外研版高中英語(yǔ)必修4短語(yǔ)

1、必修四 Module 1.1. have no alternative but (=have no choice but) 除外別無(wú)選擇; 只要2. alternative energy 可代替能源3. an alternative plan 替代方案4. load with sth. 給 裝某物load the truck with coal 給汽車(chē)裝上煤5. be on fire 著火(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))6. catch fire 失火(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))7. set fire to sth 放火燒某物8. command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事9. command that

2、 (that從句中要用should+動(dòng)詞原形, should可省略)10. free of charge 免費(fèi),不花錢(qián)11. in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，管理12. in the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé)13. take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)管理,負(fù)責(zé)照顧14. be charged with 充滿(mǎn)15. attach sth to sth 把某物固定/附在某物上16. attach oneself to 參加;和在一起,纏著17. be attached to 連在上; 附屬于.; 系在上18. attach importance/value to sth.認(rèn)為某事很重要/有價(jià)值1

3、9. for sure 肯定地,有把握地20. sb. is sure to do sth 某人一定/肯定做某事21. be sure + that-clause 確信,相信22. make sure of /about sth 確保23. make sure + that-clause 確保24. sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某東西25. sth. run out 某物用完了(沒(méi)有了)26. rely on/upon 依靠,信賴(lài);取決于27. rely on it that 指望.,對(duì)不懷疑28. get rid of =ridof 擺脫,丟掉;除去,趕走,消滅29. w

4、ith + 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),常用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式有:with+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或某狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)with+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)with+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)的特性和狀態(tài))with+賓語(yǔ)+副詞with+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(不定式動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)with+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)30. place an order 訂購(gòu)31. carry out an operation 做手術(shù)32. be optimistic about .對(duì)樂(lè)觀的33. be optimistic that 對(duì).樂(lè)觀34. in shape 處于良好狀態(tài),在形狀上35.

5、in the shape of 以.形狀;呈形36. out of shape 變形,走樣37. look out of 向外看38. look out！ 小心，當(dāng)心Watch out! ; Be careful!Take care!39. for a start 首先40. to start with = to begin with 首先, 第一41. from the start = from the beginning 從開(kāi)頭, 從開(kāi)始42. on the way out 即將被淘汰; 即將過(guò)時(shí)43. on the way n./pron./to doing 即將,來(lái)到,接近44. ca

6、nttoo或nevertoo “不可能太.”,“再怎么.也不過(guò)分”45. Not all=Allnot 并非所有的Module 21. be on display 展覽be on show be on exhibition 2. permit sb to do sth 允許某人做某事3. permit doing sth 允許做某事4. provide sb with sth 為某人提供某物provide sth for sb 5. sth impress sb 某物給某人留下影響sb be impressed by 6. impress sth on sb 使某人銘記= impress sb

7、 with sth7. sth is impressed on ones mind某事被印在腦海里8. have/leave/make/ a impression on sb 給某人留下的印象9. be convenient to sb 對(duì)某人方便10. It is convenient for sb 對(duì)某人方便11. It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便12. be convenient for sth 對(duì)某事方便13. get around=get about 到處旅游;四處走動(dòng)14. be connected to/with 與.相連, 接通15. be st

8、uck in 困住,動(dòng)不了16. get dressed 穿衣get washed 洗臉get lost 迷路get married 結(jié)婚get charged 充電get separated 被分散17. in no time 馬上,一會(huì)兒18. on time 按時(shí)in time 及時(shí)19. once upon a time 從前20. at the same time 與此同時(shí)at one time 曾經(jīng), 一度,從前有個(gè)時(shí)期at no time 決不,在任何時(shí)候都不21. be worth doing 值得做.be worth + n. = be worthy of + nsth. i

9、s worth doing = sth is worthy of being done = sth is worthy to be done 22. “祈使句 + and +簡(jiǎn)單句”可以改為if條件句Think hard, and youll have an idea. 使勁想，你就會(huì)有主意。= ?23. “祈使句 + or +簡(jiǎn)單句”也可以改為if條件句Listen to me, or you wont understand. = ?24. under construction 正在建設(shè)之中25. be limited to 局限于.26. in rush hours 處于交通高峰期27.

