo

24、reach blank in the following passage there are wordsfourorphrases markeda, b, c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.it was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties,refused to settle for the start of the lesson. as an in

25、experienced teacher, i tried everymeans to get them to be 36 , but in vain. my panic was rising and i could feel my heartbeating wildly. this was the 37 of my job as a music teacher, i thought - teaching wasnot for me. then i had an idea. hoping that no one would notice that i was 38 inside,i threw

26、my voice as far as it would reach: put your heads on the desks and close your 39 ! we are going on a journey.40 , the children fell silent. now what should i do? i thought to myself. reachingover to my collection of cds, i blindly 41 , put it in the machine and played it.obediently (順從地), my class l

27、ay their heads on their desk, closed their eyes and 42 .when the music started, the room as filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colorsi could have ever imagined. all the children were 43 . when the music finished, i asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so that we could share our musi

28、cal journey.at this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences, i beganto learn how to 45 . the music allow me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the46 and most of all, an understanding of each other. this was the power th

29、at 47 in the classroom could have.36 a. glad b. safe37.a. end b. aimc. kindc. ruled. quietd. plan38. a. guessing b. shaking c. responding d. laughing39. a. eyes b. mouths c. books d. doors40. a. punctually b. importantly c. amazingly d. obviously41. a. passed one on b. gave one back c. turned one in

30、 d. took one out42. a. slept b. nodded c. waited d. continued43. a. talking b. singing c. dancing d. listening 44.a. legs b. heads c. arm d. shoulders45. a. teach b. imagine c. play d. understand46. a. unprepared b. unspoken c. unknown d. unforgotten47.a. games b. music【答案】36 d37 ac. tears d. knowle

31、dge38 b39 a40 c41 d42 c43 d44 b45 a46 c47 b42c;考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文的：when the music started, the room was filled with the most beautifultones and musical colors.可知當(dāng)作者將音樂放進(jìn)機(jī)器里，學(xué)生們趴在自己的桌子上靜靜地等著音樂 響起來，故選 c43 d;考查動(dòng)詞。老師在放音樂，當(dāng)然學(xué)生們都在聽，listening 放在此較其他選項(xiàng)都比較合適。故選 d44 b;考查名詞。raise sbs head(s)抬起頭來。句意：當(dāng)音樂放完的時(shí)候，我要求他們所有人慢慢

32、地抬起頭來，那樣的話，我們就可以一起分享我們的音樂之旅。故選 b45a;考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前文：at this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences,可知學(xué)生們從開始的不愿響應(yīng)作者到最后跟著作者一起參與其中，這讓作者開始知道怎么教書了，故選 a46 c; 考查形容詞。 a. unprepared 為準(zhǔn)備好的 b. unspoken 無言的 c. unknown 未知的 d.unforegotten 難忘的；根據(jù)前文有 the knowing 已知的，又有 and 連接，可知橫向上填 unknown

33、未知的，構(gòu)成像前文 tears and smiles 那樣的對(duì)比，形成對(duì)仗，故選 c47b;考查名詞。根據(jù)前文：the music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the unknown and, most of all, an understandingof each other.可知這些都是音樂的好處，它讓我們知道了分享和尊重，淚水和歡笑，已知與未知，最主要的是它讓我們相互了解。所以最后一句作者旨在總結(jié)：這就是課堂音樂所擁有的力

34、量考點(diǎn)：記事類短文閱讀。section c (12 marks)directions: complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.research has become both simpler and more complex. its simpler because, 48 you havecomputer, you can find information you need by searching the internet. for a

35、ll you information,you dont have to go to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. instead, you can find some sources from the internet50 print the copies needed. remember, however, that you should usually consult differenttypes of sources. that is, you 51 always rely just on t

36、he internet for you research.while finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become52 complex. there is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 53the amount of information. you need to learn 54 to sort through and find the relevant informati

37、on for your particular project. also,5547 need to check the accuracy of it.【答案】48 if49 the50 and51 shouldnt52 more53 with54 how55 you考點(diǎn)：科普類短文閱讀。part reading comprehension (30 marks)directions: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished .statements f

38、or each of them there are four chokes marked a. b. cand d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.aforget cyclists, pedestrians are real dangerwe are having a debate about this topic. here are some letters from our readers.yes, many cyclists behave dangerousl

39、y. many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. but pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.people of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands gluedto the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. they may evendo the same thing while crossing a road at a pe

40、destrian crossing or elsewhere. therest of us have to evade (避讓) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.the real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment,in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others.micha

41、el horani love the letter from bob brooks about cyclists viewpoints,( may 29 afraid they seem to think they own the roads.). i ami was walking across altrincham road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.the government built a cycle lane on th

42、e road but it is hardly used.the police do nothing. what a laugh they are!the cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets,fluorescent (發(fā)熒光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.carol harveycy

43、clists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), rideat speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.i was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when therewas a cycle lane right next to

44、him.other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?its about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit apedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim.jmlwrite to vie

45、wpoints of the newspaper.56.michael horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _.a. drivers should be polite to cyclistsb. road accidents can actually be avoidedc. sine pedestrians are a threat to road safetyd. walking while using phones hurts ones eyes57.carol harvey suggests that cyclists should _

46、.a. be provided with enough roadsb. be asked to ride on their own lanesc. be made to pay less tax for cyclingd. be fined for laughing at policemen58.what is a complaint of jml?a. very few drivers are insured.b. cyclists ride fast on pavements.c. pedestrians go through red traffic lights.d. horse rid

47、ers disrespect other road users.59.the underlined word they in the third letter refers to _. a. accidents b. vehiclesc. pedestrians d. cyclists 60.the three letters present viewpoints on _.a. real source of road dangerb. ways to improve road facilitiesc. measures to punish road offencesd. increased

48、awareness of road rules【答案】56 c57 b58 b59 d60 a考點(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文閱讀。bin its early history, chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making thestreets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. an old joke that was popular atthe time went something like this: a man is stuck up to his

49、waist in a muddy chicago street. asked if he needs help, he replies, no, thanks. ive got a good horse under me.the city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simplywasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. the only two optio

50、ns were to lower the chicago river or raise the city.an engineer named ellis chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but tobuild the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. this raised the level of the citysstreets by as much as 12 feet.this of course created a new problem:

51、dirt practically buried the first floors of everybuilding in chicago. building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floorsof their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entirebuildings to meet the new street level. small wood-frame buildi

52、ngs could be lifted fairlyeasily. but what about large, heavy structures like tremont hotel, which was a six-story brick building?thats where george pullman came in. he had developed some house-moving skillssuccessfully. to lift a big structure like the tremont hotel, pullman would place thousandsof

53、 jackscrews (螺旋千斤頂) beneath the buildings foundation. one man was assigned to operateeach section of roughly 10 jackscrews. at pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew thesame amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. astonishingly,the tremont hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didnt evennotice anything was happening. some people like to say that every problem has a solution.but in chicagos early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.now that chicagos waste water was draining efficiently in