直接引語改為間接引語的變化.doc

1、。直接引語改為間接引語的變化1. 人稱的變化。其規(guī)律為：一從主，二從賓，三不變。具體為：（1）如果直接引語的主語是第一人稱，變化時(shí)，該人稱與主句的主語保持一致。如： Mary said,“I want to forget the past.”Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past.（2）如果直接引語的主語是第二人稱，變化時(shí)，該人稱與主句的賓語保持一致。如： He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?”He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab.

2、（3）如果直接引語的主語是第三人稱，變化時(shí)，該人稱保持不變。如： Jim said ,“ They are going to do their homework.”Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework.2. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化。（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句原有時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。如： Mary says, “I went to see the movie yesterday.” Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.”（2）如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)會(huì)有以下變

3、化( 科學(xué)事實(shí)、自然規(guī)律除外) 。a. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)b.一般將來時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) c.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)d. 一般過去時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)e.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)。也就是說要落后一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。3. 直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及動(dòng)詞都會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，變化見下表。在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞this, thesethat, thosenowthen/at that timethis week/monththat week/monthyesterdaythe day before時(shí)間狀語last week/monththe week/month beforethre

4、e days/years agothree days/years beforetomorrowthe next/following daynext week/monththe next/following week/monthtodaythat day地點(diǎn)狀語herethere動(dòng)詞come, bringgo, take情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, mustcould, might, had to4. 各種句型的直接引語改為間接引語的方法。（1） . 陳述句改為間接引語時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞said, told，連詞 that,多被省略。如： Ben said,“I won tgo to Marcias h

5、ouse on Friday night.”Ben said (that)he wouldntgo to Marcias house on Friday night.Lana said to me,“Im not mad at you anymore.”Lana told me(that)she wasntmad at me anymore.。1。（2） . 一般疑問句常用if或 whether 來將其改為間接引語（選擇疑問句只能用whether ），常用 ask 來引述，可以加間接賓語。語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序。如： She said,“Could I copy your homework?”She

6、asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework.She said,“Is this book yours or hers?”She asked(me)whether that book was mine or hers.（3） . 特殊疑問句的間接引語，仍由原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。語序用陳述語序。如： She said,“Why dontyou think it is a good idea?”She asked why I didntthink it was a good idea.（4） . 祈使句時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并

7、在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上 tell,ask,order等動(dòng)詞。如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面加上not 。其句型是： tell/ask/order someone (not)to do sth。如，He said to Tom,“Dontdo the work anymore.”He told Tom not to do the work anymore.She said to us,“Please have a rest.” She asked us to have a rest. 將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1.Mary said,“I am proud of my class.

8、”Mary said that _ _proud of her class.2.John said,“This is my bedroom.”John said that _ _ his bedroom.3.Miss Gao said,“I like living here.”Miss Gao said that _ _ living _.4.He said,“Ill go tomorrow.”He said that _ _ go _ _ _.5.My mother said：“I am going to make dumplings”._.6.She said： “I do homewor

9、k every day.”_.7.He said ： “I willplaybasketballthisnight.”.8. She said,“Do you often come here to read newspaper?”_.9. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked. _10. He asked, “Where do you live? ”_.11. “How can we get to the post-office?”he asked. _12. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? _13.Ourte