高中英語必修三UNIT5語法

1、grammar 同位語從句同位語從句 1. 概念概念: 在復合句中作在復合句中作名詞的同位語名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。的名詞性從句。 2. 功能功能: 同位語從句對名詞同位語從句對名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。具體內(nèi)容。引導同位語從句的引導同位語從句的 that 在從句中在從句中不充當任不充當任何成分，無任何具體意思，一般不省略何成分，無任何具體意思，一般不省略。that 引導同位語從句引導同位語從句e.g.(1) the news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.2. the fact tha

2、t two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.3. we heard the news last night that the queen of england was on a three-day visit in china.4. many british parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.5. the suggestion that chinese student

3、s should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.1. i have no idea when he did it.2. you have no idea how worried i was. 3. he often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 狀語狀語除除 that外，外， 其余連詞在從句中都具其余連詞在從句中都具有各自的意義或成分。有各自的意義或成分。注意啦！注意啦！!狀語狀語是否是否

4、3. 抽象名詞抽象名詞: 常跟的抽象名詞有常跟的抽象名詞有: 4. 連詞連詞: 常用的連詞有：常用的連詞有： fact, idea, reason, thought, order, doubt, news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, proposal, demand, question等等抽象名詞抽象名詞that, whether, who, which, what , when , where, why, how想一想想一想大家注意啦！同位語從句與定語從句區(qū)別同位語從句與定語從句區(qū)別:

5、he told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. word came that he had been abroad. our team has won the game, which made us very happy. (定語從句定語從句) ( (同位語從句同位語從句) )辨析：辨析： 定語從句是定語從句是從句對其先行詞或前面從句對其先行詞或前面整個句子的整個句子的修飾或限制修飾或限制, ,屬于屬于形容詞性形容詞性從句的范疇從句的范疇; ; 而而同位語從句同位語從句是從句對前面抽象名是從句對前面抽象名詞的詞的進一步

6、的進一步的說明和解釋說明和解釋, ,屬于屬于名詞性名詞性從句的范疇，如從句的范疇，如: : the news that our team has won the game was true. (同位語從句同位語從句, 補充說明補充說明news到底是一個什到底是一個什么消息么消息) the news that he told me yesterday was true. (定語從句定語從句, news在從句中作在從句中作told的賓語的賓語) 辨辨析：析： they expressed the hope that they would come to visit china again. the

7、 hope ( that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit china again.lets have a try at once同位語從句同位語從句：they would come to visit china 對對hope 進行進行具體的說明具體的說明。定語從句定語從句： hope 充當充當express的的賓語賓語。 有些詞如有些詞如 可以引可以引導同位語從句導同位語從句, 但不能引導定語從句。但不能引導定語從句。 如如: that question whether we need it has not been consi

8、dered. (同位語從句同位語從句) whether, how, what 引導詞引導詞that引導引導定語從句定語從句時時, 在從句中一般在從句中一般作作主語主語或或賓語賓語 (指物時還可以用指物時還可以用which代替代替), 并且作賓語時常常省略；并且作賓語時常常省略； that在在同位語從句同位語從句中僅起中僅起連接連接作用作用, 不充當不充當任何成分任何成分, 并且不能省略并且不能省略, 也不能用也不能用which來來代替代替. 一起小結一起小結that：ii. 判斷下列哪些含有同位語從句，判斷下列哪些含有同位語從句，哪些含有定語從句。哪些含有定語從句。1. the news th

9、at we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.2. thats the best piece of news ive heard.同同定定3. the possibility that you referred to doesnt exist at all.4. there is a strong possibility that we may be in france for the next week.同同定定i. 在空格處填上適當?shù)脑~，使下列定語從句和同

10、位語在空格處填上適當?shù)脑~，使下列定語從句和同位語從句完整。從句完整。 the news was very exciting _ our class had won the football match.this is the mountain village _ i stayed last year.3. the person to _ you spoke is a famous actor. where that whom 4. they are familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms. 5. the hope she

11、 expressed is that they would come to visit china again.that(that)6. this is our only request _ this (should) be settled as soon as possible.7. all agreed to his suggestion _ a bridge across the river（should） be built.thatthat例例6 6和和7 7中使用了虛擬語氣，其中中使用了虛擬語氣，其中shouldshould可以可以省略。出現(xiàn)名詞省略。出現(xiàn)名詞suggestion,

12、advice, suggestion, advice, order, request, require, proposalorder, request, require, proposal等時。等時。 例題例題6和和7有什么特點？有什么特點？be built.(should) be settled( (should ) 1. the fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. a. that b. what c. why d. which 2. the fact _ he was successful proves his ability. a

13、. that b. what c. which d. why aa練一練！練一練！ 3. the news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. a. what b. that c. why d. when 4. his suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. a. which b. that c./ d. it bb 5. i have no idea _ he will start. a. when b. that c. what d./ 6. ive come from the

14、government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. a. if b. that c. whether d. which ba 7. the thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. a. when b. which c. what d. that 8. the order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. a. which b. whether c. that d. what dc 9. the nurses

15、are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease. a. that b. as c. of which d. which a 10. he often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. a. whether b. where c. that d. when 11. the other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ i thought was a da

16、ngerous speed. a. as b. which c. what d. that ab 11. along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming christmas. a. which b. that c. what d. whether b 13. luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. a. it b. that c. this d. which 14. do you have any ide

17、a _ is actually going on in the classroom? a. that b. what c. as d. whichdb 15. one of the men held the view _ the book said was right. a. that b. what that c. that what d. whether that 引導同位語從句，補充說明引導同位語從句，補充說明view; what引導主語從句并在同位語從句中作主語。引導主語從句并在同位語從句中作主語。c16. a story goes _elizabeth i of england li

18、ked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. a. when b. where c. what d. thatd17. along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming christmas. a. which b. that c. what d. whetherb18. there is a new problem involved in the popularity of private

19、 cars _ road conditions need_. a. that; to be improved b. which; to be improved c. where; improving d. when; improvinga19. there is a feeling in me _ well never know what a ufo isnot never. a. that b. which c. of which d. whata20. i have no idea _ we can spend our holiday. a. where b. which c. that d. whata21. the news _ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news _ our team has won the match is true. a. /; that b. that; / c. that; which d. that; whoa22. the question occurred to me _ the book was worth reading. a. what b. whether c. which d. ifbanswer key for exercise 1 on page 37: th