新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)教程第二版第四冊(cè)Unit5SectionAChoosetoBeAloneonPurpose

1、text studytext studyidea sharingidea sharingnotes to the textnotes to the textwords and expressionswords and expressionswritingwriting understanding understanding reproduction reproduction structure analysis structure analysis summary summary45a. the way to develop this texta. the way to develop thi

2、s texti. structure analysis i. structure analysis arguments + narration + examples + comparisonthe text focuses on a social phenomenon choosing to be alone on purpose. what people think of living alone, who prefers living alone, the life of the solitary people, and what the writer advises for living

3、 alone. text studystructure analysis45narration123-1011-1314-16ways of developmentways of developmentparagraphsparagraphstext studystructure analysisarguments + examples + comparisonarguments + comparisonarguments + narration + examplesarguments + narration45para.1 living alone is a _ phenomenon in

4、u.s.a.para.2 people think of living alone as _ or _ _.paras.310 _, and _ prefer living alone for inspiration.paras.1113 the life of the solitary people and their need _. paras.1416 the author advises people to _, _ and _.common sociala national disease a characteristic of american heroespoetsphiloso

5、phersstay rationalsettle downmake themselves comfortabletext studystructure analysisb. complete the main ideasb. complete the main ideasto talk45ii. question answeringii. question answering1. why is loneliness a sort of national disease in the us?because there are altogether 22 million of people liv

6、ing alone intheir rooms in the us.text studyunderstanding452. why do poets like solitude? because they get inspiration from it, and they feel good about themselvesfor seeking it out.text studyunderstanding453. what can be learned from thoreaus choice of the solitary way of life?the more positive one

7、 is toward oneself, the less the need for staying with others.text studyunderstanding454. why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others?because it is a basic need of a solitary person.text studyunderstanding455. who may the person living in solitude talk to?they may call friends to

8、 tell them important things, or talk to himself, his pets, the television, or even tostrangers in the supermarket.text studyunderstanding45while loneliness is very common in the u.s., few people care to admit to it because it is perceived as (1)_. it is seen as admirable for american heroes to brave

9、ly go alone into the wilderness and for poets and philosophers . some poets and philosophers, like william wordsworth and john milton and henry david thoreau, enjoy )_. when an individualsome sort of social diseaseto seek out solitudeinspiration from solitudeiii. summaryiii. summarytext studysummary

10、45is not solitary out of choice, the experience is . it is _ to talk to someone not only about the big things but also about the little daily things. as a consequence, lonely people will talk about the little things to themselves, the cat, the dog and, , to total strangers. therefore, its important

11、for ordinary people to (7)_, make themselves comfortable at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in their home. both less enjoyable and productiveour basic needmost embarrassinglystay rationaltext studysummary45role: the host; the writer (henry david thoreau; john milton; william word

12、sworth)task: advantages and disadvantages of living in solitude.iv. reproductioniv. reproductiongroup work: a talk show on tv group work: a talk show on tv text studyreproduction45 active expressionsactive expressions focus studyfocus study45in english, you may find some expressionsformed by very co

13、mmon words, but theyare active and powerful. whats on at the cinema tonight? 今晚電影院上演上演什么？ whats he up to? 他忙忙什么呢？i. active expressionsi. active expressionsnotes to the textactive expressions 451. on the other hand, to be alone on purpose, , is one characteristic of an american hero. 2. theyre all fo

14、r it. 3. they all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out, 4. and waving as he sets forth into the early spring sunlight 5. , but for the time being we might as well call it home. find out the active expressions:find out the active expressions:notes to the textactive expressions 451. on purpos

15、e not by accident; deliberately 2. be all for sth. support completely3. speak highly of praise4. set forth start a journey 5. for the time being for a short period of time from now; temporarily active expressionsactive expressionsnotes to the textactive expressions 451. 杰克一直讓我很煩,我想他是故意那樣干的。 2. 我完全贊成

16、人們享樂(lè)。3. 見(jiàn)到你真高興我太太總是夸你。4. 他們即將啟航前往一個(gè)未知的世界。5. 你可以暫時(shí)住在那個(gè)空房間里。notes to the textactive expressions 451. jacks been really annoying me and i think hes doing it on purpose.2. im all for people enjoying themselves. 3. im so pleased to meet you my wife has always spoken very highly of you. 4. they were about

17、 to set forth on a voyage into the unknown. 5. you can stay in the spare room for the time being. notes to the textactive expressions 45ii. focus studyii. focus studynotes to the textfocus study 1. i never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude. practice not/never so as 不如那么我從未發(fā)現(xiàn)比

