C-Cisco-IOS簡(jiǎn)介PPT課件

1、第三章Cisco IOS簡(jiǎn)介Evan.wu本章目標(biāo)本章目標(biāo) 通過(guò)本章的學(xué)習(xí)，您應(yīng)該掌握以下內(nèi)容:開(kāi)啟交換機(jī)和路由器并觀察其啟動(dòng)過(guò)程注意交換機(jī)的出廠初始配置情況，完成路由器的初始參數(shù)配置在網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備上進(jìn)入并辨識(shí)不同的命令模式在不同的用戶(hù)界面下應(yīng)用各種幫助和命令行編輯功能查看并確認(rèn)并于各網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的基本信息IOS是運(yùn)行于Cisco路由器和交換機(jī)上的操作系統(tǒng)，Cisco IOS 軟件提供多種網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)進(jìn)而支持各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用.Internetwork Operation System (IOS)軟件軟件網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的配置基于以下各方面來(lái)配置設(shè)備: 所需功能的網(wǎng)絡(luò)策略 與協(xié)議關(guān)聯(lián)的地址和相關(guān)參數(shù) 管理

2、方面的需要 交換機(jī)將出廠缺省設(shè)置作為初始配置如果路由器中沒(méi)有配置文件，會(huì)提示進(jìn)入初始化安裝設(shè)置過(guò)程硬件自檢硬件自檢定位并加載定位并加載Cisco IOS映象文件映象文件定位并運(yùn)行配置文件定位并運(yùn)行配置文件Cisco設(shè)備的簡(jiǎn)單啟動(dòng)過(guò)程設(shè)備的簡(jiǎn)單啟動(dòng)過(guò)程設(shè)備接口設(shè)備接口 可以通過(guò)多種途徑來(lái)配置可以通過(guò)多種途徑來(lái)配置 配置直接在設(shè)備的內(nèi)存中生配置直接在設(shè)備的內(nèi)存中生效效控制端口控制端口Aux 端口端口端口端口PC or Unix服務(wù)器服務(wù)器Web 或網(wǎng)絡(luò)管或網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理服務(wù)器理服務(wù)器 虛擬終端虛擬終端多種途徑的配置方式多種途徑的配置方式TelnetTFTPCisco IOS用戶(hù)界面的基本特性用戶(hù)界面的基

3、本特性提供命令行界面在不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備上運(yùn)行時(shí)有差別 在命令模式下可以鍵入或粘貼命令 鍵入命令后回車(chē)，設(shè)備即解析和執(zhí)行所鍵入的命令兩個(gè)主要命令模式是用戶(hù)模式和特權(quán)模式不同的命令模式有不同的提示符CiscoIOS用戶(hù)模式用戶(hù)模式 對(duì)交換機(jī)和路由器的有限操作對(duì)交換機(jī)和路由器的有限操作 命令提示符為命令提示符為 routerrouter主要有兩個(gè)命令模式提供命令鍵入主要有兩個(gè)命令模式提供命令鍵入.模式一模式一:Cisco IOS的主要命令模式的主要命令模式特權(quán)特權(quán)(或或enabled)模式模式 對(duì)交換機(jī)和路由器更深入的操作對(duì)交換機(jī)和路由器更深入的操作 有配置和監(jiān)視權(quán)力有配置和監(jiān)視權(quán)力 是進(jìn)入其它配置模

4、式的前提是進(jìn)入其它配置模式的前提 命令提示符為命令提示符為 router#router#模式二模式二 (也是最常用的模式也是最常用的模式):Cisco IOS的主要命令模式的主要命令模式交換機(jī)的初始啟動(dòng)交換機(jī)的初始啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)例程會(huì)初始化交換機(jī)初始啟動(dòng)利用缺省配置參數(shù)1. 啟動(dòng)前確認(rèn)正確連接線纜和控制線啟動(dòng)前確認(rèn)正確連接線纜和控制線2. 接入電源接入電源3. 觀察啟動(dòng)順序觀察啟動(dòng)順序面板上的指示燈面板上的指示燈LEDsCisco IOS輸出到控制臺(tái)上的內(nèi)容輸出到控制臺(tái)上的內(nèi)容檢查交換機(jī)指示燈檢查交換機(jī)指示燈(LEDs)交換機(jī)自檢期間的端口指示燈交換機(jī)自檢期間的端口指示燈 1. 啟動(dòng)時(shí)，所有端口

