常用it作形式主語的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

1、常用it作形式主語的句型結(jié)構(gòu) it + be +形容詞+ that-從句可用于此句型的形容詞有: wonderful,true，good，right，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。如： itisquitecertainthat hewillbeatthemeeting. it is surprising that he came late to school this morning. itisimportantthatwe(should)studyhard注意: 該

2、句型中的形容詞是（un）important, necessary等時，從句應(yīng)為 (should )+動詞原形。 it + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 適用該句型的過去分詞主要有: said,reported,announced,hoped,thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested,known等。如： itishopedthatonedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree it is well known that the earth goes around the sun. it

3、is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week.注意: 該句型的過去分詞是suggested時，從句應(yīng)為 (should )+動詞原形。 it + be +名詞+ that-從句 適用該句型的名詞（詞組）有: apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews, ones duty等。 如： itisapity(that)youmissedthesportsmeetinglastweek. itisafactthatenglishisbeingac

4、ceptedasaninternationallanguage. itseemappearhappen的適當(dāng)形式that從句。該句型?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成含不定式的簡單句。如： itseemsthatthereisabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.thereseemstobeabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown. heappearedto becalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.itappearedthathewascalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeating

5、wildlywithfear. itdoesntmatter ( its no wonder; it doesnt make much difference等)when/where/which/whether等從句。如： doesit matterifhecantfinishthejobontime? theyareallclassmates. it isnowonder theyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudies. it+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb.)+todosth. 該句型中的形容詞通常是表示事物的特點(diǎn)或特征的如difficult，h

6、ard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此時用for；或表示人的性格特征或特點(diǎn)的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等，這時要用of。如： it is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. it is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign language it作形式主語常見句型動

7、詞不定式，動名詞或主語從句作主語時，通常把它們放在謂語動詞前，而用it作形式主語，放到句首，常見句型有：1. it + be + 形容詞+主語從句，如：it is uncertain whether he can come to jennys birthday party or not.2. it + be + 名詞詞組 + 主語從句，這類名詞有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等，如：its a pity that you missed the exciting football match.it remains a question

8、 whether he will come or not.3. it + be + 過去分詞 + 主語從句，這類過去分詞有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：it is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.it is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. it + 不及物動詞(seem, appear, happen等) + 主語從句,

9、 這類不及物動詞有：appear, happen, seem等， 如：it seemed that he didnt tell the truth.it happened that i was out when he called.5. it + be + 形容詞 + for sb.）+ 動詞不定式這類句型常用形容詞easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表語，有時候?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：its necessary for the young to master two foreign langua

10、ge.it is unwise to give the children whatever they want.這類形容詞有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise6. it + be + 形容詞 + of sb. + 動詞不定式，這類形容詞常是表示心理品質(zhì),性格特征的形容詞，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：its very kind of you to help

11、 me with the work.=you are kind to help me.it seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=he seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. it + be +名詞詞組 + 動詞不定式，如：it is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. it + be + 名詞或形容詞 + 動名詞，這類名詞和形容詞常常是：good, no good, no use, a

12、waste of, useless, senseless等，如：its a waste of time talking to her any more.it is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. it + take ( sb. )+ 時間（金錢）+ 動詞不定式，如：it took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.it will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：1

13、. it is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. (nmet 1997)a. however b. whatever c. whichever d. whenever2. in fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)a. this b. that c. there d. it3. is a fact that english is being accepted as a

14、n international language. (nmet1995)a. there b. this c. that d. it4. is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (met88)a. everyone b. this c. her d. it5. _ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.a. it b. i c. we d. they6. it is no use his _ there, the situation is hopele

15、ss now.a. to go b. to be going c. going d. having gone7. it is never too late to learn, _? a. is it b. isnt it c. does it d. doesnt it8. _ is known to all that shenzhou vi launched successfully. a. as b. what c. it d. that9. _ is reported in the newspaper, the earthquake in east chinas jiangxi provi

