接觸網(wǎng)受電弓系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)新的非接觸式故障診斷方法外文翻譯、中英對照、英漢互譯

1、a new contact less fault diagnosis approach for pantograph-catenary systemrailway transport is one of the most important mass transportation media in the worldwide.with the development of trains speed, safety and comfort levels of railways is getting more importance day by day. besides high level of

2、 security requirement, detection of anomaly for rail and road shall be early identified for decreasing operation and maintenance expenditures. the pantograph-catenary system has an important role for collecting the current in electrical railways. the problem occurred in this system will affect the c

3、urrent collection performance of electrified trains. in this paper, a new image processing based technique is proposed to detect the arcing faults occurred between catenary and pantograph contact. the proposed method takes one frame from the digital camera and then the edge detection algorithm extra

4、cts the edges of pantograph. the arcing between contact wire and pantograph is detected by examining the position of contact wire of pantographs edge. introductionwith the development of the high-speed electrified trains, the demands for safety of railway transport come into more important. a pantog

5、raph is the most utilized component for transmission electric power from overhead wire to locomotive. to ensure the power without any problem, pantographs should maintain good contact under different train speeds. in recent times, the speeds of electrified trains have reached rather high levels. und

6、er these speeds, maintain good contact is challenging problem. via railroad maintenance planning based on early rail and road anomaly detection technologies, derailment accidents are prevented. pantograph and overhead line are two fundamental components for the collection of current signals in elect

7、rified trains. the wear between pantograph and overhead wire will result with catastrophic faults. the pantograph arcing faults occurs because of below reasons.in railway systems, the pantograph is manually inspected to detect damages. in this inspection, locomotive should be taken to a service. thi

8、s method is undesirable because of loss of service time and cost . pantograph arcing is one of the most seen fault in electrified railway systems. this arcing generally occurs at higher speed, increasing load, and in cold weather condition. in most case, there is a sliding contact between pantograph

9、 and catenary system. a pantograph laterally draws a zigzag on overhead line. however, overhead line applies more contact to some location of pantograph because of a faulty condition. in normal condition, there is a moisture layer between the contact surface and pantograph. in winter season, this mo

10、isture layer is frozen and it is more difficult the sliding between two components. mechanical sensor based contact type rail and road measurement and inspection techniques has been used in the railway industry. the contact force between pantograph and catenary system was monitored by using a fiber

11、strain sensors . static and dynamic strains were detected by developed system. with the latest technological developments, contact less measurement techniques are now being used in railway measurement systems. pantograph and overhead wire system was analyzed by using infrared camera. this analysis w

12、as used to detect overheating pantograph strip, bursts of arcing, and irregular positioning of contact line. for an efficient wear measurement of contact wire, a new multi-camera based optical inspection system was proposed. different cameras were mounted at different positions of the roof of the ve

13、hicle and overhead contact was visually inspected from different angles. abrasion on pantograph slide was detected by using edge detection algorithm. discrete wavelet and hough transform based method was applied to image of pantograph slide and abrasion related features were extracted. the five kind

14、s of edge detection algorithms were evaluated for the examination of the pantograph slipper images. the results show that canny edge detection algorithm gives better results than other algorithms. the contact performance between pantograph and overhead line affects the current collecting performance

15、. an image processing based method was proposed to monitor the contact performance. in recent years, there is more relevance about using contact less condition monitoring of railway systems. however, the developed system is suitable for laboratory applications. in this paper, a new method is propose

16、d to monitor the contact between pantograph and catenary system. the proposed method takes one frame from a video in each step and then the canny edge detection algorithm extracts edges from image frame. the position of overhead wire is determined in the edge image. this position is used to detect t

17、he contact force between pantograph and overhead wire. the obtained signal from position of contact wire is analyzed by two statistical parameters and anomaly in the position is detected. sliding contact between pantograph and overhead wire the contact between pantograph and overhead wire, which is

18、found on the roof of an electrified train, allows the collecting current from overhead feeding conductor. contact wire takes the electric from feeder station that connected at regular space.the contact wire is connected to the messenger wire using dropper wires. the continuity of contact wire is imp

