定語從句視譯

1、定語的視譯（II）：定語從句英四英四 云蒸霞蔚云蒸霞蔚BREAD PPT DESIGN基本技巧基本技巧斷句+將定語從句作為其先行詞后面的一個(gè)獨(dú)立部分單獨(dú)譯出。BREAD PPT DESIGN可操作技巧可操作技巧定語從句單獨(dú)譯出，先行詞作其主語1 1重復(fù)先行詞2 23 3譯成狀語從句，添加連接詞4 4使用代詞指代先行項(xiàng)BREAD PPT DESIGN一、定語從句單獨(dú)譯出，先行詞作其主語那些人曾向我們學(xué)習(xí)，但卻超過了我們，這確實(shí)是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。That those who had learnt from us /now excelled us was a real challenge.將定語從句單獨(dú)譯

2、出，先行詞作其主語。這是視譯中常用的翻譯定語從句的技巧。BREAD PPT DESIGN定語從句單獨(dú)譯出，先行詞作其主語 One great benefit of the web is that it allows us move information online that now reside in paper form.網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重大優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是，它允許我們 把信息放在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，而這些信息現(xiàn)在是出現(xiàn)在紙上。BREAD PPT DESIGN二、使用代詞指代先行項(xiàng) Corruption acts as a hidden overhead charge that drives up prices a

3、nd erodes quality without any benefit to producers or consumers. Overhead charge: 間接費(fèi)用BREAD PPT DESIGN使用代詞指代先行項(xiàng) Corruption acts as a hidden overhead charge/ that drives up prices and erodes quality/ without any benefit/ to producers or consumers.腐敗是一種隱型間接費(fèi)用，它導(dǎo)致價(jià)格上漲，質(zhì)量下降，這對(duì)生產(chǎn)者或消費(fèi)者沒有任何好處。“that”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

4、視譯成漢語時(shí)，增譯了代詞“它”。BREAD PPT DESIGN使用代詞指代先行項(xiàng) The American people have always had a very warm feeling toward China that has been interrupted from time to time when we have had problems. 美國人民對(duì)中國一直懷有十分美好的感情，這時(shí)不時(shí)受到干擾，當(dāng)雙方出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)會(huì)如此。BREAD PPT DESIGN三、重復(fù)先行詞 We each do the piece that we do bestas were doing, for

5、 example, in support of Ghanas food security plan, which will help more farmers get more goods to market and earn more money to support their families.BREAD PPT DESIGN重復(fù)先行詞We each do the piece /that we do bestas were doing, /for example,/ in support of Ghanas food security plan,/ which will help mor

6、e farmers get more goods to market/ and earn more money to support their families.我們各自承擔(dān)的部分是自己最擅長的部分，例如，我們正在支持加納的食品安全保障計(jì)劃，這個(gè)計(jì)劃將幫助更多的農(nóng)民將更多的產(chǎn)品投入市場(chǎng)，使他們獲得更多的收入維持家庭的生計(jì)?！皌hat”,”which”引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)定語從句所修飾的先行詞“piece”,”plan”分別在兩個(gè)定語從句中做賓語和主語，為了使視譯譯文更加自然，分別重復(fù)了這兩個(gè)先行詞“部分”，“這個(gè)計(jì)劃”BREAD PPT DESIGN重復(fù)先行詞 For myself I believe

7、 that all we have done upon this continent is but a prelude to a future in which we shall become not only a bigger people, but also a wider people, a better people and even greater people.就我而言，我相信我們?cè)谶@個(gè)大陸上所做的一切只是美好未來的一個(gè)前奏，未來，我們不但會(huì)成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的民族，而且會(huì)成為一個(gè)更有智慧、更好甚至更偉大的民族。這里重復(fù)了先行項(xiàng)“未來”。BREAD PPT DESIGN四、譯成狀語從句，

8、添加連接詞 Even with increased aid to fight disease and to reform economies, many nations are held back by another heavy challenge: the burden of debt. So America and many nations have also acted/ to lift the burden, which limits the growth of developing economies and hold millions of people in poverty.B

9、READ PPT DESIGN譯成狀語從句，添加連接詞Even with increased aid /to fight disease and to reform economies,/many nations are held back/ by another heavy challenge: the burden of debt./ So America and many nations have also acted/ to lift the burden, /which limits the growth of developing economies/ and hold milli

10、ons of people in poverty.即使援助有所增加，用于抗擊疾病和改革經(jīng)濟(jì)，許多國家仍受制于另一個(gè)嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)：債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)。因此美國以及許多其他國家也已采取行動(dòng)，消除這一負(fù)擔(dān)-因?yàn)閭鶆?wù)重?fù)?dān)使發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體的增長受限，使數(shù)百萬人民處于貧困狀態(tài)。“which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，視譯成漢語的原因狀語。當(dāng)先行詞處于定語從句主語的位置上，且定語從句與主句能形成因果關(guān)系，我們就可以采用這種方法進(jìn)行視譯。定語從句壯語化也可運(yùn)用到其他句子的視譯中，分別譯成漢語的原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等狀語。BREAD PPT DESIGN譯成狀語從句，添加連接詞 Unlike other economies we

11、 do not have the luxury of opening an exchange （證券所）which will grow and change as the economy grows.和其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體不同的是，我們無法開辦一家證券所，使之隨經(jīng)濟(jì)體的發(fā)展而發(fā)展變化。BREAD PPT DESIGN關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的常見譯法 When:那時(shí) Where：在那里；那里的 Why：原因是，是因?yàn)門echnology enabled producers to maximize profits, by moving capital, /machinery and manag

12、ement expertise to countries /where raw materials or labor and infrastructure /gave them comparative advantage.科技能讓制造商獲取最大利潤，方法是將資本、設(shè)備和管理專業(yè)知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移到一些國家，那里的原料或勞工和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，能夠給他們相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。BREAD PPT DESIGN小試牛刀 I t is important to remember that it is not officials of government or state-owned corporations but privat

13、e individuals who will spawn（創(chuàng)立） the high-tech start-ups. They need to be facilitated（促進(jìn)，協(xié)助） by regulators who come from the generation that grew up with the new technology, regulators who are knowledgeable about what is happening in Silicon Valley and beyond.BREAD PPT DESIGNI t is important to remember /that it is not officials of government or state-owned corporations /but private individuals /who will spawn the high-tech start-ups. /They need to be facilitated/ by regulators who come from the generati