定語從句講解與練習(共10頁)

1、定語從句講解和練習一、概念 :He is the boy who often goes to school late.先行詞關系詞定語從句二、原則：a.定語從句必須緊緊地跟在先行詞后面，限制修飾先行詞。b.定語從句必須用關系詞來引導。c.關系詞在定語從句中作一個句子成分.三、擴大 . She is the old womanwhom I saw this morning. Mary is the girl whoseparents work in Japan. Is this the key which you are looking for?October 1, 1949 is the da

2、ywhen New China was founded.This is the housewhere the great man was born.I don t know the reasonwhy she looks unhappy today.四、下列定語從句只能用that 來引導：1.先行詞為形容詞最高級所修飾This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.2.先行詞為序數(shù)詞所修飾I happened to be the thousandth guest that visited the great hotel.This is the

3、first composition that he has ever written in English.3.先行詞既包括人又包括物They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.4.主句是 who 或 which 開頭的特殊疑問句中的定語從句Who is the man that came this morning?Which is the bag that you lost?5.先行詞為 th

4、e only, the very, the last, the same所修飾的定語從句He is the very person that the police are looking for.This is the only thing that I can remember.6.先行詞是 everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody 等不定代詞Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you don t understand?

5、7.先行詞被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much修飾時 All that glitters is not gold.Ive read all the books that you gave me.五、“介詞 + 關系詞 ” 及關系副詞 when, where, why1). The box is full of bottles.He is standing on the box.-> The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.The box where he is standing i

6、s full of bottles.2). This is the train.We work on the train.->This is the train on which we work.This is the train where we work.3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.->I know the reason for which she did it.I know the reason why she did it.4). The man is our school master. You sho

7、ok hands with the man just now.-> The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.5). The pen is made in Shanghai.She is writing with the pen.-> The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai.不能拆開的詞組：look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of /put on / take off.六、非限制性定語從句

8、只對先行詞起補充，說明的作用，常用逗號分開。關系代詞用 who(m),which ，關系副詞用 where ,when. 非限制性定語從句不能用 that 來引導 .This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.七、 as 作為關系代詞，習慣上用于下列詞組：the same.assuch .asas . as， soas1.

9、 Take as many books as you want.2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.3. He read such books as will make him wiser.4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is. As 用于非限制性定語從句，常見以下句型：as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as

10、 we can imagine, as has been pointed outas 與 which 的用法區(qū)別： as 與 which 在非限制性定語從句中， 都可指代整個主句，但 as 引導的從句可放在主句的句首 , 句中或句尾，而 which 引導的從句只可放在主句的句尾As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth. Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen. She was awarded a gold medal, w

11、hich the whole family considered a great honour.八、 the sameas, the samethat 的區(qū)別This is the same bag as I lost yesterday（.相似的事物）I am wearing the same coat that I wore yesterday（.同一事物）九、定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別:定語從句相當于形容詞作定語，對先行詞加以限制或修飾， 同位語從句相當于名詞，對先行詞加以補充或說明，連接詞that 在定語從句中充當某個成分，而that 在同位語從句不充當句子成分.The promise

12、 that my uncle gave me made us happy（.定語從句）The promise that my uncle would give me a new bike made us happy. (同位語從句 )The news that they had won came.十、關系代詞 what 和 that, which 的區(qū)別 :先比較下列句子中的what 和 that:He told us the things that he had seen.->He told us what he had seen.This is the words which I s

13、aid.->This is what I said.可以看出 what 實際上等于是 “thething that(which) ”即, “先行詞+關系詞 ” .因此在句中如果已有先行詞， 則不能用 what，而只能用that(which)，如沒有先行詞，則用 what。what 是一個沒有先行詞的關系詞。定語從句練習一 . 用適當?shù)年P系詞填空：1. We are learning English, a language _ is used in many places in the world.2. Most Americans love Chinese food, _ is cook

14、ed in a different way from western food.3. This magazine belongs to the teacher _ teaches us history.4. Anyone _ comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall near Beijing.5. Anyone _ has a cold should have a good rest.6. The house _ stands on the top of the hill was built last month.7. The medici

15、ne _ he bought is good for your health.8. He is the only person _ saw the accident yesterday.9. Tom is trying to read in the room _ the others are watching TV.10. We won t forget the day _the hero was killed.11. The student _ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English cont

16、est.12. The newspaper _ you are reading is two days old.13. Do you remember the time _ we got lost in the park?14. I ll never forget the time _ we spent together in the army camp.15. They are building a hospital on the street _ we used to live.16. The present _ he gave her yesterday evening is still

17、 unopened.17. Happiness is one of the things _ money cannot buy.18. This is the hospital _ her mother works.19. I ll never forget the day _ I joined the League.20. The house _ was pulled down last week is being rebuilt.21. The man _ wife died last year has gone to Japan.22. Tell me the reason _ the