19、ortant to ensure better electrical performance. one way to maintain contact is to increase the up-lifting force. however, it increases the resonance of overhead wire and this causes the loss of the contact and wear of contact wire. when the contact has been lost or a gap has been occurred, the power

20、 of train will be interrupted. the loss of the contact also causes the arcing between contact wire and pantograph. for high speed train, current collection is based on good contact performance. on a straight way, the contact wire moves slightly to the left and right corner of pantograph.the contact

21、wire applies an impression to different points of the pantograph. such a system extends the life time of a pantograph. the sliding contact between pantograph and overhead wire consists of three layers. these layers are copper wire, layer of oxide and carbon, and thin film of water. the conduction me

22、chanism is realized by using thin film of water. the gap between two electrodes should be maintained. however, the thin film of water can get frozen in winter and the sliding contact may extend.the sliding contact is affected from weather condition. the harsh winter condition affects lifting force o

23、f pantograph and this leads to appearance of arcing. thereafter, the contact wire and pantograph can cause damage.contactless fault diagnosis approach for pantograph -catenary systemto measure automatically the contact strip, the images taken from a camera are used. the main task is to monitor the s

24、equential video frames and detect the anomaly conditions. the obtained images will be analyzed by using canny edge detection algorithm. edges of pantograph system are extracted for all frames. contact wire position of each frame is determined from the extracted edge images. the y-axis of this wire c

25、ontinuously changes. this change is saved for each frame. all positions of the contact wire in the video are saved as a signal and then the anomaly of this signal is detected by using statistical parameters. therefore, the monitoring process will be automated.the first step is to extract the edge of

26、 each frame from video. afterwards, the y-position of the contact wire is detected and added to the ys array. when all of frame is read, the algorithm will produce the position array of y-axis. the features extracted from contact wire signal (ys) are skewness and kurtosis. they can be computed as re

27、present the mean and standard deviation of each window. the edges in an images are the pixels that their brightnesss change suddenly. edges characterize the boundaries and therefore they have an important topic in image processing . an edge detection algorithm generally consists of three steps: filt

28、ering, derivation, and edge detection. in the filtering stage, the image is filtered in order to remove the noise. in the derivation stage, edge areas in the image are brightening up via density change in the edge area. in the last stage, edges of the image are determined.canny algorithm is known as

29、 an optimal edge detection algorithm . canny algorithm uses gaussian filter to smooth the image and eliminate the noise in the first step. in the next step, these regions are tracked and the algorithm suppresses any pixel that is not at the maximum. in the hysteresis step, the remaining pixels that

30、have not been suppressed are tracked. in this step, two thresholds are used. if the magnitude is smaller than first threshold, it is taken as non-edge. if the second threshold is smaller than magnitude, this magnitude is taken as an edge. x and y shows the coordinates of the images and is the standa

31、rd deviation. gn and n show the first derivative of g and direction, respectively. the image is depicted as g. the first step of the algorithm is to apply the canny algorithm to each frame of pantographs video. after the edge image is obtained, the position of contact wire will be detected. for each

32、 frame, the obtained positions are added to an array. this array will be used to detect the disorder between contact wire and pantograph.the algorithm takes the edge image of the current frame and finds the y-axis position of contact wire. the algorithm starts the searching of contact wire from the

33、first pixel of the current frame. if the algorithm detects a candidate pixel, contact wire method inspect whether the detected pixel is contact wire or not. when the position of contact wire is found, the algorithm will be terminated. for each frame in video, the positions of contact wire is detecte

34、d and saved to an array. experimental results the proposed algorithm is applied to a real pantographs video. all images of the pantograph are taken from the roof of the locomotive. the video of pantograph system is saved for a determined time. while the camera takes a frame, the algorithm will scan

35、the current frame in order to find the position of contact wire. for our experiment, the size of the video is selected as 240x320 for healthy condition. the pantograph video, which has not any arcing and is taken as a healthy condition, is saved for duration of 23 seconds. the original frames of the