10、react to 對(duì)產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)react with sth. 與某物起（化學(xué)）反應(yīng)28. occur to sb (主意或想法突然)浮現(xiàn)與腦中, 被想起,被想到29. It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想到It occurs to sb that30. have sth done 請(qǐng)別人做某事31. keep cool 保持冷靜keep quiet 保持安靜keep still 不動(dòng)keep silent 保持沉默32. no way 肯定不, 沒(méi)門(mén)兒 （用于句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝）Module 31. vary in 在方面不同2. vary fromto 從.到變化3. v

11、ary with 隨著.而變化,因.而不同4. involve sb in 允許某人參與5. involve oneself in 積極參與6. be/get involved in 被卷入到.之中7. more than 不僅僅more than 100 = over 100 , 超過(guò)100more than surprised 十分/非常 吃驚more than 與其說(shuō)不如說(shuō)(強(qiáng)調(diào)前者)He was more an artist than a writer.8. on guard (保持)警惕;值班,站崗9. on holiday 度假on leave 休班on duty 值班10. ho

12、ld up 舉起,抬起,承受住,支撐11. hold back 阻擋hold on 等會(huì)兒, 堅(jiān)持hold down 限制hold out 維持12. give away 泄露,出賣(mài),暴露,讓步,贈(zèng)送,捐贈(zèng)13. give off 發(fā)出(煙、光、熱、氣味等)14. give out 發(fā)出;放出(消息、聲音等);用完,耗盡15. mind reader 能看透別人心思的人16. make a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議,做成交易17. communicate with sb 和某人交流18. be busy with sth 忙于某事19. shake hands with sb 和某人握手20. st

13、are at sb/sth 注視著某人/某物21. stare into the distance 凝視著遠(yuǎn)方22. request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事23. request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事24. make a request for 要求.25. at the request of sb 應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求= at sbs request26. by request(of) 按要求27. do sb a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙28. ask sb a favour 請(qǐng)某人幫個(gè)忙29. in favour of 贊成30. do sb

14、 a favor = do a favor for sb 幫某人的忙31. lift up 舉起;太高;吊起32. up and down 上上下下up and down 前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwardsup and down 處處= here and thereup and down 來(lái)來(lái)往往= to and from33. by accident 偶然地,無(wú)意地Module 41. experiment with sth. 用某物實(shí)驗(yàn)2. experiment on sth. 對(duì)某物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)3. carry outperformcon

15、duct an experiment 做實(shí)驗(yàn)domake 4. make a breakthrough 取得重大突破(進(jìn)展)5. convert A into/to B 把A轉(zhuǎn)換成B6. take the place of = replace 取代,代替7. in place of 取代,代替(介詞短語(yǔ))8. instead of 代替,而不是(介詞短語(yǔ))9. a quantity of + 不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)10. quantities of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)quantities of+不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)11. bring up 撫育;教養(yǎng),嘔吐,提出(話題等)1

16、2. bring down 降低bring about 導(dǎo)致,引起bring back 歸還;恢復(fù);回想bring in 賺(錢(qián));帶進(jìn);傳入13. search for 尋找14. search sb/sp 搜查某人或某地15. in search of 尋求/尋找16. as a result of 由于.的結(jié)果as a result 因此,結(jié)果17. owing to thanks to 由于due to because of 18. the key to 的關(guān)鍵the answer to the question 問(wèn)題的答案notes to the text 課文注釋an end to

17、 the meeting 會(huì)議的結(jié)束the entrance to the building 大廈的入口19. export sth to 出口某物到20. the second most important 第二重要的21. be interested in 對(duì)感興趣22. graduate from. 從.(地方)畢業(yè)23. escape from (out of)+sp. 從某地逃脫;逃走escape from reality 逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)24. have a narrow escape 九死一生25. a fire escape 緊急出口;安全門(mén)26. clear up (天氣)放晴;整理

18、;收拾27. be known for 因.而出名/聞名be known an 以而知名,著稱(chēng)be known to 為所知28. earn ones living 謀生 = make a living get/gain a living 謀生比較：live/lead alife 過(guò)著.的生活29. come to power 掌權(quán);執(zhí)政30. take power 取得政權(quán)in power 當(dāng)權(quán),執(zhí)政out of ones power 不能勝任,力所不及= beyond ones power31. It is possible that. 可能 32. Its certain that. 一

19、定.=sb/sth is certain to do Its certain that youll succeed. = ?33. Its likely that 可能.=sb/sth is likely to do Its likely that he is doing his homework. = ？34. It seems that 好像=sb/sth seems to do It seems that he knows the secret. =? 35. at war 在交戰(zhàn)中36. be diagnosed with 被診斷出, 患有37. become the voice of

