2019年全國I卷英語高考真題及標準答案解析

1、高考高分必備高分復習2019年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷i）英語注意事項：1答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30 分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分7.5 分）聽下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所

2、給的a、b、c 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例： how much is the shirt? a. 19.15. b. 9.18. c. 9.15. 答案是 c。1. where does this conversation take place? a. in a classroom. b. in a hospital. c. in a museum. 2. what does jack want to do? a. take fitness classes. b. buy a pair of gym shoe

3、s. c. change his work schedule. 3. what are the speakers talking about? a. what to drink. b. where to meet. c. when to leave. 4. what is the relationship between the speakers? a. colleagues. b. classmates. c. strangers. 5. why is emily mentioned in the conversation? a. she might want a ticket. b. sh

4、e is looking for the man. c. she has an extra ticket. 第二節(jié)（共 15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分 22.5分）聽下面 5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的a、b、c三個選項中選出最佳選高考高分必備高分復習項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第 6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. how long did james run his business? a. 10 years. b. 13 years. c. 15 years. 7. ho

5、w does the woman feel about jame s situation? a. embarrassed. b. concerned. c. disappointed. 聽第 7段材料，回答第8至10題。8. what has kate s mother decided to do? a. return to school. b. change her job. c. retire from work. 9. what did kate s mother study at college? a. oil painting. b. art history. c. business

6、 administration. 10. what is kate s attitude toward her mother s decision?a. disapproving. b. ambiguous. c. understanding. 聽第 8段材料，回答第11至13題。11. what is the man doing? a. chairing a meeting. b. hosting a radio program. c. conducting a job interview. 12. what benefits mary most in her job? a. her wid

7、e reading. b. her leaders guidance.c. her friends help. 13. who will mary talk about next? a. her teacher. b. her father. c. her mother. 聽第 9 段材料，回答第14 至 17 題。14. why does the man seldom do exercise? a. he lacks motivation. b. he has a heart problem. c. he works all the time. 15. what does jacob sat

8、telmair probably do? a. he s an athlete.b. he s a researcher.c. he s a journalist. 16. why does the woman speak of a study? a. to encourage the man. b. to recommend an exercise. c. to support her findings. 17. how much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly? a. 300 minutes. b. 150 minute

9、. c. 75 minutes. 高考高分必備高分復習聽第 10 段材料，回答第18 至 20 題。18. what did the scientists do to the road? a. they repaired it. b. they painted it. c. they blocked it 19. why are young birds drawn to the road surface? a. it s warm.b. it s brown.c. it s smooth. 20. what is the purpose of the scientists experiment

10、? a. to keep the birds there for a whole year. b. to help students study the birds well. c. to prevent the birds from being killed. 第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題2 分，滿分30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c 和 d 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。a need a job this summer? the provincial government and its partners offer many progra

11、ms to help students find summer jobs. the deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. not a student? go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. jobs for youth if

12、you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合條件 ）for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. who is eligible: youth 15 18 years old in select communities （ 社區(qū) ）. summer company summer company provides students with hands

13、-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. who is eligible: students aged 15 29, returning to school in the fall. stewardship youth ranger program you could apply to be a stewardship youth ranger and work on local natural resource management projec

14、ts for eight weeks this summer. 高考高分必備高分復習who is eligible: students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before december 31 this year. summer employment opportunities （機會）through the summer employment opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions a

15、cross the provincial public service, its related agencies and community groups. who is eligible: students aged 15 or older. some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. what is special about summer company? a. it requires no training before employment

16、. b. it provides awards for running new businesses. c. it allows one to work in the natural environment. d. it offers more summer job opportunities. 22. what is the age range required by stewardship youth ranger program? a.1518. b.1524. c.1529. d.1617. 23. which program favors the disabled? a. jobs

17、for youth. b. summer company. c. stewardship youth ranger program. d. summer employment opportunities. b for canaan elementary s second grade in patchogue, n.y. ，today is speech day, and right now it s chris palaez s turn. the 8-year-old is the joker of the class. with shining dark eyes, he seems li

18、ke the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. but hesnervous. im here to tell you today why you should should chris trips on the-ld,a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native english speakers. his teacher, thomas whaley, is next to him, whispering support. vote for me except for some stumb

19、les, chris is doing amazingly well. when he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. a son of immigrants, chris started learning english a little over three years ago. whaley recalls （回想起 ） how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read,

20、 chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. learning english as a second language can be a painful experience. what you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. it takes a lot for any student, whaley explains, especially for a student who is learning english as their new language,

21、to feel confident enough to say, i don t know，but i want to know.whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. the answer broke his heart. whaley says the project is abou

22、t more than just learning to read and speak in public. he wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀 ）高考高分必備高分復習about themselves. boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, whaley says, is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident. 24. what made chris nervous ？a.