36、ir edges are given in fig. for a healthy condition. the pixel view of the edge images are given for three frames of the pantograph video. the contact wire zigzags over the pantograph system with an order for a healthy condition. the obtained signal is normalized with z-score normalization. this tech

37、nique centers the original signal at zero mean and scales it to unit standard deviation. as shown in fig, the contact wire zigzags a balanced motion over the pantograph. the cameras point of view, the image resolution or the contact wire position in frame are not affect the performance of the algori

38、thm. this feature is provided by used the normalization technique. the video size of faulty condition is selected as 270x480. the original frames and their edges are given in fig for a faulty condition. in faulty condition, contact wire draws more zigzags in some parts of pantograph than others. the

39、 more contact occurred on some part of pantograph causes the arcing between contact wire and pantograph. the y-axis position of contact wire is given in fig for a faulty condition. as shown in fig, the motion of contact wire has a disorder. the contact wire draws more zigzags on the bottom of image

40、than other pixels. this disorder is analyzed by using two statistical parameters. these parameters are given in table for each motor condition. conclusions this paper presents a new approach for monitoring catenary-pantograph system. a simple image acquisition system is used and an image processing

41、based technique is proposed to detect arcing faults. the canny edge detection is selected for image edge detection to deal with image edge of pantograph slipper. the experimental results of the proposed method showed that the position detection of the contact wire was efficient method to detect arci

42、ng faults and disorder in contact between pantograph and contact wire. in literature, image processing based condition monitoring of pantograph systems was only performed in laboratory environment. however, the proposed method can be applied in real-time. the realization of the proposed method is no

43、t only low cost but also it can be setup to a real system.the monitoring of contact wire and active pantograph control system brings following contributions: development of a railway measurement and inspection train for both conventional and high speed railway lines, real time fault diagnosis that h

44、as high accuracy and has immunity to environment condition, low cost measurement system, increasing safety and comfort levels of railways. 接觸網(wǎng)受電弓系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)新的非接觸式故障診斷方法在全世界，鐵路運(yùn)輸是最重要的公共交通運(yùn)輸工具之一。隨著火車速度的提高，鐵路的安全與舒適水平也變得越來越重要。除了安全水平要求高之外,應(yīng)盡早檢測鐵路和公路的異常以便減少運(yùn)營維護(hù)支出。接觸網(wǎng)受電弓系統(tǒng)在收集電氣化鐵路的電流方面具有重要的作用。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問題，將影響電氣列車收集電

45、流的性能。本文提出了一種新的圖像處理方法,來檢測接觸網(wǎng)與受電弓間發(fā)生的電弧故障。該方法是通過提取數(shù)碼相機(jī)的一幀數(shù)據(jù)，然后用邊緣檢測算法提取受電弓的邊緣。通過檢查接觸線與受電弓的位置，來確定發(fā)生電弧故障的位置。簡介隨著高速電氣化列車的發(fā)展,對鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)陌踩笠沧兊酶匾?。受電弓是架空線對電力機(jī)車傳輸電力最常用的組件。為了確保電力沒有任何問題,受電弓應(yīng)在不同的列車速度下保持良好的接觸。當(dāng)前電氣化列車的速度已經(jīng)達(dá)到了相當(dāng)高的水平。在這樣的速度下,保持良好的接觸是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題。基于鐵路維護(hù)規(guī)劃的道路異常檢測技術(shù)對早期的鐵路進(jìn)行檢測,脫軌事故是可以避免的。受電弓和架空線是電氣化列車采集電流信號的