16、nce killed 13 people a. it b. as c. that d. what10. _ certain that his invention will make peoples life convenient. a. thats b. this is c. its d. whats11. _ that there is another football match on the air this evening. a. it says b. it was said c. it is said d. what was said12. _ that their daughter

17、 got an opportunity to study abroad. a. its a exciting news b. this is an exciting news c. this is exiting news d. its exciting news參考答案：15 bddda 610cacac 1112cd一、主語從句的概念與類型主語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語,引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞that, whether以及連接代詞who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和連接副詞when, where, why, how等.例如:th

18、at she was chosen made us very happy.她當(dāng)選了使我們很高興.what caused the accident is a complete mystery.是什么導(dǎo)致了這次事故還完全是一個謎.whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否來還是一個問題.which team will win the match is still unknown.哪個隊會贏得這場比賽還不知道.whoever comes to the party will receive a present.參加聚會的每一個人都將收到一份

19、禮物.when they will start has not been decided yet.他們何時出發(fā)還沒決定.注意:上述例句中的主語從句都是放在句首,但有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免頭重腳輕,常用it作形式主語,而把從句放在后面.例如:it is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了這樣一個錯誤,真是遺憾.it depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他們是否今天去購物還得看天氣情況.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:1)it is + adj. / n. +

20、從句it is a pity/shame that.遺憾的是it is possible that.很可能it is unlikely that.不可能2)it +不及物動詞+從句it seems/appears that.似乎it happened that.碰巧3)it + be +過去分詞+從句it is said that.據(jù)說it is known to all that.眾所周知it is reported that.據(jù)報道it is believed that.據(jù)信;人們相信it is suggested that.有人建議it must be pointed out that.

21、必須指出it has been proved that.已證明.例如:it is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.據(jù)信,至少有二十座樓房遭到破壞或徹底毀掉.it is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建議會議延期召開.its reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.據(jù)報道,事故中三人喪生,五人重傷.it is

22、 known to all that taiwan is an inseparable part of china.眾所周知,臺灣是中國不可分割的一部分.鞏固練習(xí)1. does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? a. this b. that c. he d. it2. it worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. a. which b. that c. if d. for3. _ is a fact that english is being accepted as an intern

23、ational language.a. there b. this c. that d. it二、學(xué)習(xí)主語從句應(yīng)該注意的幾個問題1)引導(dǎo)詞that與whatwhat既有引導(dǎo)主語從句的作用,同時又在從句中作句子成分(主語、賓語、表語等).這時what相當(dāng)于all that/everything that.,常譯成所的(東西、事情、話等.);而that只起連接作用,本身無實(shí)際意義,在從句中也不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分.但that引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首時,不能省略that.例如:what is done cant be undone. (諺語)已成定局,無可挽回.what we cant get seems

24、 better than what we have.我們得不到的東西似乎比已得到的要好.that we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我們應(yīng)該制定一項(xiàng)計劃來應(yīng)付目前嚴(yán)峻的形勢,這一點(diǎn)非常重要.that a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.一位新老師將來教我們地理,這是真的.鞏固練習(xí)4. _ what they told me really true?a. has b. is c. does d.

25、have5. it matters little _ a man dies, but _ matters much is _ he lives.a. how; what; how b. how; it; how c. why; it; why d. that; what; that6. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. a. what; why b. that; what c. what; because d. why; that7. it is pre

26、tty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. a. that b. when c. what d. how8. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. a. what b. that c. this d. which9. -what made her parents so angry?- _ she had f

27、ailed in the examination.a. as b. because c. since d. that2)引導(dǎo)詞if和whetherif和whether引導(dǎo)動詞后的賓語從句時一般可通用,但介詞后的賓語從句、主語從句(放在句首時)、表語從句常由whether引導(dǎo).例如:whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家還不得而知. whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我們是養(yǎng)鴨還是養(yǎng)鵝仍沒決定.=it remains to be decided whet

