2001北京外國語大學高翻學院同聲傳譯試題

1、2001 年碩士研究生入學考試英漢同聲傳譯專業(yè)試卷I. 將下列短文譯成英語 (35%不久前美國宇航局宣布 ,他們測得的數(shù)據(jù)顯示 ,在最近兩個月 ,南極上空的臭氧空洞已擴大到智利南部城市篷塔阿雷納斯 (Punta Arenas上空。這是迄今人類所觀測到的最大一個空洞。更為嚴重的是 ,這也是臭氧空洞第一次覆蓋一個人口稠密的城市。許多人對臭氧的作用并不陌生 ,臭氧距地面約 25-30 公里 ,能吸收 99%的太陽紫外線 ,可以說 ,它是地球生態(tài)環(huán)境的天然屏障 ,也是人類繁衍生存的保護傘。據(jù)科學家測算 ,大氣中臭氧含量每減少 1%,太陽紫外線的輻射量就會增加 2%,而人類皮膚癌患者就會增加 5%至 7

2、%。但現(xiàn)在 ,可以說一個城市的所有居民就處在集體患皮膚癌的危險中。為了居民的身體健康 ,篷塔阿雷納斯及其臨近地區(qū)被迫宣布進入緊急狀態(tài)。這很可能也是人類第一次因臭氧空洞問題而進入緊急狀態(tài)。篷塔阿雷納斯衛(wèi)生部門再三告誡市民 , 最好不要在中午 11 點到下午 3 點之間外出 ,因為在陽光下曝曬 7 分鐘左右 ,皮膚就會受到損傷。據(jù)科學家們觀測 ,臭氧空洞目前已達到 2800多萬平方公里 ,而造成臭氧空洞的 , 正是人類在工業(yè)生產中不斷釋放出氟利昂等化學物質 ,才使臭氧越來越稀薄 ,最后形成了現(xiàn)在這個巨大無比的空洞。雖然這次臭氧空洞擴大 ,還因為南極大陸的氣溫不斷升高所致 ,但氣溫的升高 ,又與人類

3、大量釋放二氧化碳有直接的關系。但愿篷塔阿雷納斯的警報是第一次,也是最后一次 !II. 將下列單句譯成英語 (15%1。我們誠心誠意地希望不發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭 , 爭取長時間的和平 , 集中精力搞好國內現(xiàn)代化建設。 2。冷戰(zhàn)后 ,世界形勢出現(xiàn)了重大的變化 ,兩極格局宣告終結 ,多極化成為國際格局演變的主導方向。3。近些年來 ,在經濟全球化的沖擊下,原有的分工格局和資源配置方式正在發(fā)生歷史性的重要轉變。發(fā)達國家在調整,新興工業(yè)化國家、發(fā)展中國家和經濟轉軌國家也在調整 ,盡管調整內容、難點各不相同。III. 將下列短文譯成漢語 (35%Sanctions are a blunt instrument that

4、 can sometimes be useful. Used against Iraq, they forced its horrible dictator to disgorge nearly all his most lethal weapons. Ten years on, the perspective has changed. Saddam Hussein remains implanted in power without, for the past 15 months, any UN inspectors on the spot to discourage him from re

5、inventing his nastiest toys. At the same time, sanctions have all but destroyed his country: its health and educational systems have collapsed; its infrastructure has rusted away; its middle classes have disappeared into poverty; its children are dying. A lot of people now conclude that a change of

6、policy is needed.The oil-for-food programme, passed by the UN Security Council in 1996, was supposed to rescue ordinary Iraqis from the deprivations of sanctions. Iraq is allowed to sell a certain amount of oil in exchange for humanitarian goods. Denis Halliday, an experienced UN hand, ran this prog

7、ramme for two years, but then resigned in disgust (as did his successor, a few weeks ago. Mr Halliday now writes forthrightly of genocide. He and othersdescribe how American and British representatives on the Sanctions Committee hold up everything they suspect, however remotely, to be of dual use. T

8、he list of suspect goods runs from heart and lung machines to wheelbarrows, from fire-fighting equipment to detergent, from water pumps to pencils.Some of these points were confirmed this month by Kofi Annan, the UNSsecretary-general, in his report on Iraqi sanctions to the Security Council. He reve

9、aled how far the oil-for-food programme still is from alleviating the Iraqi tragedy. MrAnnan has spread his criticism around but is particularly upset, first, by the dangerously dilapidated state of Iraqs oil industry and, second, by the Sanctions Committees erratic delays in giving the go-ahead for

10、 the delivery of goods for hospitals: some $150m worth of medicine and medical equipment is currently held up. At one time, outsiders were set in their views on Iraqi sanctions, seeing the situation in black or white. Now there is a large grey area, and an insistent question: are sanctions still the

11、 right policy? The authors document the impact of sanctions on the lives of ordinary Iraqis, and the arguments for change are pretty convincing. The undecided should pay heed.IV. 將下列單句譯成漢語 (15%1. We need to break that vicious circle of AIDS, poverty, conflict, AIDS. For the truth is that not only do

12、es AIDS threaten stability, but when peace breaks down it fuels AIDS.2. The objective of nuclear non-proliferation is not helped by the fact that the nuclear weapon states continue to insist that those weapons in their hands enhance security, while in the hands of others they are a threat to world peace.In the developing countries, the labour force engaged in global production typically includes a large proportion of