46、兩個(gè)基本組成部分。受電弓和架空線之間的磨損將導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性故障的發(fā)生。以下是受電弓電弧故障發(fā)生的原因。在鐵路系統(tǒng)中,通過人工檢查受電弓的損害。在該檢查中,機(jī)車也應(yīng)被檢查。因?yàn)槔速M(fèi)時(shí)間和成本,這個(gè)方法是不可取的。受電弓電弧故障是電氣化鐵路系統(tǒng)最常見的一種故障。電弧故障通常發(fā)生在高速、超負(fù)荷、冷天的情況下。在大多數(shù)情況下,受電弓和接觸網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)之間滑動(dòng)接觸。受電弓外側(cè)吸引一個(gè)之字形的架空線。然而,發(fā)生故障時(shí)受電弓與架空線多點(diǎn)接觸。在正常情況下,接觸面與受電弓之間有一層水膜。在冬季,水膜被凍結(jié)使得兩組件之間的滑動(dòng)更加困難?；诮佑|式機(jī)械傳感器測量和檢驗(yàn)鐵路和道路的技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于鐵路行業(yè)。通過使用光纖的應(yīng)變傳感

47、器監(jiān)測受電弓和接觸網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)之間的應(yīng)力。通過開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)來檢測靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力。隨著新技術(shù)的發(fā)展,鐵路測量系統(tǒng)將采用非接觸式測量技術(shù)。利用紅外線攝像頭分析受電弓和架空線系統(tǒng)。這種方法是用來檢測過熱的受電弓、連續(xù)電弧和不正常接觸線的位置。為了有效的測量接觸線的磨損,提出了一個(gè)新的基于多攝像頭的光學(xué)檢測系統(tǒng)。不同的攝像頭被安裝在機(jī)車和架空線頂部的不同位置，從不同角度進(jìn)行外觀檢驗(yàn)。采用邊緣檢測算法檢測受電弓滑板的磨耗。應(yīng)用離散波變換和霍夫變換的方法提取相關(guān)受電弓滑板的磨損特征的影像。用五種邊緣檢測算法評估受電弓脫線圖像。結(jié)果表明,邊緣檢測算法比其他算法得出的結(jié)果更好。受電弓和架空線之間的接觸性能影響集電的性

48、能?；谝环N圖像處理方法,提出了監(jiān)測接觸性能。近年來,鐵路系統(tǒng)使用了更多的與非接觸式有關(guān)的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測。然而,開發(fā)系統(tǒng)只適合于實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)用。本文提出了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視受電弓和接觸網(wǎng)系之間的接觸。該方法從視頻中提取每一步的一幀，然后用邊緣檢測算法從圖像幀中提取目標(biāo)邊緣。從邊緣圖像中確定架空線的位置。用這個(gè)位置來檢測受電弓和架空線之間的應(yīng)力。用兩個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)和檢測到的異常位置來分析從接觸線上所獲得的信號。受電弓和架空電線之間的滑動(dòng)接觸電氣化列車頂部上受電弓和接觸線的之間接觸,可以采集架空供電導(dǎo)體中的電流。接觸線連接在固定的空間變電站。用承力索連接導(dǎo)線。接觸線的連續(xù)性對電氣性能有很重要的影響。保持接觸的方

49、法之一是增大向上的力。然而,它增加了架空線的共振影響，這會(huì)造成接觸線磨損。當(dāng)接觸面發(fā)生分離,列車的供電會(huì)被中斷。接觸分離時(shí)，還會(huì)使接觸線和受電弓之間產(chǎn)生電弧。高速列車的集電是基于良好的接觸性能。在直線行駛時(shí),接觸線稍微移向受電弓向左或向右的角落。接觸線應(yīng)用于受電弓不同的點(diǎn)的一種印象。這種系統(tǒng)里受電弓的壽命得到延長。受電弓和架空線之間的滑動(dòng)接觸由三層組成。這些層是銅線層、有機(jī)層和水膜。傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制是通過水膜實(shí)現(xiàn)的。兩個(gè)電極之間的間隙應(yīng)該保持不變。然而,水膜在冬天會(huì)被凍結(jié)滑動(dòng)接觸可能會(huì)延伸。滑動(dòng)接觸受天氣條件的影響。嚴(yán)酷的冬季條件影響受電弓的受力,這會(huì)產(chǎn)生電弧。然后,對接觸線和受電弓產(chǎn)生損害。接觸網(wǎng)受電弓系統(tǒng)接觸故障的診斷方法使用相機(jī)拍攝自動(dòng)測量的接觸帶