5、指示燈變綠.2. 每個(gè)端口自檢完畢，對(duì)應(yīng)的指示燈熄滅.3. 如果端口自檢失敗, 對(duì)應(yīng)指示燈呈黃色.4. 如果有任何自檢失敗情況，系統(tǒng)指示燈呈現(xiàn)黃色.5. 如果沒(méi)有自檢失敗, 自檢過(guò)程完成.6. 隨著自檢過(guò)程的完成, 指示燈閃亮后熄滅.交換機(jī)初次啟動(dòng)時(shí)的顯示信息交換機(jī)初次啟動(dòng)時(shí)的顯示信息控制臺(tái)連接控制臺(tái)連接Catalyst 1900 Management ConsoleCopyright (c) Cisco Systems, Inc. 1993-1998All rights reserved.Enterprise Edition SoftwareEthernet Address: 00-50-B

6、D-73-E2-C0PCA Number: 73-3121-01PCA Serial Number: FAA0252A0QXModel Number: WS-C1924-ENSystem Serial Number: FAA0304S0U3Power Supply S/N: PHI025101F3-1 user(s) now active on Management Console. User Interface Menu M Menus K Command Line I IP ConfigurationEnter Selection: 控制臺(tái)控制臺(tái)登入交換機(jī)并鍵入特權(quán)模式密碼登入交換機(jī)并鍵入

7、特權(quán)模式密碼 enableEnter password:# disable quit用戶(hù)模式提示用戶(hù)模式提示特權(quán)模式提示特權(quán)模式提示上下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助上下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助錯(cuò)誤信息提示錯(cuò)誤信息提示指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的錯(cuò)誤所指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的錯(cuò)誤所在，以便于修改或糾正在，以便于修改或糾正.可以重新調(diào)出一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)或較復(fù)雜可以重新調(diào)出一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)或較復(fù)雜的命令或其它內(nèi)容，用來(lái)再次運(yùn)的命令或其它內(nèi)容，用來(lái)再次運(yùn)行、查看或修改行、查看或修改. 之前命令保存區(qū)之前命令保存區(qū)交換機(jī)命令行幫助機(jī)制交換機(jī)命令行幫助機(jī)制提供命令清單和與特定命令提供命令清單和與特定命令相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù)相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù). Switch#show int

8、erfacesSwitch#show interfacesSwitch#show versionSwitch#show version顯示交換機(jī)初始啟動(dòng)的狀態(tài)顯示交換機(jī)初始啟動(dòng)的狀態(tài)Switch#show running-configSwitch#show running-config顯示交換機(jī)的各種運(yùn)行狀態(tài)CCIE#show versionCisco Catalyst 1900/2820 Enterprise Edition SoftwareVersion V8.01.01 written from 171.068.229.225Copyright (c) Cisco Systems, In

9、c. 1993-1998Ccie uptime is 15day(s) 21hour(s) 53minute(s) 11second(s) cisco Catalyst 1900 (486sxl) processor with 2048K/1024K bytes of memoryHardware board revision is 5Upgrade Status: No upgrade currently in progress. Config File Status: No configuration upload/download is in progress 27 Fixed Ethe

10、rnet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)Base Ethernet Address: 00-50-BD-73-E2-C0交換機(jī)之交換機(jī)之show version 命令命令CCIE#show runBuilding configuration.Current configuration:!hostname “CCIE!ip address 3 ip default-gateway !interface Ethernet 0/1interface Ethernet 0/24!Interface Ethernet 0/25!i

11、nterface FastEthernet 0/26!interface FastEthernet 0/27交換機(jī)之交換機(jī)之show running-configuration 命令命令CCIE#show runBuilding configuration.Current configuration:!hostname “CCIE!ip address 3 ip default-gateway !interface Ethernet 0/1interface Ethernet 0/12!Interface Ethernet 0/25!i

12、nterface FastEthernet 0/26!interface FastEthernet 0/27Catalyst 1924Catalyst 1912CCIE#show interfaces ethernet 0/1Ethernet 0/1 is Enabled Hardware is Built-in 10Base-TAddress is 0050.BD73.E2C1MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbits802.1d STP State: Forwarding Forward Transitions: 1Port monitoring: DisabledUnk

13、nown unicast flooding: Enabled Unregistered multicast flooding: Enabled Description: Duplex setting: Half duplex Back pressure: Disabled-More-交換機(jī)之交換機(jī)之show interfaces命令命令 配置模式: 全局配置模式 CCIE# configure terminal (conf t) CCIE(config)# 端口配置模式 CCIE(config)# interface fa0/1 CCIE(config-if)#配置交換機(jī)配置交換機(jī)配置交換機(jī)的