18、American lady left.23. Do you know the boy _ was praised at the meeting?24. I know the girl _ the teacher praised yesterday.25. Allen is the girl _ I think will succeed in the test.26. Everything _ I know will be taught to the students.27. This is the best film _ I have ever seen.28. The manager wal

19、ked toward the gate _ the workers are waiting.29. You can t go into this room _ they are having a meeting.30. I still remember the days _ we studied together.31. The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best.32. Don t make the same mistake _ you did last time.33. He failed in the exam

20、, _ surprised us all .34. He did all _ was necessary to be done.35. Her parents wouldn t let him marry anyone _ family was poor.36. Tom, _ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry.二 .用“介詞 +關系代詞”填空：1. Have you ever read the book _ _ there are many pictures?2. The man _ _ he had a talk yesterday i

21、s a doctor.3. The library _ _ we often borrow books is very large.4. The gentleman _ _ you just spoke is our headmaster.5. This is the new bicycle_ _ I spent five hundred dollars.6. Here are the table tennis players, some _ _ are our old friends.7. The tool _ _ he is working is called a spade.8. Chi

22、na has hundreds of islands, the largest _ _ is Taiwan.9. The school has 2600 students, two thirds _ _ are girls.10. Water is a liquid, the freezing point _ _ is 011. Give me a piece of paper _ _ I can write the phone number. C.12. The boy built a telescope _ _ he could study the skies.三 . 選擇填空：1.The

23、 village _ I once worked has changed a lot.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. /2.China is a developing country, _ we all know.A. whomB. asC. thatD. which3. He told me of the people and interesting things _ he had seen in America.A. whichB. whomC. whatD. /4.Was it at a theater _ they met?A. whereB. thatC. whi

24、chD. in which5.The picture which has many flowers in is _ I like best.A. whichB. thatC. the oneD. where6.The knife _ he cut the bread is very sharp.A. with whichB. with itC. with thatD. which7.It is you that _ wrong.A. isB. wasC. areD. has been8.He is one of the foreign experts who _ Chinese.A. know

25、sB. knowC. is knownD. are known9.In the old house, Tom washed the ten windows, most of _ hadn tbeen cleaned for years.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which10. Alice is the only one of the students in our school who _Australia ?A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to11.Pass me the book _

26、 cover is red.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD. that12.Is this the hospital _ you visited the other day?A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. at which13.Is this factory _ you want to visit tomorrow?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. the one14.He has lost the key to the desk _ the papers are kept.A. whichB. thatC. in whichD.

27、 in that15.The mice built tunnels _ they can get rice in the fields.A. whichB. on whichC. by which D. through which16.He ll remember the days _ he spent with his pupils.A. /B. whereC. whatD. in which17. In the dark street, there wasn t a single person _ she could turnfor help.A. thatB. whoC. from wh

28、omD. to whom18.Is it in this house _ he was born?A. whichB. whereC. thatD. in which19.He is not _ a fool _.A. suchas he is lookedB. such as he looksC. as as he is lookedD. so as he looks20.Do you remember the village _ in 1978?A. where we went toB. where we wentC. which we wentD. that we went21.Do y

29、ou know the student _?A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talkC. I often talk withD. that I often talk22.He met my mother, from _ he got the news of my marriage.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. her23. The man _ has gone to Beijing.A. whom I told youB. which I told youC. whom I told you about himD. I told

30、 you about24.It is the third time that I _ here.A. had beenB. wasC. have beenD. will be25. Have you visited the bridge _ the workers have just finished building _?A. /B. whereitC. where/D. /it26. He lost the money _ he would pay for his educationA. whomB. whichC. of whomD. of which27. You d better l

31、et the children read such books _ will make thembetter and cleverer.A. whichB. thatC. /D. as28. It _ Jack and Mary who _ the broken chair the other day.A. is is repairing B. were repaired C. are repair D. was repaired29. It was in the hall _ we have dinner _ we held a party last night.A. wherethatB.

32、 thatwhereC. wherewhichD. whichwhere30.The watch he _ went wrong again.A. had to be mendedB. has mendedC. had had mendedD. had been mended31. _ I want badly is a new sports car.A. All thatB. All whatC. All whichD. The thing what32. A survey was carried out on the death rate of newly born babies in t

33、hat region, _ were surprising.A. the results of itB. as resultsC. the results of whichD. which results33.He came back late, _ which time all the guests had already left.A. afterB. byC. atD. during34.I've never been to Beijing , but it's the place _ .A. where I'd like to visitB. I most wa

34、nt to visitC. in which I'd like to visitD. that I want to visit it most35.Charlie Chaplin, _ was born in 1889, is one of the greatestactors _ the history of the cinema.A. thatinB. who inC. thatonD. who on36.He often wrote to the writers _ he thought would help him tobecome a writer, too.A. whomB

35、. whoC. whenD. because37.The watch _ belongs to me.A. which it is on the tableB. lying on the tableC. is on the tableD. lain on the table38.This is the only work _ at the moment.A. which I can doB. that I can do itC. I can doD. what I can do39.It was three years ago _ Mr. Smith came to ShanghaiA. wh