23、 telling a story. b. making a speech. c. taking a test. d. answering a question. 25. what does the underlined word stumbles in paragraph 2 refer to? a. improper pauses. b. bad manners. c. spelling mistakes. d. silly jokes. 26. we can infer that the purpose of whaley s project is to _.a. help student

24、s see their own strengths b. assess students public speaking skillsc. prepare students for their future jobs d. inspire students love for politics27. which of the following best describes whaley as a teacher? a. humorous. b. ambitious. c. caring. d. demanding. c as data and identity theft becomes mo

25、re and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物測量 ）technologieslike fingerprint scans to keep others out of private e-spaces. at present, these technologies are still expensive, though. researchers from georgia tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（裝置 ） that gets around t

26、his problem: a smart keyboard. this smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence （節(jié)奏 ）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. the keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user s typing and the time between key presses. these pa

27、tterns are unique to each person. thus, the keyboard can determine people s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it s connected to regardless of whether someone gets the password right. it also doesn t require a new type of technology that people aren t a

28、lready familiar with. everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. in a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word touchfour times using the smart keyboard. data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on

29、how they typed, with very low error rates. the researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. the team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 高考高分必備高分復習28. why do the researchers develop the smart key

30、board? a. to reduce pressure on keys. b. to improve accuracy in typing c. to replace the password system. d. to cut the cost of e-space protection. 29. what makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? a. computers are much easier to operate. b. fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. c

31、. typing patterns vary from person to person. d. data security measures are guaranteed. 30. what do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? a. it ll be environment-friendly. b. it ll reach consumers soon. c. it ll be made of plastics. d. it ll help speed up typing. 31. where is this text most

32、likely from? a. a diary. b. a guidebook c. a novel. d. a magazine. d during the rosy years of elementary school （小學 ）, i enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. i was the queen of the playground. then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.

33、 they rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom i soon found myself. popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. mitch prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories:

34、the likable and the status seekers. the likablesplays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. then there s the kind of popularity that appe ars in adolescence: status born of power

35、 and even dishonorable behavior. enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, dr. prinstein s studies show unpleasant consequences. those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are most likely to engage（從事 ）in dangerous and risky behavior. in one

36、study, dr. prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys （調(diào)查研究 ）. we found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. but so had those wh

37、o were high in status. it clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. 高考高分必備高分復習dr. prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later yea

38、rs and make you better able to relate and connect with others. in analyzing his and other research ， dr. prinstein came to another conclusion: not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. being liked creates opportunities for learning

39、and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, he said. 32. what sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? a. unkind. b. lonely. c. generous. d. cool. 33.what is the second paragraph mainly about ？a. the classification of the popular. b. the ch

40、aracteristics of adolescents. c. the importance of interpersonal skills. d. the causes of dishonorable behavior. 34. what did dr. prinstein s study find about the most liked kids? a. they appeared to be aggressive. b. they tended to be more adaptable. c. they enjoyed the highest status. d. they perf

41、ormed well academically. 35. what is the best title for the text? a. be nice you won t finish last b. the higher the status, the better c. be the bestyou can make it d. more self-control, less aggressiveness 第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題2 分，滿分10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。is fresh air really good f

42、or you? we all grew up hearing people tell us to go out and get some fresh air . 36 according to recent studies, the answer is a big yes, if the air quality in your camping area is good. 37 if the air you re breathing is clean which it would be if you re away from the smog of cities then the air is

43、filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. if you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles （肌肉 ）and your brain. 高考高分必備高分復習recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing （治愈 ）. 38 i

44、n these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. it turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情緒 ） . greenery is good for us. hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are like

45、ly to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 it gives us a great feeling of peace. 40 while the sun s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamin d. to make sure you get enough vitamin d but still protect your skin put on sunscreen right

46、as you head outside. it takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day s worth of vitamin d. a. fresh air cleans our lungs. b. so what are you waiting for? c. being in nature refreshes us. d. another side benefit of getting fresh air i

47、s sunlight. e. but is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? f. just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care. g. all across the country, recovery centers have begun building healing gardens. 第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45 分）第一節(jié)（共 20 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分30 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題

48、所給的a、b、c 和 d 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in africa. they 41 with them lots of waste. the 42 might damage the beauty of the place. the glaciers（冰川 ）are disappearing, changing the 43 of kilimanjaro. hearing these stories, i m 4

49、4 about the place other destinations are described as purer natural experiences. however, i soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. i find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. the environmental challenges are 48 but the eff

50、orts made by the tanzania national park authority seem to be 49 . the best of a kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn t reaching the top. mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. this 52 is especially evident on kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng) ）in the space of a few kil

51、ometers. at the base is a rainforest. it ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 高考高分必備高分復習lands of low growing plants. further up, the weather 55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. i 56 twelve shades of green from where i stand. above 4, 000 meters is the highland

52、 57 : gravel（礫石 ）, stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. does kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? i found the opposite to be true. 41. a. keep b. mix c. co

53、nnect d. bring 42. a. stories b. buildings c. crowds d. reporters 43. a. position b. age c. face d. name 44. a. silent b. skeptical c. serious d. crazy 45. a. discover b. argue c. decide d. advocate 46. a. equipment b. grass c. camps d. stones 47. a. remote b. quiet c. all d. clean 48. a. new b. spe

54、cial c. significant d. necessary 49. a. paying off b. spreading out c. blowing up d. fading away 50. a. atmosphere b. experience c. experiment d. sight 51. a. studied b. observed c. explored d. regarded 52. a. view b. quality c. reason d. purpose 53. a. scientists b. climbers c. locals d. officials

55、54. a. holding on to b. going back to c. living up to d. giving way to 55. a. changes b. clears c. improves d. permits 56. a. match b. imagine c. count d. add 57. a. village b. desert c. road d. lake 58. a. obviously b. easily c. consequently d. finally 59. a. permanent b. little c. fresh d. artific

56、ial 60. a. enjoy b. deserve c. save d. acquire 第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分15 分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1 個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。the polar bear is found in the arctic circle and some big land masses as far south as newfoundland. while they are rare north of 88 , there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the arc

57、tic, and as far south as 高考高分必備高分復習james bay in canada. it is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. modern methods 63 tracking polar bear popu

58、lations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. in recent years some inuit people in nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. scientists hav

59、e responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集 ) around human settlements, leading to the illusion( 錯覺 ) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35 分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10 小題；每小