初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)集錦

1、初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)集錦1 、如有 always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once.,every.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第一、二人稱復(fù)數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù) 后跟動(dòng)詞加s/es。2、 如有 now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是 be (am, is, are) +v-i ng3、如有 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時(shí)間,some day, next. 用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)： will + v 原 /be goi

2、ng to +v 原(沒(méi) 有動(dòng)詞用be )4、 女口有 yesterday,ago , last.just now.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞力卩 ed 5、比較幾個(gè)“花費(fèi)spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事sb. spe nd some time (in) doing sth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事sb. spe nd some money on sth.某人花費(fèi)錢買某物sb. spe nd some money (in) buying sth.某人花費(fèi)錢買某物Cost : sth . cost sb. some money某物花去某人錢pay :sb.

3、 pay some money for sth. 某人支付錢Take : It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth.做某事花去某人時(shí)間.else常修飾不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, much,little 等，else要位于其后。所有格為 elses. else修飾不定代詞 something ,everything anything , nothing, somebody,an ybody,no body和 who,what ,when ,where 時(shí)放后。(something else )7. the number of的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復(fù)

4、數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單 ，a number of=many,大量，許多后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(a large number of ，a small nu mber of )8. 四說(shuō)，1,speak說(shuō)語(yǔ)言，2.say說(shuō)內(nèi)容，3,talk與誰(shuí)說(shuō)，4,tell告訴，講述， 四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫(yī)生，風(fēng)景，3, read看書(shū)，報(bào)，4,look就看?？磮?chǎng)電影要用see，讀書(shū)看報(bào)用read電視、戲劇、比賽，但凡表演用 watch,observe細(xì)觀察，一時(shí)注意用notice.9. it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth. 寫(xiě)性格，品質(zhì),如：k

5、ind, good, nice , right,精心整理wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。It is+adj+for sb +to do sth.對(duì)物的評(píng)價(jià)，如：difficult ,easy hard, dan gerous, importa nt,等10. 建議：1. why dont you do sth?=why not do sth?2. How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?3. You should /can do sth.4. Remember to do sth.5. Dont

6、forget to do sth.6. can you do sth ?7. Lets do sth.I 宀k ?I j8. Itsa good idea to do9. would you like to do ?lO.Shall we do ?II. Youd better (not )do sth.答復(fù)：Thats a good idea.Thanks a lot.Great, OK.Thats right.All right.Good idea.Sure.11. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：in the last+ 一段時(shí)間，in th past + 一段時(shí)間 in the recent+ 一段時(shí)間,

7、這三個(gè)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)- 用法：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或結(jié)果，常與rece ntly,ever, n ever,already,yet ,just,before still連用；表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與fo葉時(shí)間段或si nce+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：have(has)+過(guò)去分詞，12. 連系動(dòng)詞，一是 be (am, is ,are ,was ,were,) 一感覺(jué) feel，二是保持 keep， 三是變 become,get turn ，四是起來(lái) taste ,smell , look, sound ，后跟形容 詞作表語(yǔ)。13. 不定代詞： somebod

8、y, some one 某人，anybody,anyone 任何人 n obody ,no one， 沒(méi) 人 every on e,everybody 每個(gè)人,somethi ng 某 物，anything 任何物,nothing 沒(méi)事,everything 切事物，修飾他們的形容精心整理詞放后。(something wrong )14. such+a /an +adj+ 副so，多多少少也用15. 交通工具的乘坐，=go. on /in+a(the)+單數(shù)名詞=so +adj+a/an+單數(shù)名詞名前such，形so,little 屬特殊，“小用 such,少用so.take thea +交通