36、enB. sinceC. thatD. until40._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. (1999)A. WhoB. The one C. AnyoneD. Whoever41. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It42. It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A. whatthatB. that

37、. thatC. whatwhatD. thatwhat43. _ she couldn t understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000)A. WhatwhyB. ThatwhatC. WhatbecauseD. Whythat44. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.(2000)A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the

38、price of whose45.She found her calculator _ she lost it.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that46._ the boy said turned out to be true.A. WhichB. All whatC. WhatD. Where47.This is _ the river was polluted.A. whatB. howC. thatD. whether48.These books _ he read some were written by Lu Xun.A. whichB. among w

39、hichC. of whichD. with which49.The chemical works they paid a visit _ south of the town.A. stands toB. stand toC. to standsD. to stand to50.In Shanghai many tall buildings have been put up _ there usedto be poor old houses.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when51. Greenland, _ island in the world, covers ov

40、er two millionsquare kilometers.(2000)A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest52. Hes got himself into dangerous situation _he is likely to lose control over the plane.(2001)A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why53. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms

41、of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.(2003)54. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English word and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.(2003)A. whyB. whichC. asD. where55. American women usually identify their friends as someone_they can talk frequently.(2

42、004)A. whoB. asC. about whichD. with whom四、中譯英1、這個班上有 30 位學生，大多數(shù)來自城市。2、他是當時唯一在場的人。3、凡是你知道的關于本書作者的情況請都告訴我。4、他已不再是 5 年前那個頭腦簡單的他了。5、他們租了兩條船，乘船來到了那條河的源頭。6、我從報上得知，更多的美國部隊正在被派往中東。7、眾所周知，成功來自于勤奮，不努力則一事無成。8、那些未曾去過那個小村莊的人很難描繪出它的美景。9、我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那些一貫固執(zhí)己見的人合作。Keys:一 . 用適當?shù)年P系詞填空：1. which 2. which 3. who 4. that/that

43、5. who 6. which 7. which 8. that 9. where 10. when 11. whom 12. which 13. when 14. which 15. where 16. which 17. that/which 18. where 19. when 20. which 21. whose 22. why 23. who 24.whom 25. who 26. that 27. that 28. where 29. where 30. when 31. which 32. as 33. which 34. that 35. whose 36. whose二 .

44、 用“介詞 +關系代詞”填空：1. in which 2. with whom 3. from which 4. to whom 5. on which 6. of whom 7. with which 8. of which 9. of whom 10. of which 11. on which 12. through which三 .選擇填空：1- 5 BBDBC21-25 CBDCA6-10 ACBDB26-30 BDDAC11-15 BADCD31-35 ACBBB16-20 ADCBB36-40 BBCCD41-45 BAABA46-50 CBCCB四 .中譯英1. There a

45、re thirty students in the class, most of whom are from the city.2. He is the only person that was present at the time.3. Please just tell me anything that you know about the author of the book.4. He is no longer the simple-minded man that he was five years ago.5. They hired two boats in which they c

46、ame up to the source of the river.6. More American troops are being sent to the Middle East, as (which)I have learnt from the newspaper.7. As we all know, successcomes from hard work; without efforts nothing can be done/achieved.8. It s very hard for those who havent been to the small village to des

47、cribe its beauty.9. I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.書面表達是對學生在初中階段英語學習的綜合考查，涉及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、句子構(gòu)成、短語使用和單詞拼寫等多方面內(nèi)容，以下就中考書面表達的寫作方法和注意事項進行指導：一、認真審題，確定時態(tài)人稱，同時關注題材格式時態(tài)：故事性文章一般用過去時，其中表達感受時可用現(xiàn)在時。說明性或議論性文章一般用現(xiàn)在時，舉例時可用過去時。根據(jù)題目要求也會出現(xiàn)時態(tài)的交錯使用，如過去和現(xiàn)在的對比等。如果句中出現(xiàn)了時間狀語，時態(tài)則要遵循時間狀語。

48、如 ago，last 過去時 next ， in 將來時等人稱：注意在句子中人稱的統(tǒng)一。例如： Thanks to the teachers, we have improved ourEnglish.其中 we和 our 就是人稱的統(tǒng)一。格式：注意書信格式的開頭和結(jié)尾。二、找全信息點，緊扣主題，突出重點切忌只看表格中或所列 1、2、3 中的信息點。一定把題讀全，找齊信息點，建議用鉛筆標出，寫完后再涂掉。根據(jù)題目，可適當增加合理內(nèi)容。特別注意文章要有開頭和結(jié)尾。三、成文時表述正確，文字流暢切忌與漢語提示的一一對應，使用所學表達方法將語義表達出來即可。首先考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu)（如主謂賓，主系表等）。同時注意短語的正確使用和單詞的拼寫，最好使用課本上學過的短語和句式。四、文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，重點句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一個檔次考慮文章的篇章