18、獨(dú)處更好的伙伴。45 the unity of the masses with the party is stronger than ever. ive heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but this one is louder. men are more peaceful, more graceful with each other than ever.notes to the textfocus study 45 the unity of the masses with the party is never so strong

19、 as it is now. ive heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but never so loud as this one. men are never so peaceful, so graceful with each other as they are now.notes to the textfocus study 45notes to the textfocus study 2. it may not be where we expected to be, but for the time being we migh

20、t as well call it home. practice might as well do sth. 不妨; 還是為好45 我們不妨一塊兒去。 你不妨給客戶(hù)服務(wù)部打個(gè)電話談?wù)勥@事。 we might as well go together. you might as well phone the customer service department about it.notes to the textfocus study 45notes to the textfocus study 3. its good for us, and a lot less embarrassing th

21、an the woman , which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix, though she never drinks it herself. discussion 這沒(méi)什么不妥，也對(duì)我們有好處，而且不像有些人那么令人尷尬：在超市付款處，排在前面的女人告訴收銀員，她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能會(huì)來(lái)看她。梅莉莎非常喜歡熱巧克力，所以她買(mǎi)了速溶熱巧克力粉，雖然她自己從來(lái)不喝這東西。45notes to the textfocus study where is the woman? who is telling the cashier

22、about what? why did the woman buy the powdered hot chocolate mix? in front of us in line at the market. shes telling the cashier that her niece melissa may be coming to visit on saturday, and melissa is very fond of hot chocolate her niece melissa is very fond of hot chocolate. old old to to newnew

23、chinesechinese to to englishenglish wordword usingusing word gameword game451. tame vt. to make sb. or sth. easy to controla group of policemen were called out to tame the crowds.words and expressionsword using 一隊(duì)警察被叫來(lái)制服人群。can you say some words with “-ame” at the end?i. word usingi. word using45wor

24、ds and expressionsword using blamecamefameflameframegamenamesameshametame45 2. commodity n. sth. that is useful or necessarytime is the most valuablecommodity that we possess. 時(shí)間是我們擁有的最有價(jià)值的東西。words and expressionsword using 452. commodity n. a substance or product that can be bought or soldcommodity

25、 boom departednearly as quickly as it arrived. 商品繁榮來(lái)得快去得也快。 words and expressionsword using 453. creep vi. to move slowly and quietlyjohn would creep into the gallery to listen to the singers.words and expressionsword using 約翰會(huì)悄悄溜進(jìn)樓座去聽(tīng)歌手唱歌。454. dictate v. to say sth. for sb. else to write downl shes

26、 dictating a letter to her secretary right now.l the teacher dictated a passage to the class. l 她現(xiàn)在正在給秘書(shū)口述一封信。l 老師讓班上的學(xué)生聽(tīng)寫(xiě)了一篇文章。 words and expressionsword using 454. dictate (sth.) to sb. v. to tell sb. exactly what to do or how to behavewords and expressionsword using l you cant dictate to people h

27、ow they should live.l i refuse to be dictated to by him. l 不能強(qiáng)行規(guī)定人們應(yīng)該怎樣生活。l 我拒絕聽(tīng)從他的指使。455. humble a. not proud; low in rank my humble apology a humble scientist men of humble birtha humble occupation鄙人的道歉謙虛的科學(xué)家出身卑微的人低賤的職業(yè)words and expressionsword using 456. apology n. a word or statement to say you

28、are sorry for having done sth. wrong or for upsetting sb.demand an apologyaccept ones apologyowe sb. an apologymake an apology要求道歉接受某人的道歉應(yīng)向某人道歉作出道歉words and expressionsword using psychology biology sociology technology 45words and expressionsword using dict, dic說(shuō)，宣稱(chēng)說(shuō)，宣稱(chēng)dictatedictationdictionarycond

29、itionpredictindicateindicationcontradictcontradiction457. -proof protecting against the damaging effect of sth. else waterproof watches a bulletproof cara soundproof roomairproof pipes provide risk-proof services防水手表防彈汽車(chē)隔音的房間密封的管道提供風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范服務(wù)words and expressionsword using 458. observation n. the proces

30、s of watching sb. or sth. carefully for a period of timea study based on detailed observation of a group of 20 patientswords and expressionsword using 一項(xiàng)基于對(duì)一組20位患者詳細(xì)觀察的研究458. observation n. a spoken or written remark about sth. you have noticedid like to make a few observations about the current sty