9、工具 to , =go.by+ 交通工具交通工具小汽車只能用in ，其余的可用in ,on;16. already早已，用于完成時(shí)的肯定，；yet,用于完成時(shí)的否認(rèn)和疑問(wèn)；just, 用于完成時(shí)17. so .that如此以致于.如果that后是否認(rèn)，就可以用too.to轉(zhuǎn)換,如果是 肯定就用,形容 +enoughfor sb to do sth.18. over,在.上面,正上方，中間有段空間 仮義為underon在.面，貼著物表，反義beneath,above 在.上方,高出,反義 below19. none用于三個(gè)以上的全否認(rèn)，反義為 all ； neither兩個(gè)都不，反義為 both

10、,23. 反意疑問(wèn)句：1先斷定，判斷是否認(rèn)或肯定.女口有 not ,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing等詞,貝U是否認(rèn),后面該用肯定.2后找動(dòng),觀察前面的動(dòng)詞，假設(shè)含有或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞直接用，假設(shè)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形 用do,三單用does,過(guò)去式用did, had better 用had3換代，主語(yǔ)定代詞，三單用he ,she ,it ,復(fù)用they we ;somebody,nobody類似的用 they,和 thing 起的用4肯定祈使句，反問(wèn)句局部可用 will you /wont you ?否認(rèn)祈使句，用 will you

11、?5Lets.用 shall we?let us.用 will you?,6在think ,believe, suppose+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中等表示“我的想法、建議等，疑問(wèn)句局部與從句保持一致，同時(shí)主句的否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移到從句中。但第二，三人稱與主句保持一致：I dont thi nk you have done it ,have you?/He does nt thi nk you have do ne it ,does he?即：當(dāng)主句人稱是一，從句是二時(shí)，看二；當(dāng)主句是三時(shí)，就看三。7答復(fù)只針對(duì)事實(shí)作答;Yes+肯定 ,No+否認(rèn)24. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：.表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正存在的狀態(tài)，

12、一般常和at that time ,at 點(diǎn) yesterday,then,last night ,this time精心整理yesterday ,the whole morni ng ,whe n I arrived等特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用。 表示一個(gè)過(guò)去動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生之后，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或兩個(gè)延續(xù)性過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,常與when,while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：was /were +V-ing25. 感官動(dòng)詞 see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,taste后 + 名詞或代詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生后+名詞或代詞+Ving表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)

13、行26. 英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)幾個(gè)單數(shù)人稱同時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，先后順序是“二、三、一27. notuntil直到.才主句中常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞till/until直到為止主句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞28. whe n,while ,as的區(qū)別When可與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示一段時(shí)間，也可與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用,表示時(shí) 刻。主句的動(dòng)作可以與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生.如果主從句都是 短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí),只能用WhenWhile表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.其從句的動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,從句 多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也可用表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)態(tài).如果主從句都是進(jìn)行 時(shí),只 能用Whileas與When同義，但as指主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作交

14、替進(jìn)行或同步開(kāi)展.29. no one, 一般不與of連用，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，只指人，一般用來(lái)答復(fù) whonone ,可與of連用，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指人或物，答復(fù)how many/how much 引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句，以及含 any+n 的一般問(wèn)句Nothing，指物，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)30. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1主+謂+賓語(yǔ).將賓語(yǔ)變作主語(yǔ),將謂語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，將主語(yǔ)變by賓語(yǔ).2主+謂+間賓+直賓 將間接賓語(yǔ)變作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，直接賓語(yǔ) 不變.3主+謂+直賓+間賓+to或for將直變主,將謂變被告,其余不變.by原主4主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ) 賓作主,謂變被，其余不變,by原主.5主

15、+ 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen to 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，后加 to6主+短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)，賓作主，短變被，其余不變,by原主.7帶有 be going to,be about to ,be to ,have to ,used to ,be supposedto ,be sure to 等要將to后來(lái)動(dòng)詞變以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的每種時(shí)態(tài)31.other其他的，另外的，別的；another另一個(gè)人或事物；精心整理the other 兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)；the others 其余的，剩下的人或