14、各種標(biāo)識(shí)配置交換機(jī)的各種標(biāo)識(shí)為交換機(jī)設(shè)置本地標(biāo)識(shí)交換機(jī)名交換機(jī)名switch(config)#hostname CCIECCIE(config)#Cisco路由器的初始啟動(dòng)路由器的初始啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)例程會(huì)初始化路由器如果需要，路由器可以有選擇性地回退啟動(dòng)Check hardwareFind and load Cisco IOSsoftware image Find and apply routerconfiguration information Load Bootstrap1. 啟動(dòng)前確認(rèn)正確連接線纜和控制線啟動(dòng)前確認(rèn)正確連接線纜和控制線2. 按下電源開(kāi)關(guān)按下電源開(kāi)關(guān)3. 觀察啟動(dòng)順序觀察啟動(dòng)

15、順序 Cisco IOS輸出到控制臺(tái)上的內(nèi)容輸出到控制臺(tái)上的內(nèi)容路由器啟動(dòng)時(shí)在控制臺(tái)上的輸出內(nèi)容路由器啟動(dòng)時(shí)在控制臺(tái)上的輸出內(nèi)容沒(méi)有配置文件與有配置文件的路由器啟動(dòng)對(duì)比- System Configuration Dialog -Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no:yes or no At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in

16、 square brackets .Setup模式模式router con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.用戶(hù)模式用戶(hù)模式提示提示router控制臺(tái)控制臺(tái)Setup: 初始配置對(duì)話框初始配置對(duì)話框 Router#setup - System Configuration Dialog -Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: yAt any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configur

17、ation dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets .Basic management setup configures only enough connectivityfor management of the system, extended setup will ask youto configure each interface on the systemWould you like to enter basic management setup? yes/no: n預(yù)先瀏覽端口配置情況預(yù)先瀏覽端口配置情

18、況First, would you like to see the current interface summary? yes:Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolBRI0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downBRI0:1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downBRI0:2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downEthernet0 unassigned YES uns

19、et administratively down downSerial0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down 自檢過(guò)程中所找到的端口設(shè)置全局參數(shù)設(shè)置全局參數(shù)初始化全局參數(shù)Configuring global parameters: Enter host name Router:router_a The enable secret is a password used to protect access to privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after en

20、tered, becomes encrypted in the configuration. Enter enable secret: cisco The enable password is used when you do not specify an enable secret password, with some older software versions, and some boot images. Enter enable password: ccie The virtual terminal password is used to protect access to the

21、 router over a network interface. Enter virtual terminal password: cisco_ccie Configure SNMP Network Management? no:設(shè)置全局參數(shù)設(shè)置全局參數(shù)(續(xù)續(xù))初始化協(xié)議配置 Configure LAT? yes: n Configure AppleTalk? no: Configure DECnet? no: Configure IP? yes: Configure IGRP routing? yes: n Configure RIP routing? no: Configure CLNS

22、? no: Configure IPX? no: Configure Vines? no: Configure XNS? no: Configure Apollo? no:設(shè)置端口參數(shù)設(shè)置端口參數(shù)BRI interface needs isdn switch-type to be configured Valid switch types are : 0 none.Only if you dont want to configure BRI. 1 basic-1tr6.1TR6 switch type for Germany 2 basic-5ess.AT&T 5ESS switch

23、type for the US/Canada 3 basic-dms100.Northern DMS-100 switch type for US/Canada 4 basic-net3.NET3 switch type for UK and Europe 5 basic-ni.National ISDN switch type 6 basic-ts013.TS013 switch type for Australia 7 ntt.NTT switch type for Japan 8 vn3.VN3 and VN4 switch types for France Choose ISDN BR

24、I Switch Type 2:Configuring interface parameters:Do you want to configure BRI0 (BRI d-channel) interface? no:Do you want to configure Ethernet0 interface? no: y Configure IP on this interface? no: y IP address for this interface: 3 Subnet mask for this interface : Cla

25、ss A network is , 24 subnet bits; mask is /24Do you want to configure Serial0 interface? no:設(shè)置腳本的確認(rèn)與應(yīng)用設(shè)置腳本的確認(rèn)與應(yīng)用The following configuration command script was created:hostname Routerenable secret 5 $1$/CCk$4r7zDwDNeqkxFO.kJxC3G0enable password sanfranline vty 0 4password sanjoseno snmp-serve

26、r!no appletalk routingno decnet routingip routingno clns routingno ipx routingno vines routingno xns routingno apollo routingisdn switch-type basic-5essinterface BRI0shutdownno ip address!interface Ethernet0no shutdownip address 1 no mop enabled!interface Serial0shutdownno ip ad