20、 成為的代言人38. partly because of 一部分因?yàn)?Module 51. surround sb with sb 用某人包圍某人be surrounded by sb 被某人所包圍in the surrounding 在周?chē)h(huán)境2. a narrow escape 九死一生3. in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處,在遠(yuǎn)方from a distance 從一定距離,從遠(yuǎn)處at a distance 在一定距離處,隔一段距離keep sb at a distance 對(duì)某人冷淡;與某人保持距離4. at the edge of 在的邊緣（側(cè)重于在邊 緣點(diǎn)上） on the e

21、dge of 在邊緣上（側(cè)重在邊緣較廣闊的地域）5. at least = at the least 至少6. not in the least = not all 一點(diǎn)也不7. at most = at the most 至多8. be heavy with 有大量的9. make a detour 繞道而行10. have four weeks off 休四周假11. go through 穿過(guò);經(jīng)歷12. forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事13. forbid doing sth 禁止做某事14. require to do sth 要求去做某事15. require

22、 sb to do sth 要求某人去做某事16. require that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事17. sth require doing 某物需要被做= sth require to be done18. on a spot 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng),當(dāng)場(chǎng)19. rip off 敲竹杠;敲詐20. rip sth off 偷竊,盜取21. get a kick out of 從中得到樂(lè)趣22. enjoy doing 喜歡干.23. be fond of 喜歡.24. go in for 愛(ài)好,從事Module 61. attack sb with sth 用某物攻擊某人2.

23、 be attacked with a disease 患/害病3. make an attack on/upon 對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊4. a heart attack 心臟病突發(fā)5. come into existence 開(kāi)始存在;形成;成立6. a struggle for existence 生存競(jìng)爭(zhēng)7. calm down (使)安靜下來(lái)8. sb. is unlikely to 某人不可能9. It is unlikely that 不可能be likely to. 可能10. be related to 與有關(guān),與有聯(lián)系11. relate sth to sth 把.與聯(lián)系起來(lái)12. T

24、here happens to be 碰巧有13. There appears to be 似乎有14. There seems to be 好像有15. have the fortune (luck) to do sth 幸好(幸運(yùn))做某事16. make a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)17. try ones fortune 碰碰運(yùn)氣18. die out (家族、物種)滅絕;滅亡;(習(xí)俗等)漸漸消失(火)逐漸熄滅19. throw light on 幫助弄清楚;闡明某事20. come to light 暴露,被發(fā)現(xiàn),表現(xiàn)出來(lái)21. bring to light 讓人知道,公布于世22. co

25、me straight to the point 談?wù)};開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山23. beside/off the point 不切正題,無(wú)關(guān)緊要24. to the point 切題,中肯25. be on the point of 正要26. go for 適用于,應(yīng)用于;喜歡,偏愛(ài)27. adapt oneself to 使自己適應(yīng)于28. according to 根據(jù)29. be connected with 與.有關(guān)系30. in order to = so as to 為了 本模塊重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法一 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have + p.p. 用法歸納1. must have done sth. 肯定做了

26、某事(表示對(duì)過(guò)去的某事做出肯定的判斷) He knew the film. He must have seen it.2. may/might have done 可能/大概已經(jīng)做了某事 （表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的可能性推測(cè)） Tom may have bought a new pen because I dont see the old one.3. cant/ couldnt have done sth. 不可能已經(jīng)做了某事 （表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定性推測(cè)） The ground is dry, so it cant have rained last night.4. should have don

27、e sth. 過(guò)去應(yīng)該做某事（而沒(méi)做）= ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier.5. shouldnt have done sth. 過(guò)去不該做某事（卻做了）= oughtnt to have done sth. She is crying. You shouldnt have told her the sad news.6. could have done sth. 本來(lái)能夠做（卻沒(méi)有做某事） 7. neednt have done sth. 原來(lái)不必做某事（卻已經(jīng)做了） Tom h

28、as bought a new pen. You neednt have lent him your pen.8. would rather have done sth. 本來(lái)想做某事（卻未做成） I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的其他用法1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況的推測(cè)2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be doing 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have been doing 表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在發(fā)生的

29、事情的推測(cè)必修5短語(yǔ)Module 1.1.It is obvious (to sb.) that 從句 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)，是顯然的2.confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆 3.be confused by sth . 被.搞糊涂了4.in confusion 困惑的；困窘地5 pare. . .with. . . 和比較6 pare. . .to 把比作red to/with 和相比（作狀語(yǔ)）8.variety of=varieties of 各種各樣的9.differ from sb./sth. 與某人或某物有區(qū)別，相異10.differ in. . . 在某方面不同11.ha

30、ve sth.in common (with sb./sth.) 和某人或某物有相同之處12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .與有很多共同之處13.have nothing/little in common with. . . 與沒(méi)有/很少有共同之處14.in common with sb./sth. 和一樣15.make a difference 有關(guān)系；有重要性；16.make some difference to. . . 對(duì)有些關(guān)系17.make much difference to. . . 關(guān)系重大；有重大影響18.m

31、ake no difference to. . . 對(duì)沒(méi)有關(guān)系19.be similar to 與相似20.be similar in 在方面相似21.have some/much difficulty（in）doing sth.做某事有些/很多困難22.have some/much difficulty with sth. 做某事有一些/很多困難23.with difficulty 困（艱）難地 24.lead to sb.doing sth. 使得某人做某事25.lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人去做某事26.announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事=announ

32、ce to sb.sth 向某人宣布某事27.add. . .to. . . 把加到中28.add to 增加29.add up. . . 合計(jì)；加起來(lái)30.add up to. . . 總計(jì)31.make an announcement 發(fā)表聲明，通知32.at present 現(xiàn)在；目前33.make an attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事34.make an attempt at doing sth. 試圖（嘗試）做某事35.at ones first attempt 第一次嘗試36.attempt at（doing）sth. 嘗試（做）某事37.in favour of

33、 同意，支持，擁護(hù)38.do sb.a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 請(qǐng)求某人幫忙40.in sb.s favour 有助于某人41.refer to. . .as. . . 稱(chēng)為42.refer to 參考43.make (a) reference (s) to 提及，論及44.now (that)+ 句子 由于；既然 Module 21.to ones satisfaction 使某人感到滿(mǎn)意的是2.offer ones hand 伸出手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. 為某人提供某

34、物 尊敬某人 請(qǐng)代我向某人問(wèn)好/致意6.in all respects 無(wú)論從哪方面來(lái)看7.pass by 經(jīng)過(guò)；從旁經(jīng)過(guò)8.pass away 去世；（時(shí)間等）消磨掉，過(guò)去9.pass down 把一代傳一代；流傳10.pass on 傳遞11.take. . .for granted 認(rèn)為.理所當(dāng)然12.take it/things easy 輕松，放松13.take ones time 慢慢來(lái)，不著急14.in particular 尤其，特別地15.be particular about/over. . . 對(duì)講究/挑剔16.have an effect on. . . 對(duì)有影響17.

35、take up 站好位置以備 用作并列連詞時(shí)，常用下列句型：（1）Sb.was about to do sth.when. . . =Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when. . . 某人正要干某事時(shí)，這時(shí). (2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . . 某人正在干某事時(shí)，這時(shí) (3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .某人剛干完某事時(shí)，這時(shí)19.apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申請(qǐng)某物20.apply sth.to sth. 把應(yīng)用于21.apply to. . . 適用于22.app

36、ly onesely to. . . 致力于23.sth. require doing/to be done 某物需要被做24.require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事25.require that. . .(should) do sth. 要求做某事26.in great demand 需求很大27.meet/satisfy ones demang(s) 滿(mǎn)足某人的需要28.demang to do sth. 要求做某事29.demand that. . .(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事30.in response to 作為的回應(yīng) 對(duì).做出反應(yīng) 對(duì)不予回

37、答/理解Module 31.on account of 因?yàn)?.on no account 決不，在任何條件下都不3.take sth. into account=take account of sth.把某事考慮在內(nèi)4.account for 做出解釋?zhuān)岢隼碛?. lie-lay-lain-lying 平躺；位于 Lay laid laid laying 放置； 產(chǎn)卵6.The boy lying on the ground lied that his cocklaid an egg. 躺在地上的小男孩說(shuō)他的公雞下了一只蛋。7.get into (a) panic 陷入恐慌狀態(tài)8.be a

38、t/in a panic 在恐慌中 9.be curious about 對(duì)好奇，感興趣10.out of curiosity 出于好奇11.satisfy ones curiosity 滿(mǎn)足某人的好奇心12.have connection with 與有聯(lián)系/有關(guān)聯(lián)13.have a direct/close/strong connection with 與有直接/密切/牢固的聯(lián)系14.have sth./nothing to do with 與有關(guān)/與無(wú)關(guān)15.be related to 與有關(guān) 16.to ones astonishment 令某人吃驚的是17.to ones surpr

39、ise 令某人吃驚的是18.to ones excitement 令某人激動(dòng)的是19.to ones disappointment 令人失望的是20.to ones sorrow 令人難過(guò)的是21.to ones joy 令人高興的是22.to ones satisfaction 令人滿(mǎn)意的是 警告某人某事 24.warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事25.be determined to do sth. 決心做某事26.force sb.to do sth.=force o doing sth 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事 把強(qiáng)加于