16、事物；others其他的，另外的，別的人或物32. 四個(gè)也：also,肯定，行前be后；too肯定，句末；either,否認(rèn)，句末； as well,肯定，句末。33. bring,從外往里拿，take ,從里往外拿， carry 無(wú)方向, fetch往返拿，34. across ,從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊，外表進(jìn)行through,從中間通過(guò)或 穿過(guò)，里面進(jìn)行;over上方通過(guò)，不接觸外表；35. both.and既.又. ；neither.nor 既不.又不；either.or 要么.要么；there be 有；n ot o nly.but also不僅而且其后的謂語(yǔ)形式采用就近原那么。B

17、oth Tidy and Mary is a middle school stude nt.Neither she nor I am read ing a book now.There is one book and two pens.36. die of 患.而死，常接 hunger, cold, illness,cancer內(nèi)部原因，die from 由于.,而死,常接 a wound ,an accident,carelessness夕卜部原因，give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.給某人某物how about doing sth.=what about doing

18、 sth.做.怎么樣each other 互相.tha nks a lot= tha nk you very much非常謝謝Thats all right. =Youre welcome.= ThatOK.= Its my pleasure.=Not at all.Why dont you+V原.=why not+.V原 為什么不help sb. with sth.在某方面幫助別人help sb. to do sth. 幫助某 人 I 做某 事with on es help=with the help of sb. 在某人的幫助help on eself to sth. 請(qǐng)自用食物watch

19、 sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事，現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有做，做過(guò)watch sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事正在做see, hear類似remember to do sth.想起記得要做某事，未做事 remember doingforget to do sth.忘記要做某事sth.相起記 得做過(guò)某事forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事welcome back 歡迎回來(lái)give sb. some advice給某人一些建議,make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤，correct spelling正確的拼寫(xiě)，t 1what else?=what oth

20、er thin gs?還有什么J 1a piece of advice 一條建議,八| L| - 1 ,follow /take ones advice采用別人的建議，1 1send sth to sb.=se nd sb. sth.寄給某人send for1 1派人去請(qǐng)/取 r | l i、1 - I1/* .* /send up 發(fā)射.7I11 all the time一直enjoy on eself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun,玩得愉快lots of =a lot of =many可數(shù)much不可數(shù)許多，ask for 請(qǐng)求，要

21、求，ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事a piece of 一塊enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事finish , practice , mind, miss , con sider , keep, con ti nue,這些詞語(yǔ)后跟動(dòng)名 詞形式V-i ng place sth .in =put sth. in把某物放在里面take a deep breath 深呼吸,catchhold ones breath屏住呼吸，out of breath上氣不接下氣，做某事,in vite sb.to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事事怎t

22、ry to do sth.盡力做事try not to do sth . 盡力不做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人 find+ it+ adj+to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某么樣try doi ng sth. 嘗試做某事try on es best 盡某人最大的努a group of 一組，一群,borrow sth from sb. 從某人處借入某物 ,lend sth.to sb=le nd sb.sth. 借給某人某物keep 借一段時(shí)間practice doing sth.,練習(xí)做做某事come from=be from 來(lái)自,look for 尋找,look af

23、ter=care for=take care of 照顧look u p 向上看，查閱，look like看起來(lái)像,look at 看著,look on sb. as 把某人看作 ,look forward to doing sth.盼望，期待做某事look over 檢查，翻閱，look out留神，向外看 ,look through 仔細(xì)查看,be ready for =get ready for=prepare for 為,be ready 準(zhǔn)備好 ,be (get ) ready to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事，樂(lè)意做某事 translate into 將 譯成，take a mes

24、sage捎個(gè)信，leave a message 留個(gè)信，be good for對(duì)有好處，be good at =do well in 擅長(zhǎng)于be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅長(zhǎng)Think of想起，thi nk about想出，think over 仔細(xì)考 慮，make+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形容詞使某人某物怎么樣。make+賓語(yǔ)+do讓某人做某事make+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞使某人被怎么樣；make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友，hear of聽(tīng)說(shuō)，hear from 收到某人的來(lái)信be bad for 對(duì)有害，write to