28、her/if we shall raise ducks or geese.但我們不能說if we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.鞏固練習(xí)10. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. a. if b. whether c. that d. where 3)其它引導(dǎo)詞連接代詞who, which, whom, whose有各自的意義,起連接作用,并在從句中充當(dāng)語、賓語、表語、定語等;連接副詞when,where, why, how等有各自的意義,起連接作用,并在從句中

29、充當(dāng)狀語.鞏固練習(xí)11. -do you remember _ he came? -yes, i do. he came by car.a. how b. when c. that d. if12. it was a matter of _ would take the position. a. who b. whose c. whom d. whomever13. -i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week.-is that _ you had a few days off?a. why b. when c. what d. where14.

30、i read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? a. where b. what c. how d. which三、語氣在it is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause這類句型里,that所引導(dǎo)的主語從句中謂語動詞用should +原形,表虛似語氣.例如:it is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.這個問題必須馬上解決.its strange that he shou

31、ld have gone away without telling us.他竟然沒向我們說一聲就走了,真是奇怪.鞏固練習(xí)15. it is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. a. masters b. should master c. mastered d. will master四、以it作形式主語的主語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別it be + adj./n. + that-clause與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型均有it be.that.之類的語言標(biāo)志,但不同的是:前者中的that從句是主語從句.若刪掉其中的it be和

32、that,則剩余部分不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語意都不能成為一個句子;但若將后者中的it be和that去掉,則剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)和語意仍能構(gòu)成一個完整的句子.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型譯為漢語時可加上正是或就是之類的字眼,而主語從句則不可以.請比較下面兩個句子:it is surprising that mary should have won first place.令人驚奇的是瑪莉竟然獲得了第一名.it is mary that has won first place.正是瑪莉得了第一名.第一句話中的it是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句.句中的it is和that無法刪除,一旦刪除句子就不成立.第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,其中的

33、it is和that可以去掉,因?yàn)闆]有it is和that句子仍然很通順.key: 1-5 dbdba 6-10 acbdb 11-15 aaadb 表語從句1 the traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海) a. when b. why c. whether d. that 答案 d 解析 下劃線處之后是包含一個原因狀語從句的表語從句，如果看不出它是充當(dāng)整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語從句將難以把握整個句子的意思。因此， 應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當(dāng)任何成分的t

34、hat。 考題2you are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ i disagree. (2004) a. why b. where c. what d. how 答案 b 解析 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動詞is后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(“disagree”屬于不及物動詞， “i disagree”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu))， 下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where， 表語從句“where i disagree”的意思是“我不同意之處、 我不同意的地方”。 考題3 i drove to zhuhai for the air

35、 show last week. is that _ you had a few days off? (1999) a. why b. when c. what d. where 答案 a 解析 下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動詞is連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語， 下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此”(指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果)的引導(dǎo)詞why。 考題4_ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000上海) a. what; why b. that; what c

36、. what; because d. why; that 答案 a 解析 第一個下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，特指她所不理解的事情， 應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個下劃線處表示“因此”(指因某種原因所造成的后果， 由why引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句)而不是“為什么”(指原因、 理由， 由because引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句)， 應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why。 考題5_ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春

37、) a. what; because b. what; that c. that; what d. that; because 答案 b 解析 第一個下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當(dāng)主語，特指令校方驕傲的事情， 應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞what； 第二個下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語從句表示原因、 理由， 應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句。 考題6 are you still thinking about yesterdays game? oh, thats _. (2003北京春) a. what makes me feel excited b. whatever i feel excit

38、ed about c. how i feel about it d. when i feel excited 答案 a 解析 a選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動的事物”； b選項(xiàng)的意思是“我覺得激動的任何事物”； c選項(xiàng)的意思是“我對它感覺的方式”； d選項(xiàng)的意思是“令我感覺激動的時間”。四個選項(xiàng)中a最適合跟代表“game”的主語that對應(yīng)，充當(dāng)表語從句。高中賓語從句詳細(xì)用法和高考賓語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 2011-10-25 06:51 提問者：聰明寶寶77 | 瀏覽次數(shù)：615次賓語從句2011-10-25 09:49 最佳答案 你好。定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及詳解50題 1.the place _inte