27、dress0 Go to the IOS command prompt without saving this config.1 Return back to the setup without saving this config.2 Save this configuration to nvram and exit.Enter your selection 2:Consolerouterrouterenablerouter#router#disablerouterrouterlogoutrouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get star

28、ted.用戶(hù)模式提示用戶(hù)模式提示特權(quán)模式提示特權(quán)模式提示登入路由器登入路由器路由器在用戶(hù)模式下的命令清單路由器在用戶(hù)模式下的命令清單 只要所輸命令串在全部命令中是唯一的，可以將一個(gè)命令盡可能地簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)，router?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry atmsig Execute Atm Signalling Commands cd Change current device clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection dir Lis

29、t files on given device disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lat Open a lat connection lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular u

30、ser logout Exit from the EXEC- More -router#?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manual emergency modes setting cd Change current directory clear Reset functions

31、clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also undebug) delete Delete a file dir List files on a filesystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existi

32、ng network connection enable Turn on privileged commands erase Erase a filesystem exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system- More -路由器在特權(quán)模式下的命令清單路由器在特權(quán)模式下的命令清單只要輸入部分命令串(唯一表示某個(gè)命令)，緊接著按tab鍵就可以完整地補(bǔ)全一個(gè)命令路由器命令行幫助機(jī)制路由器命令行幫助機(jī)制上下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助上下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助錯(cuò)誤信息提示錯(cuò)誤信息提示指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的錯(cuò)誤所指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的

33、錯(cuò)誤所在，以便于修改或糾正在，以便于修改或糾正.可以重新調(diào)出一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)或較復(fù)雜可以重新調(diào)出一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)或較復(fù)雜的命令或其它內(nèi)容，用來(lái)再次運(yùn)的命令或其它內(nèi)容，用來(lái)再次運(yùn)行、查看或修改行、查看或修改. 之前命令保存區(qū)之前命令保存區(qū)提供命令清單和與特定命令提供命令清單和與特定命令相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù)相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù). 路由器的上下文相關(guān)聯(lián)幫助路由器的上下文相關(guān)聯(lián)幫助Router# clokTranslating CLOK% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer addressRouter# cl?clear clockRouter#

34、clock% Incomplete command.Router# clock ?set Set the time and dateRouter# clock set% Incomplete command.Router# clock set ?hh:mm:ss Current Time 符號(hào)解析符號(hào)解析命令提示命令提示調(diào)出最近用過(guò)的內(nèi)容調(diào)出最近用過(guò)的內(nèi)容Router$ future of internetworking by creating unprecedented op使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).RouterShape the

35、value of internetworking by creating unpreced使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.Router$ value for customers, employees, and partners.使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字

36、串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞Router$ value for customers, employees, and partners.使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞.下移一個(gè)字符下移一個(gè)字符.Router$ value for customers, employees, and partne

37、rs.使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)字符下移一個(gè)字符.回移一個(gè)字符回移一個(gè)字符.Router$ value for customers, employees, and partners.使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞

38、下移一個(gè)字符下移一個(gè)字符.回移一個(gè)字符回移一個(gè)字符.下移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)單詞Router$ value for customers, employees, and partners.(一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長(zhǎng)字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開(kāi)始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)字符下移一個(gè)字符.回移一個(gè)字符回移一個(gè)字符.下移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)單詞使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令使用增強(qiáng)的編輯命令刪除當(dāng)前字符刪除當(dāng)前字符Router$ value for customers, employees, and partne

39、rs.Ctrl-P or Up arrow調(diào)出最近調(diào)出最近(前一前一)使用過(guò)的命令使用過(guò)的命令Ctrl-N or Down arrow調(diào)出更近使用過(guò)的命令調(diào)出更近使用過(guò)的命令Router show history顯示命令保存區(qū)內(nèi)容顯示命令保存區(qū)內(nèi)容Router terminal history size lines 設(shè)置命令保存區(qū)大小設(shè)置命令保存區(qū)大小回覽之前用過(guò)的命令回覽之前用過(guò)的命令show version 命令命令router#show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (

40、C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguyeImage text-base: 0 x03050C84, data-base: 0 x00001000ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.