25、給寫(xiě)信，n ext to 在旁邊，do some con certs 辦音樂(lè)會(huì)，speak to sb. 和某人講話，say hello to sb. 給某人問(wèn)好，say bye to sb. 向某人說(shuō)再見(jiàn)，show sb. around somewhere帶某人參觀某地,learn sthfrom sb. 向某人學(xué)習(xí)choose the correct answers 選擇正 確答案,mistakes 改錯(cuò),match with把和搭配起來(lái) get in to=e nter 進(jìn)入,whats the price of =how much is dream about夢(mèng)至U,見(jiàn)，around

26、the world=all over the world呆起stay in bed 呆在床上 ,里，take off脫下，起飛，路，all over China,全中國(guó)，seat請(qǐng)坐,come ture 實(shí)現(xiàn),坐飛機(jī)correct the問(wèn)價(jià)格dream of 夢(mèng)I全世界，stay with sb. 與某人stay at home 呆在家 I I I I I; I1/. I1land on/in /at 著| - .x 、ji! Itake a seat =have afly to =go to .by pla ne(by air),drive to =go toby car 開(kāi)車，walk

27、to =go toon foot步行去sell out 賣光， at the end 在結(jié)束時(shí)，at the end of 在盡頭/結(jié)尾，have been to 去過(guò)現(xiàn)在不在那兒, have gone to 去了現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話地everyday En glish日常英語(yǔ)，first price一等獎(jiǎng)，The most excit ing experie nee最沖動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷，before long不久，long before=so on=a little later很久以前，no problemi沒(méi)問(wèn)題，have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困難，work out

28、a problem解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題，in vite sb to do sth,邀請(qǐng)某人做某事in vite sb to some place 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地,one day,某一天，過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)some day 某一天將來(lái)：differe nt ki nds of =all ki nds of不同種類的，各種各樣的，by the end of到末為止，不遲于give a con cert=give con certs舉辦音樂(lè)會(huì)，in the end =fin ally ，最后，終于，take a photo=take photos 照相，店 為某人做飯buy,makewalk to some whe

29、re=go to. on somewhere.=go .by pla neride to somewhere=go.by bike,cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth.r| Jfoot;fly todrive to somewhere=go toby car,a kind of 一種,be kind to sb對(duì)某人友善since the n從那時(shí)起，:iii *take off 脫下，起飛，請(qǐng)假,reckon=consider =regard =think考慮，認(rèn)為，X Xz j/ Ibe reckoned to be,被以為reck on.as.相當(dāng)于regard .

30、as.把當(dāng)成、J 一一;in the photo,在照片里go abroad,出國(guó)be abroad, 在國(guó)夕卜travel abroad,到國(guó)外旅行sell out,賣光sell to ,賣給某人sell well賣得好，go to sleep,去睡覺(jué)the price of,.的價(jià)格，形容價(jià)格用sell sth at a low price, 以低價(jià)have a won derful time想要做某事想要某人做某事玩得快樂(lè),high,low。sell sth at a high price,以高價(jià)出售,出售。yet ,用于完成時(shí)態(tài)的否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中;would like to do st

31、h=wa nt to do sth, would like sb. to do sth=wat sb to do sth arrive at 小地方/in大地方=reach=get to , 至U達(dá)more tha n ,=over, 多于less tha n,少于觀，on a visit to.,參觀.拜訪as .as.禾廿.一樣so .as 不女口,be famous for因.面著名原因,精心整理alone,個(gè)體單獨(dú)，單獨(dú); 涼，most of.的大多數(shù),Ionely,孤獨(dú)，寂寞，也表示荒a visit to 對(duì).的參for a visit 參觀, pay a visit to , no