39、rested me most was the childrens palace. a. which b. where c. what d. in which 2.do you know the man _? a. whom i spoke b. to who spoke c. i spoke to d. that i spoke 3.this is the hotel _last month. a. which they stayed b. at that they stayed c. where they stayed at d. where they stayed 4.do you kno

40、w the year _the chinese communist party was founded? a. which b. that c. when d. on which 5.that is the day _ill never forget. a. which b. on which c. in which d. when 6.the factory _well visit next week is not far from here. a. where b. to which c. which d. in which 7.great changes have taken place

41、 since then in the factory _we are working. a. where b. that c. which d. there 8.this is one of the best films _. a. that have been shown this year b. that have shown c. that has been shown this year d. that you talked 9.can you lend me the book _the other day? a. about which you talked b. which you

42、 talked c. about that you talked d. that you talked 10.the pen _he is writing is mine. a. with which b. in which c. on which d. by which 11.they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. a. whom b. who c. which d. that 12.the engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. a. to whom b.

43、 on whom c. with which d. with whom 13.it there anyone in your class _family is in the country? a. who b. whos c. which d. whose 14.im interested in _you have said. a. all that b. all what c. that d. which 15.i want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. a. which b. who c. what d. as 16.he

44、isnt such a man _he used to be. a. who b. whom c. that d. as 17.he is good at english, _we all know. a. that b. as c. whom d. what 18.li ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. a. i went with b. with whom i went c. with who i went d.i went with him 19.i dont like _ as you read. a. the novels b.

45、the such novels c. such novels d. same novels 20.he talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. a. which b. that c. whom d. what 21.the letter is from my sister, _is working in beijing. a. which b. that c. whom d. who 22.in our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of

46、 _are women. a. them b. which c. whom d. who 23.youre the only person _ive ever met _could do it. a. who;/ b./; whom c. whom;/ d./; who 24.i lost a book, _i cant remember now. a. whose title b. its title c. the title of it d. the title of that 25.last summer we visited the west lake, _hangzhou is fa

47、mous in the world. a. for which b. for that c. in which d. what 26.i have bought such a watch _ was advertised on tv. a. that b. which c. as d. it 27.i can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. a. when; which b. which; when c. what; that d. on which; when 28.the

48、way _he looks at problems is wrong. a. which b. whose c. what d./ 29.this is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. a. in which b. with which c. that d. for which 30.this machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. a. after which i have looked b. which i have looked after c. that i have

49、 looked after d. i have looked after 31.the reason _he didnt come was _he was ill. a. why; that b.that;why c. for that;that d.for which;what 32.he is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. a.that b.which c.for which d.who 33.that is not the way _i do it. a./ b.which c.for which d.with whi

50、ch 34.i have two grammars, _are of great use. a. all of which b. either of which c. both of that d. both of which 35.i want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. a. as was b. which was c. as were d. which 36.my neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very k

51、ind of them. a. who b. which c. that d. it 37.this is the magazine _ i copied the paragraph. a. that b. which c. from that d. from which 38.he is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. a. that b. which c. who d. as 39. you can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. a. / b. why c. when d. w

52、hose 40. smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. a. that b. which c. it d. though 41. - did you ask the guard _ happened? - yes, he told me all _ he knew. a. what; that b. what; what c. which; which d. that; that 42. i shall never forget those years _ i lived on the farm with the farmers, _

53、 has a great effect on my life. a. when; who b. that; which c. which; that d. when; which 43. the number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. a. owns; are b. owns; is c. own; is d. own; are 44. during the days _, he worked as a servant at the browns. a. followed b. following c. to follow d. that followed 45. is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? a. tha