31、le of management.words and expressionsword using 我想對(duì)當(dāng)前的管理方式提出一些看法。45words and expressionsword using serv服務(wù)服務(wù)保持保持 conservedeservepreserveserveserviceobservereserveservantobserverobservationconservationconservativereservationreservoir459. back up to support sb., esp. in an argumentpeggy would back me

32、upif she were here.words and expressionsword using 要是佩吉在這兒，她一定會(huì)支持我的說(shuō)法。4510. at length in great detail; at last 不要過(guò)分詳盡地討論這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 公共汽車(chē)終于來(lái)了，晚了四十分鐘。 dont discuss the project at excessive length. at length the bus arrived, forty minutes late.words and expressionsword using 4511. settle down to become quiet

33、 and calm or make sb. do this自開(kāi)學(xué)以來(lái)，希拉似乎已經(jīng)安定多了。sheila seems to have settled down more since school started.words and expressionsword using 45ii. old to newii. old to newalone; lonelypoems in generalnot great or importanthighest in rank/degreefairnessstart a journeyblock up; supporthave a great liking

34、 for solitary poetry humble supreme justice set forth / out / off back up be fond ofwords and expressionsold to new 45獨(dú)自地根據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計(jì)一種民族弊病另一方面冒險(xiǎn)出去征服大自然 all by oneself by recent count a sort of national disease on the other hand venture out tame natureiii. chinese to englishiii. chinese to englishwords a

35、nd expressionsc to e 45獨(dú)處帶來(lái)的靈感對(duì)給予高度評(píng)價(jià)穿上外衣獨(dú)處高士裝滿熬夜 inspiration in solitude speak highly of put on ones coat high priest of solitude fill up stay up latewords and expressionsc to e 45一口氣地按自己的節(jié)奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不斷發(fā)生的小小抱怨最高法院新來(lái)的法官極大的努力 at one sitting at ones own pace fall on a slippery floor the daily success

36、ion of small complaints a new supreme court justice supreme effortwords and expressionsc to e 45與某人爭(zhēng)論某事花樣滑冰選手保持理性安靜下來(lái)；定居以自我為中心的暫時(shí) argue with sb. over sth. figure skater stay rational settle down self-centered for the time beingwords and expressionsc to e 45iv. word gameiv. word gamewords and express

37、ions word gamethere are approximately homophonous words (諧音詞) in chinese and english. it helps greatly memorize english words. listen to some chinese words andguess their english equivalents.45cushion 坐墊kettle 水壺ego 自我apology 道歉soak 浸泡slippery 滑的parcel 包裹volcano 火山 苦省 開(kāi)透 衣鉤 啊，跑了雞 餿客 四里坡犁扒手我開(kāi)鬧words a

38、nd expressions word game debate debate45debatedebateyoung couples and their parentsshould live separatelyyoung couples and their parentsshould live togetheridea sharing 45one of the writing techniques to develop the main ideas is making comparison and contrast.i. structured writingi. structured writ

39、ingsamplestructured writing 45expressions for comparison & contrastexpressions for comparison & contrast be similar to; similarly; likewise; both; in the same way; resemble; just as; compared with; like; too differ from; be different from; unlike; in contrast to; on the other hand; on the co

40、ntrary; by/in contrast; however; otherwise; nevertheless; but; while; whereas; yet; although; than; rather thanstructured writing 45complete the following sentences:complete the following sentences:1. _ to living on the farm, living in the city is an intense struggle to survive in a concrete wastela

41、nd.2. before 1880 many people died of smallpox; _, the percentage of deaths from smallpox is small today.3. the development of transportation and the development of communications _ in many ways.4. there is _ hard work in writing than in physical labor.in contrast howeverare similarmorestructured wr

42、iting 45paragraph and essay despite their obvious differences in length, the paragraph and the essay are quite similar structurally. for example, the paragraph is introduced by either a topic sentence or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. in the essay the first paragraph provides intro

43、ductory material and establishes the topic sentence. samplesample 1 1structured writing 45similarly, the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that expand and support the ideas presented in the introductory paragraph. finally, a terminatorwhether a restatement, conclusion, or observati

44、onends the paragraph. the essay, too, has a device which brings its ideas to a logically and psychologically satisfying completion: the concluding paragraph. although exceptions to these generalizations may be observed in modern creative writing, most well- written expository paragraphs and essays a

45、re comparable in structure. structured writing 45sample 2sample 2ways of manners are different between america and japan. for example, americans eat with knives and forks; japanese people eat with chopsticks. another example is that americans say “hi” when they meet, while japanese bow. besides, many americans open doors for women; japanese men do not. on the surface, it appears that good mann