32、t as .as.=not rl| -Ibe famous as以.身份或產(chǎn)地更 寧愿做某事而不be named after 以.的名 be up to sb. 由某人決 space station在太on bus in ess 出差,因.by air=by pla ne與分而著名prefer doing sth. to doing sth.=like doing sth better than doing sth 喜歡做某事，prefer to 更喜歡. prefer to do sth rather than do sth.愿做某事，return from a visit to 從.訪問(wèn)返

33、回，字命名，be proud of 以.自豪,疋，up to從事于,忙于,空站，show sth to sb.=show sb sth把某物給某人看，公事，在.的上面in the sky=in the air坐飛機(jī)，in the last three years在天空中，在過(guò)去三年里，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),the lastest n ews,最新消息,share sth.with sb.享某物MODULE4 get on / along with sb, 與.相處，get on well with sb. 與.相處融洽hear about ,hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō),in fact 實(shí)際上，the Ho

34、pe Schools, 希望學(xué)校look after=take care of =carefor,照顧精心整理drop out of school, 綴學(xué)take part in,參加pay for ,支付,付錢how Iong ,多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間how soon, 多久get on badly with , 與.相處不好hear from sb.收到某人的信，電子郵件等on the farm , 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上because of 因?yàn)?賣給某人buy sth from .buy sth for sb.接受教育，take part in =joi n參力卩,不健康，care about 關(guān)心,在乎,心，h

35、ow often隔多久一次， 某事，sell sth.to sb.=sell sb .sth.,把某物“ ：-一J給某人買東西get an educati on廠IZ | rI |； I |in good/bad health身體健康 /ii._) i X- ./ / ：take care 當(dāng) x i/ I _、J;丿Fstop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做別的事/un dressr+ 人,put on/wear/take off+ 衣, 出,離隊(duì)，drop in順便來(lái)訪，退學(xué)dressdrop out 退drop out of schoolpoint at 指著，向，put on on e

36、s clothes 穿上衣服 with the help of sb.=wiht sbs help sb.無(wú)人幫助的情況at home and abroad在國(guó)內(nèi)夕卜a fan of,.的迷音樂(lè)會(huì)point to 指在別人的幫助下 without the help ofgive a con cert =give con certs,舉行stop doing sth.停止做be famous for ,因.而著名后+人或物某方面的特點(diǎn)，特長(zhǎng)be famous as ,作為.而聞名后+身份職業(yè)精心整理at the age of =whe n sb.was.years old,在.歲的時(shí)候not o

37、nly.but also.不僅.而且就近原那么上classical music,古典音樂(lè)belong to , 屬于sth bel ong to sb.物屬于人hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō),be born 出生,go through穿過(guò)，rm not sure我不確定,rm sure 肯疋，1make sb.+adj 使某人怎么樣，make sb .do sth. 使某人做某事，take sb. around 帶人四處走走,a piece of music 一首樂(lè)曲， 1 1 1 * 工I： /y i - iin addition to除.以夕卜，buy him a guitar=buy a guit

38、ar for him給某人買吉他，go on with sth. 繼續(xù)做某事，go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事，learn to do sth學(xué)做某事，lear n from sb. 向某人學(xué)習(xí)，Lear n.by heart 熟記,背誦,lear n on es less on from.從. 中吸取教訓(xùn)，give sb.sth=give sth.to sb.給某人某物,give in投降，give up doing sth 放棄,give out分發(fā)，give a way to 對(duì).讓步,on the earth 在地球上，may be可能是.maybe=perhaps 大概,也許In addition to . 除.以外還有=besides,but除.之外,常與否認(rèn)意義詞連用，當(dāng)but前有do時(shí)but后接原形，except,除.之外不包括on holiday 度假,of course=,sure當(dāng)然精心整理all types of 呼種,part time job,一份兼職工作on ones own 單獨(dú) ,be led by 由.帶著go on 繼續(xù),go ondoing sth繼續(xù)做某事同一件事,go on to do st