41、0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutesSystem restarted by reloadSystem image file is flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin(output omitted)-More-Configuration register is 0 x2102查看配置情況查看配置情況控制臺(tái)控制臺(tái)IOSSetup utilityshowstartup-configshowrunning-config將配置參數(shù)保存到NVRAM中ConfigConfigRAMNVRAMshow runnin

42、g 和和 show startup 命令命令wg_ro_c#show startup-configUsing 1359 out of 32762 bytes!version 12.0!- More -wg_ro_c#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration:!version 12.0!- More -保存在保存在NVRAM中中保存在保存在RAM中中顯示當(dāng)前運(yùn)行的和保存的配置情況路由器模式一覽路由器模式一覽 用戶(hù)模式 特權(quán)模式 全局配置模式Router(config)#RouterenableRouter#co

43、nfig termExitCtrl-Z (end)配置模式配置模式模式提示模式提示InterfaceRouter(config-if)#Subinterface Router(config-subif)#Controller Router(config-controller)#LineRouter(config-line)#RouterRouter(config-router)#IPX router Router(config-ipx-router)#保存配置保存配置router#router#copy running-config startup-configDestination file

44、name startup-config?Building configurationrouter#router#wr(等同于等同于copy run start)將當(dāng)前運(yùn)行的配置復(fù)制到NVRAM中配置路由器的各種標(biāo)識(shí)配置路由器的各種標(biāo)識(shí)為路由器或其端口設(shè)置標(biāo)識(shí)或信息路由器名路由器名Router(config)#hostname CCIECCIE(config)#開(kāi)機(jī)時(shí)的固定顯示信息開(kāi)機(jī)時(shí)的固定顯示信息router(config)#banner motd # welcome to china! #Router(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#lo

45、ginRouter(config-line)#password cisco控制臺(tái)密碼控制臺(tái)密碼虛擬終端密碼虛擬終端密碼Router(config)#line vty 0 4Router(config-line)#login Router(config-line)#password sanjose特權(quán)模式明文密碼特權(quán)模式明文密碼Router(config)#enable password cisco特權(quán)模式加密密碼特權(quán)模式加密密碼Router(config)#enable secret sanfran路由器密碼配置路由器密碼配置其它控制臺(tái)命令其它控制臺(tái)命令Router(config)#line

46、console 0Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0 Router(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#logging synchronous 禁止控制臺(tái)會(huì)話自動(dòng)退出禁止控制臺(tái)會(huì)話自動(dòng)退出 重顯被打亂的控制臺(tái)輸入重顯被打亂的控制臺(tái)輸入Router(config)#interface type numberRouter(config-if)#端口配置端口配置 type 包括包括 serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, a

47、sync, atm, bri, and tunnel number 用來(lái)識(shí)別具體的單個(gè)端口用來(lái)識(shí)別具體的單個(gè)端口Router(config-if)#exit 從當(dāng)前端口配置模式退出從當(dāng)前端口配置模式退出Router(config)#interface type slot/portRouter(config-if)# 模塊化端口的表示法模塊化端口的表示法配置串口配置串口 進(jìn)入全局配置模式Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000Router(config-if)#Router(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#Ro

48、uter#configure termRouter(config)#Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#指定某個(gè)端口指定某個(gè)端口設(shè)置時(shí)鐘頻率設(shè)置時(shí)鐘頻率 (只在只在DCE端端)調(diào)協(xié)波特率調(diào)協(xié)波特率 (建議建議)Router#show interface serial 0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is /24 MTU 1500 bytes,

49、BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:04, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weig

50、hted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec(output omitted) 確認(rèn)參數(shù)修改情況確認(rèn)參數(shù)修改情況以

51、太網(wǎng)的以太網(wǎng)的 media-type 命令命令Router(config)#interface gi0/1Router(config-if)#media-type rj45為以太網(wǎng)端口選擇適當(dāng)?shù)慕橘|(zhì)類(lèi)型為以太網(wǎng)端口選擇適當(dāng)?shù)慕橘|(zhì)類(lèi)型開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉端口開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉端口Router#configure termRouter(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Seria0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protoco

52、l on Interface Serial0, changed state to up 開(kāi)啟已經(jīng)關(guān)閉的端口開(kāi)啟已經(jīng)關(guān)閉的端口Router#configure termRouter(config)#interface serial 0 Router(config-if)#shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to administratively down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down 手工關(guān)

53、閉接口手工關(guān)閉接口路由器的路由器的 show interfaces 命令命令Router#show interfacesRouter#show interfacesEthernet0 is up, line protocol is up Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Lance, address is 00e0.1e5d.ae2f (bia 00e0.1e5d.ae2f) Hardware is Lance, address is 00e0.1e5d.ae2f (bia 00e0.1e5d.ae2f) Internet add

54、ress is 1/24 Internet address is 1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepa

55、live set (10 sec) ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:08, output hang never Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:08, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Last clearing of show interface counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute input ra