2013年高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題思路點(diǎn)撥及增分訓(xùn)練閱讀理解3

1、-1 -2013 高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題思路點(diǎn)撥及增分訓(xùn)練一閱讀理解031.尋找主題句，確定文章主題 在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時(shí)，根據(jù)其篇章特點(diǎn)我們可以通過尋找短文的主 標(biāo)題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明文章主題。它的特點(diǎn)是：短小精悍，多為 一短語(yǔ)；涵蓋性強(qiáng)，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當(dāng)，既不能太大，也不能太小。精確性強(qiáng)，不能隨意改變語(yǔ)言表意的程度及色彩。在選擇標(biāo)題時(shí)，要注意三點(diǎn)：第一：要在 閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上， 仔細(xì)考慮這句話或短語(yǔ)與文章主題是否有密切的聯(lián)系； 第二： 再看它對(duì) 文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；第三：要注意題目是過大還是過小。答案速遞1. 1. A。短文中

2、沒有主題句，通過仔細(xì)閱讀全文，從例證關(guān)系來分析，本文的主題思想應(yīng)歸納為：People enjoy different kinds of recreation.因此，A 為正確答案。2. A。上面這段話的主題句位于本段的中間：The flood of cheaper foreig n cars has notcost America n autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected.據(jù)此，此題的正確答案應(yīng)為 A.。3. C。四項(xiàng)選擇中 A 項(xiàng)和 D 項(xiàng)內(nèi)容太具體，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B 項(xiàng)內(nèi)容又太籠統(tǒng)，超出了作者的原意。只有C 項(xiàng)才準(zhǔn)確地概括

3、出段落的主旨思想。4. D。這一篇短文前幾句只講述了具體情況，均不具備主題句的特征，只有最后一句話是概括性的、總結(jié)性的，因此本段的最后一句是主題句，故正確答案是D。5. D 這是一篇報(bào)道，文章的第一段只有兩句話：“20 個(gè)學(xué)生（2 女 18 男）有充分的理由為自己感到自豪，因?yàn)樗麄儕Z得了第五屆華羅庚杯數(shù)學(xué)競(jìng)賽的金獎(jiǎng)，是 4 百萬(wàn)參賽學(xué)生中的佼佼者”，下文接著對(duì)競(jìng)賽的有關(guān)情況進(jìn)行報(bào)道，因此，第一段實(shí)際上就是這篇報(bào)道的主題句。A、B、C分別只包含了報(bào)道的部分信息，顯然不合題意；D 選項(xiàng)與主題句的意思完全一致，因此是正確答案。II. D。文章以月球人的問題 Why are you traveling

4、 to outer space when you don t evenuse your inner space?引起話題，接著講敘了人類目前對(duì)地下空間的利用現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)尾以地下空間開發(fā)的支持者的話點(diǎn)題buildi ng dow n rather tha n buildi ng up is a good way touse the earth s space。A 選項(xiàng)只是本文話題的部分意思，不是主要話題；B 選項(xiàng)與文章的意思無(wú)關(guān)；文章主要是講地下空間的開發(fā)利用，而不是講如何享受地下生活，因此C 選項(xiàng)與文章的主題也無(wú)關(guān)；D 選項(xiàng)符合文章的主要內(nèi)容，與主題句的意思一致，因此，是該題的正確 答案。單詞百寶

5、箱brew n.調(diào)制，釀造He brewed cups of thick Turkish coffee.ingredients n.（混合物的）組成部分；配料；構(gòu)成要素，因素Flour and fat are the most importa nt in gredie nts.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。breeze n. 微風(fēng),輕風(fēng)It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天氣悶熱,一點(diǎn)風(fēng)也沒有。in satiable adj.不知足的，貪求無(wú)厭的The young man has an in satiable hun ger for kn

6、o wledge.這個(gè)年輕人有著一副永不滿足的求知欲。orientation n. 方向,目標(biāo)他調(diào)制了幾杯很濃的土耳其咖啡。-2 -The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation. 行者迷失了方向。in suit v. vt.侮辱,辱罵You will in suit her if you dont go to her party.你要是不去參加她舉辦的聚會(huì),就對(duì)她太無(wú)禮了。acqua intance n.熟人We talked as if we were old acqua intan ces.我們就好像是老相識(shí)般談

7、話。rung n.地位，橫檔Hard work and long hours are rungs in the ladder of success.刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的階梯。wilderness n. n. 荒野，茫茫一片，大量，荒地The surro unding country is a wilder ness of sand.周圍是茫茫一片砂石地。時(shí)文閱讀Traditi onal forms of work also cha nged. Some people were better at perform inga particular task than other clan m

8、embers, so then began to specialize in things theywere good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that othersproduced.People bega n to com muni cate with dista nt tribes. Land was cleared for roads.Foreign plants and animals were transportedto places where they

9、 had not existed before.Specialization also give people more free time. So art,danee and music becameimportant ways of expressingfeelings and thoughts. This was how many greatcivilizations started.Compared to the past, modern civilization has experieneed many changes to become the highlydeveloped so

10、ciety that exists today. Populati ons have in creased rapidly.Forests have bee n cleared for farms. Inven ti onsand tech no logyhave made work easier.However, polluti on and other serious problems have also resulted from huma nprogress. As concerned citize ns, it is up to us to lear n from past mist

11、akes and to help maintain andimprove our environment.1 Early tribes didn t have much effect on animal population because_A .they kept ani mals for themselves B they ate only vegetablesC they loved ani malsD they killed only eno ugh for food2 The main purpose for small cla ns to join together was_A t

12、o hurt ani malsB to seek safetyC to share cavesD to protect en vir onment3 Accord ing to the passage ,we can lear n that_A early people moved to new places look ing for new sources of food蜿蜒的小徑使徒步旅-3 -B modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groupsC moder n adva nceme

13、nts are always good for the environmentD people bega n to excha nge goods because they did n t have eno ugh money4 It can be con eluded from the passage that_A huma n progress has brought civilizati on to the societyB civilization has improved traditional forms of workC early people un derstood envi

14、ronmen tal protecti onD our en vir onment has bee n affected by huma n progressMother Knows Best?Once while being prepared for a televisi onin terview, I was chatt ingwith the hostabout stay-at- home fathers. I made the point that one reason we re seeing morestay-at- home dads may be that it s no Io

15、n ger a give n (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into acco unt whe n decidi ng which pare nt will stayhome.At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loudeno ugh for my ben efits,“ It should be the better

16、pare nt who stays at home” . A lotof guys say things like that.I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited .It implied that our family s choice could only have been correct if I was a “ better ” pare nt tha n my wife.I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this

17、 kind of thinkin g. I suppose anargument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better ” pare nt: shehad spe nt more time with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice ,he d have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable

18、one, my wife went out to work andI looked after our son.Know what? I caught up. Because of the in creased time I spe nt with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he n eeded and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experieneehelped me uniock one of the world s great

19、 secrets: Women are good at looking after the childrenbecause they do it. It s not becauseof any born female gift or a mother s in st inct which I thi nk is mostly lear ned any way. It s becausethey put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.-4 -Womerobviously get a biological

20、head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experienee is more importa nt. When I got the experie nee myself, I was good, too. As good? I don t know. Whocares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of look ing after them besides Mom.64. Which of the followi ng

21、 does the first paragraph imply?A. Men are no Ion ger give n the cha nee to stay at home as they used to.B. In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands.C. The author is telli ng the readers that he works in the TV stati on.D. There are more stay-at- home fathers tha n stay-at-home mothers.65. The author decided to stay at home e