2021年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(全國I卷)(含答案)

1、2021年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）英語注意事項：1 .答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2 .回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。 如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上， 寫在本試卷上無效。3 .考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案 轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。略略略第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每

2、題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATrain InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, ther

3、e can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property （失物招領）Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7： 30am to 5：00pm and is located(位于)at

4、Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days, i e.Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel plea

5、se visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42

6、pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21. What would you do get ticker information?A. Call 13 16 17B. Visit translink . com. au.C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.【分值】2分【答案】C22. At

7、 which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C.Varsity LakesD. Fortitude Valley.【分值】2分【答案】B23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A.6:42pmB. 7:29pmC. 8:57pm.D. 11:02pm.【分值】2分【答案】BBReturning to a book you, ve read many times can feel l

8、ike drinks with an old friend. There , s a welcomefamiliarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changedyou both, and thus the relationship. But books don' t change, people do. And that' s whatmakes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading li

9、es in the idea that our bond with the work is based on ourpresent mental register. It' s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But withreading, it' s all about the present. It' s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take betwee

10、n author and reader. Each has to pull their ownweight.There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring isEmest Hemningway? s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it' s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating （令人陶醉的），an aging w

11、riter looking back on an ambitiousyet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillardt s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble （隨筆）about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight: SelectedPoems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three

12、 were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful andnecessary, rereading an author * s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The bestbooks are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it'

13、 s you that has to growand read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. It , s a window to a whole new world.C. It , s a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of one

14、self.【分值】2分【答案】D25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?A. It' s a brief account of a trip.B. It' s about Hemingway * s life as a young man.C. It' s a record of a historic event.D. It' s about Hemingway' s friends in Paris.【分值】2分【答案】B26. What does the underlined word

15、H currency " in paragraph 4 refer to?A. DebtB. Reward.C. Allowance.D. Face value.【分值】2分【答案】B27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. He' s an editor.C He' s very ambitious.D. He teaches reading.【分值】2分【答案】AcRace walking shares many fitness benefits with

16、running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the

17、 sport? s rules require that a race walker* s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact （接觸）with the ground at all times. It' s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of ex

18、ercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories （卡路里）per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would bu

19、rn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step,

20、while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1. 4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner' s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport' s strange form does place considerable s

21、tress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race

22、 walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.【分值】2分【答案】C29. What advantage does race walking have over running?A. It' s more popular at the Olympics.B. It' s l

23、ess challenging physically.C. It' s more effective in body building.D. It' s less likely to cause knee injuries.【分值】2分【答案】D30. What is Dr. Norberg' s suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getting experts' opinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D.

24、Doing regular exercises.【分值】2分【答案】A3L Which word best describes the author? s attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. TolerantD. Conservative.【分值】2分【答案】BDThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effect

25、s. A study conducted in Youngstown> Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In anothert employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）

26、 have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse» even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they， re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundw

27、ater. " We' re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, " explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow （發(fā)光）in experiments using some common vegetab

28、les. Strano, s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-ha1f hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.in th

29、e future» the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant * s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off " switch ” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting

30、 accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（電源）-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission （傳輸）.Glowing plants could reduce this distance and

31、 therefore help save energy. 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.【分值】2分【答案】D33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. T

32、o detect plants1 lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.【分值】2分【答案】A34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They migh

33、t help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.【分值】2分【答案】C35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made polluti

34、on-free?【分值】2分【答案】C第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余 選項。A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here, s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not

35、follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are oft

36、en ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate （有同情心）response? ” That didn' t go as planned. But, I tried my best. M Recognize a

37、ll of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39Now that you' ve listed your strengths, list your imperfection

38、s. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don' t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. N

39、othing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?【分值】2分【答案】36. B37. F38. D39. C40. A第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分） 第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空

40、白處的 最佳選項。Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they' 11 want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44. But our insisting it' s 45 a

41、 window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day they? 11 47 and discover that everything theyt ve always known about windows is a 48. I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we* re telli

42、ng is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical （比口俞） meanings. I' m telling them they can, t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity （機會）of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the

43、 opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, " What if it isn* t a door? " That is, *' What if it isn' t a 57 opportunity? MMaybe it' s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn? t lie tomy kids. I should just5）_ repeatedly having to say, " No. Wecan' t go outsid

44、enow. " Then when theycome:to other doors in life, be they realor metaphorical,they won' t 60 toopen them and walk through.41. A. reliefB.targetC. reasonD. case42. A. admitB.believeC meanD.realize43. A. graduallyB.constantlyC. temporarilyD. casually44. A. resultB.dangerC. methodD. truth45.

45、A. merelyB.slightlyC. hardlyD. partly46. A. reviewingB.approvingC. receivingD.attempting47. A. win outB.give upC. wake upD.stand out48. A. dreamB.lieC. fantasyD. fact49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD. teachers50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD. consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD. doubt

46、52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.AtraditionalB.importantC.doubleD. original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD. history55.A.by comparisonwithB. in additiontoC.regardless ofD. instead of56.A.get hold ofB.stare atC.knock onD.make use of57.A realB.TypicalC.similarD. limited58.A.safety ruleB.comfo

47、rt zoneC.bottom lineD. top secret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept60.A.hurryB.decideC. hesitateD. intend【分值】L 5分【答案】41. C42. A43. B44. D45. A46. D47. C48. B49. A50. D51. B52. C53. B54. A55. D56. B1157. A58. C59. D60. C第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題L 5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China has become the first

48、 country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang * e-4 probe (探;則器)- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon' s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moont s bo

49、dy blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環(huán)形山)， more s

50、o 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang' e-466 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ”This really excites scientists, H Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, " because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct) “ Data about the moon* s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (