北師大版七年級上冊英語Unit1詞匯與語法基礎(chǔ)(解析版)

1、人度知識圖譜、必背詞匯father n.爸爸，父親grandfather n.（外）祖父；爺爺；外公grandmother n.（夕卜）祖母；奶奶；夕卜婆mother n.母親，媽媽every adj.每一個，每個day n. 一天，一日weekend n.周末cousin n.堂兄（弟、姐、妹）；表兄（弟、姐、妹）daughter n.女兒granddaughter n.（外）孫女grandson n.（外） 孫子husband n.丈夫son n.兒子wife n.妻子call v.召喚；把叫做n.打電話him pron.他run v.跑，奔跑same adj.相同的age n.年齡as

2、adv.如同sing v.唱歌，演唱dance v.跳舞live v.住，居??；生活near prep. 在附近，靠近visit v.看望；參觀；拜訪them pron.他們；她們；它們parent n.父親或母親Mrs n.太太，夫人grandparent n.（外）祖父；（外）祖母can v.能，會；可以 park n.公園 pretty adj.漂亮的；標(biāo)致的 short adj.個字矮的，短的 strong adj.強壯的，強健的 thin adj.瘦的；薄的；細的 young adj. 年輕的 but conj.而，但是think v.認為；想；思考 pet n.寵物 clever

3、adj.聰明的 leader n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；領(lǐng)袖 basketball n.籃球；籃球運動 yum excl.味道好，好吃 hour n.小時 university n.大學(xué) interest n.興趣；趣味 v.使感興趣 film n.電影，影片 soon adv.很快，馬上，不久 else adv.其他的；別的 idea n.主意，想法；看法 whose det.誰的 food n.食物 bird n.鳥 world n.世界、重點詞匯1. every determiner /?ev.ri/1) . used when referring to all the members of a gr

4、oup of three or more(3個或3個以上的人或事物組成的群體中的)每一個，每個；全部，整體 例句：Wd re open every day except Sunday.除了星期天我們每天都開門營業(yè)。I ' ve been out every night this week.這個星期每天晚上我都外出。2) . used to show that something is repeated regularly(表示有規(guī)律地重復(fù)發(fā)生)每，每隔，每之中例句：The conference takes place every other/second year.會議每隔一年/兩年召

5、開一次。Computers can perform millions of calculations every second.計算機每秒鐘能進行數(shù)百萬次的運算。2. call verb /k?l/1) . to give someone or something a name, or to know or address someone by a particular name給取名，給命名；稱呼例句：They ' ve called the twins Edward and Thomas.他們給雙胞胎取名為凱瑟琳和托馬斯。What' s her new novel call

6、ed?她的新小說叫什么名字？2) . to use a phone to talk to someone打電話例句：He called （you） last night when you were out.昨晚你不雇時，他（給你）打過電話。Do you think we should call the police?你覺得我們應(yīng)該報警嗎？3) . to ask someone to come to you叫來；召，召喚例句：She called me over to where she was sitting.她把我叫到了她坐著的地方。At school she was always bein

7、g called into the headteacher ' s office.在學(xué)校時，她總是被叫到校長辦公室去。3. same adjective /se ?m/1） . exactly like another or each other相同的，同樣的例句：My twin sister and I have the same nose.我攣生姐姐的鼻子和我的長得一樣。She was wearing exactly the same dress as I was.她穿的裙子和我的一模一樣。2） . not another different place, time, situat

8、ion, person, or thing相同的，同一的例句：My brother and I sleep in the same room.我弟弟和我睡在同一個房間。They eat at the same restaurant every week.他們每個星期都在同一家餐館吃飯。4. near adverb, preposition /n ?/1） . not far away in distance（離一）不遠，靠近（地）例句：Is there a restaurant near here?這附近有火車站嗎？I ' d like to sit near a window, pl

9、ease.請給我一個靠窗的座位。2） . almost in a particular state, or condition（情況）接近地，瀕臨例句：We can decide which route to take nearer the time.到時候我們再決定走哪條路線。The runners looked near exhaustion.賽跑的人看起來快要筋疲力盡了。5. visit verb /?v.?/to go to a place in order to look at it, or to a person in order to spend time with them參觀

10、；游覽；拜訪；作客例句：Will you visit me when I' m in hospital?我住院你會來看我嗎？When did you last visit the dentist/doctor?你上一次去看牙醫(yī)/醫(yī)生是什么時候？6. interest noun /?i.tr?st/1) . the feeling of wanting to give your attention to something or of wanting to be involved with and to discover more about something興趣，關(guān)注例句：I 

11、9; ve always had an interest in astronomy.我一直對天文學(xué)感興趣。Unfortunately, I lost interest half way through the film.遺憾的是，這部電影我才看了一半就失去了興趣。2) . something that brings advantages to or affects someone or something利益，好處例句：It ' s in his interests to keep careful records.仔細做好記錄對他有好處。In the interests of safe

12、ty, please do not smoke.為了安全起見，請不要吸煙。7. soon adverb /su?n/in or within a short time; before long; quickly不久，很快例句：She' ll soon be here./She ' ll be heeHoo就至ij。I couldn ' t get out of that place soon enough.我恨不得馬上離開那個地方。8. idea noun /a?d?1) . a suggestion or plan for doing something意見，想法，主

13、意；計劃例句：I ' ve had an ideawhy don ' t we go to the coast?我有個主意一一我們?yōu)槭裁床蝗ズI呢？"Let ' s go swimming." "That ' s a good idea!"我們?nèi)ビ斡景伞?quot;好主意！ ”2) . an understanding, thought, or picture in your mind了解，明白；概念，構(gòu)想例句：Do you have any idea of what he looks like?你知道他長什么樣嗎？I d

14、on ' t like the idea of living so far away from my family.我不喜歡生活在離家這么遠的地方。9. else adverb /els/used after words beginning with any-, every-, no-, and some-, or after how, what, where, who, why, but not which, to mean ' other ' ,' another ' ,' different ' ,' extra '

15、(用于以 any-, every-, no-和 some-開頭的詞后面，或用于 how , what , where, who , why 之后, 但不用于 which之后)其他，另外，別的例句：Everybody else has agreed except for you.除了你其他人都同意了。It ' s not my bag. It must be someone else' s.這不是我的包，肯定是別人的。10. leader noun /?li?.d?/1) . a person in control of a group, country, or situatio

16、n領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人例句：He' s a natural leader.他天生就是個領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。She was elected as leader of the campaign group. 她被推舉為競選小組的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。2) . someone or something that is winning during a race or other situation where people are competing領(lǐng)先者，占優(yōu)勢者例句：He' s fallen two laps behind the leaders.他已經(jīng)落后領(lǐng)先者兩圈了。Microsoft is a world le

17、ader in software design.微軟公司在軟件設(shè)計方面處于世界領(lǐng)先地位。三、必背短語same as跟同樣mobile phone 移動電話；手機call sb.給打電話pop music 流行音樂be interested in 對感興趣 the same as 和一樣四、經(jīng)典句型1. She is the same age as Anna.她和安娜同齡。2. Her parents are doctors.她的父母是醫(yī)生。3. How old are your grandma and grandpa?你的祖父母多大年紀(jì)了？4. What do they look like?他

18、們長得怎么樣？5. What does she like?她喜歡什么？三點剖析一、考點1 . when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句1) .有 當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”的含義(=at the time that.),此時when后的從句是用來說明前面主句動作發(fā)生 的背景。例句：James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.當(dāng)我和詹姆斯講話的時候，他假裝耳聾。2) .有芷忽然的含義，表示突然發(fā)生某事。此時是when前的主句說明 when后面句子之中動詞動作發(fā)生的背景。例句：I was about to leave my office when the telephone r

19、ang.我正要離開辦公室時，忽然電話鈴響了。3) . when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，也就是when引導(dǎo)的從句不能用將來 時。例句：Your mother will blame you when she sees this mess.當(dāng)你母親看到這混亂的局面時她會責(zé)罵你的。4) . when的固定句型：was/were doing +when （引導(dǎo)的句子用過去式）：正在做什么的時候，發(fā)生了什么。when （引導(dǎo)的句子用過去進行時）+一般過去時：做什么事情的時候，另一件事情正在進行。was/were about to do +when （引導(dǎo)的句子用過去式）：正打算做什么

20、時，什么發(fā)生了。had done +when （引導(dǎo)的句子用過去式）：剛剛完成了什么，另一件事情發(fā)生了。例句：Today, I was walking when an old woman approached and asked for some loose change for a cup of tea.今天我在路上走，一個老太太過來問我能不能給她一點零錢去喝茶。The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a largepacking case lying on the floor.上午很快過

21、去了，弗蘭克正準(zhǔn)備離去，突然看見地板上放著一只體積很大的貨箱。The newsreel had almost finished when I went to the cinema.我到電影院的時候新聞片幾乎要演完了。2 .連，and & but1） . and表示并列或?qū)ΨQ的關(guān)系and可以用來連接語法作用相同的詞、短語或句子，可譯為 和“、笄”、又“、兼”等。例句：Lucy and I go to school five days a week.我和露西每周上五天學(xué)。（連接兩個并列主語）You must look after yourself and keep healthy.你必須照

22、顧自己并保持身體健康。（連接兩個并列謂語）They teach us Chinese and we teach them English.他們教我們漢語，我們教他們英語。（連接兩個簡單句）如果連接兩個以上的詞語，通常把 and放在最后一個詞語前面；為了強調(diào)，可在兩者之間分別加上and;把詞語連接起來時，通常把較短的詞語放在前面。例句：I like eggs, meat, rice, bread and milk.我喜歡雞蛋、肉、米飯、面包和牛奶。All that afternoon I jumped and sang and did all kinds of things.那天整個下午我又唱又

23、跳，做各種各樣的事情。The apples are big and delicious.蘋果又大又好吃 .有些用and連接的詞語，次序是固定的，不能隨意改變。如：men, women and children 男人、 婦女和兒童fish and chips 炸魚加炸土豆片等2） .but作連詞，可以連接兩個并列成分或兩個并列分句，意為 但是，然而"。例句：He is young but very experienced.他雖然年輕，但很有經(jīng)驗，Mary likes classical music, but her husband likes rock music.瑪麗喜歡古典音樂，而

24、她的丈夫卻喜歡搖滾樂，注意：but不能與though/although 連用。例題：Going to the movies is good,I really only like listening to music.A. andB. butC.soD. or【答案】B【解析】考查連詞，句意：去看電影很好，但是我真的只喜歡聽音樂。結(jié)合語境可知兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選Bo二、易錯點be like 和 look likebe like問性格；look like問外貌；be like范圍更大一些，有時候既問性格也問外貌。例句：What' s your sister like?你姐姐怎么樣？/你姐

25、姐是怎樣一個人？She is kind.她很善良。She is a beautiful kind girl with long hair and two big eyes.她是一個長發(fā)大眼漂亮又善良的女孩。What does your sister look like?你姐姐長什么樣子？She is tall. She has long black hair. She is very beautiful.她個子很高。她有一頭黑黑的長發(fā)。她很漂亮。She looks like her mother.她看起來象她的媽媽。（外貌）She is like her mother.她象她的媽媽。（性格）例

26、題：翻譯句子。1 .你媽媽長得怎么樣？2 .你爸爸性格怎么樣？【答案】1. What does your mother look like?2. What is your father like?【解析】考力 be like和look like的區(qū)別。be like問性格；look like問外貌。度題模精選題模一：Unitl詞匯應(yīng)用例 1.1.1 This is my sister and those are my.A.parentB.grandparentsC.auntD.uncle例1.1.2根據(jù)句意和漢語提示寫出單詞。1） . I don't have any （興趣）in y

27、our story.2） .-Do you like（流行音樂）？-Yes, I do.題模二：時間狀語從句和連詞例 1.2.1 the dinner was all over, everyone helped wash the dishes.D.WhyA.HowB.WhenC.Before例1.2.2翻譯句子。1） .我和我姐姐都很喜歡音樂。2） .我想和你一起去，但是我現(xiàn)在很忙。<3&隨堂練習(xí)隨練 1.1 I have eraser.eraser is in my bag.D.a; TheA.a; AB.an; TheC.the; An隨練 1.2 -Is that rule

28、r?-No, it isn't. It's ruler.A.you; myC.my; youB.your; hisD.you; I隨練 1.3 Tom three baseballs, but he doesn t a baseball bat.A.has; haveB.have; haveC.has; hasD.have; has隨練1.4 根據(jù)句意和漢語提示寫出單詞。1. She likes swimming, （但是）she is not good at it.3. My brother wants to keep a dog as a4. She is very （聰明

29、的）5. Who is the （領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者）6. -Would you like to play-Sure, I'd love to.7. I will get there in half an （寵物）.and she can answer all the questions. of the company?（籃球）with us?（小時）.2. We all （認為）he is a good singer.8. There is a （大學(xué)）near No.4 Middle School.隨練1.5單詞拼寫I don't like playing basketball . I

30、t's b.（2）Tom has the（能力）to do the work .（3）Canadians can speak English and F in their country .（4）It is important to know the native l when you study in another隨練1.6句型轉(zhuǎn)換He is very good at roller - skating and skateboarding .（改為同義句 ） He does.（2）We're playing ball games now .（就劃線部分提問）*（3）I can

31、 play tennis at the tennis court .（就劃線部分提問）*（4）We can play ping pong with ping pong paddles .（就戈U線音B分提問 ）隨練 1.7 -Jack have a long face?-Yes. And he is tall.A.DoesB.DoC.IsD.Are隨練 1.8 What time does Jane after school?（）A.do her homeworkB.does her homeworkC.do her homeworksD.does her homeworks隨練1.9 翻譯句

32、子。1 .他是一名很聰明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。2 .我的爺爺擅長畫畫。3.你的好朋友長什么樣子。4.他叫戴維。史密斯。戴維是他的名字史密斯是他的姓氏。5.你可以稱呼它咪咪。度能力拓展拓展 1 -your brother like apples?-, he does.A.What; YesC.Does; YesB.What; NoD.Does; No拓展 2 -Thank you for helping me with my physics.-. I hope you can do better in it.A.Good ideaC.Im not sureB.See youD.Youre welcome拓展

33、 3 -Do you have lunch at 12 :00?A.Yes, I amC.Yes, I haveB.No, I can'tD.No, I don't拓展 4 Excuse me. Can you please tell me where get a digital camera?( )A.can IB.do IC.I can拓展 5What you usually on weekends?()I usually violin .A.did; do; play theB.do; do; playC.do; did; playD.do; do; play theD.

34、I do拓展6 -?-She is tall and thin. A.What does she like B.What does she look like C.Is she tall and thin D.What is she look like拓展 7 Excuse me, to the nearest mall, please?Go staight and take the second turning on the left .()A.where the way isC.where is the wayB.which the way isD.which is the way拓展8完

35、形填空There are seven days in one week. From Monday to Friday, most people are busy 1 or studying. But2 the evenings and at weekends they are free and they can enjoy themselves. Some people 3 TV orgo to the movies, and others do sports. There are 4 different ways to spend our free time. Almost everyone

36、5 some kinds of hobbies. Some hobbies are very 6 and need much money, such as golf( 高爾夫),horseback riding (馬術(shù))and mountain climbing . But others don't 7 anything at all.That's 8 a hobby means, I think. It is9 we like to do in our free time just 10 fun. Moneyis not important in our life, but

37、the pleasure we get from our hobbies is.A. workB.to workC.workingD. to workingA. onB.inC.atD. forA. lookB.listenC.watchD. seeA. littleB.fewC.muchD. manyA. usesB.hasC.goesD. does(6)A. boringB.smallC.cheapD. expensiveA. payB.costC.spendD. take(8)A. whereB.howC.whatD. whenA. anythingB.nothingC.everythi

38、ngD. something(10)A. forB.fromC.inD. of拓展9閱讀理解Fred is a sports fan(迷).He likes all kinds of sports games. He never plays football, but he knows much about it. When there is a football game on TV, he watches it. Sometimes he does not go to school.One day, there are two games on TV. One is at 8:00in t

39、he morning, and the other begins at two in the afternoon. Fred decides to stay at home for the whole day.At 7:30, Fred's mother comes to Fred. She sees him still in bed."Is there anything wrong with you?" she asks."I am not feeling well, "Fred answers ."Shall I take you

40、to the doctor?" she asks."No. Don't worry, Mum. I will be OK soon, "says Fred."Then I'll go to work. My students are waiting for me, "she says, "If you really feel bad, do call me. OK?"Fred's mother hurries out of the room. Now Fred gets out of his bed

41、quickly.He turns on the TV and sits in front of it. How exciting ( 激動人心的 )the game is! He forgets all about his lessons.To his surprise, his mother comes back for the key to her office."Are you really ill?" she asks."Well, er I'm all right now. Sports is good medicine), "Fred

42、 says.(1)Fred is.A. a school - boyB. a school - girlC. a young workerD. a teacher(2)Fred.A. is an excellent football player (運動員)B. is good at playing footballC. likes football, but doesn't play itD. doesn't like football(3)Fred's mother is.A. an office workerB. a teacherC. a doctorD. a

43、football fan(4)Fred doesn't go to school one day becauseA. he is illB. he is afraid of all the lessonsC. he wants to watch TVD. he is tired(5)That day Fred takesA. no medicine at allB. some good medicineC little medicineD. much water .11送題模精選題模一：Unitl詞匯應(yīng)用例 1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查主謂一致，由those are可知表語部分應(yīng)該

44、用復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。例 1.1.2【答案】1) .interest2) . pop music【解析】考查本課詞匯的應(yīng)用，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。題模二：時間狀語從句和連詞例 1.2.1【答案】B【解析】考查 when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，句意：當(dāng)晚餐完全結(jié)束以后，每個人都幫助洗餐具。故選例 1.2.2【答案】1) . My sister and I like music a lot.2) .Id like to go with you, but I am busy now.【解析】考查本課語法的應(yīng)用，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。人趁隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1【答案】

45、B【解析】考查冠詞。eraser是以元音音素開頭的單詞，其前用冠詞an；再次提到這塊橡皮，用定冠詞 飾。故選B。隨練1.2【答案】B【解析】考查句意：一一那是你的尺子嗎？一一不，它不是。它是他的尺子。第一空和第二空都要用形容 詞性物主代詞。故選 B。隨練1.3【答案】A12Bothe修篡e【解析】考查動詞的正確形式，主語 Tom是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用has; doesn't之后用動詞原形。故選Ao 隨練1.4【答案】1. but2. think3. pet4. clever5. leader6. basketball7. hour8. university【解析】考查本課詞匯的應(yīng)用

46、，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。隨練1.5【答案】(1)我不喜歡打籃球，太無聊了.根據(jù)I don't like playing basketball,可知我不喜歡打籃球.由此判斷 后面說的是很無聊，這里用boring,形容詞，無聊的.(2)湯姆有能力做這項工作.根據(jù) Tom has the(能力)to do the work,可知湯姆有能力做這項工作.放在 the后面用名詞,ability,名詞，能力.(3)加拿大人在他們國家可以講英語和法語.考查名詞.結(jié)合語境"加拿大人在他們國家可以講英語和_ ." .及首字母提示，可知，應(yīng)該是"法語&q

47、uot;.(4)在其他國家學(xué)習(xí)時，懂得當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言是很重要的.考查名詞.結(jié)合語境”在其他國家學(xué)習(xí)時，懂得當(dāng)?shù)厥呛苤匾?".可知，應(yīng)該是"語言"."當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言".用單數(shù)language.【解析】boring(2)ability(3)French(4)language隨練1.6【答案】(1)考查同義句.be good at擅長可以表達為do well in在方面做得好.這里用主語是he他，一般 現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)does.(2)考查劃線部分提問.根據(jù) playing ball games打球.可知，對現(xiàn)在分詞短語提問用whatdoin?

48、做什么？疑問詞what后跟一般疑問句，are提前.第一人稱we我們，變?yōu)榈诙朔Qyou你們.劃線部分用doing代替.根據(jù)題干可知對地點進行提問，則疑問句應(yīng)選用 where,然后跟疑問句can you play tennis,注意人稱的轉(zhuǎn)(4)考查劃線部分提問.根據(jù) play ping pong打乒乓球，可知，對動詞短語提問用 what-4?做什么？疑問詞 what后跟一般疑問句，情態(tài)動詞can提前，第一人稱we我們，變第二人稱you你們.劃線部分用 do代替.【解析】(1)well in roller skating and skateboarding(2)What are you doin

49、g now?(3)Where can you play tennis?(4)What can you do with ping pong paddles?隨練1.7【答案】A【解析】考查一般疑問句。由于主語Jack是第三人稱單數(shù)，故用助動詞does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。故選 A。13隨練1.8【答案】A【解析】考查實義動詞.句意"簡放學(xué)后什么時間做作業(yè) ？".原句是特殊疑問句，謂語動詞用原形 do,因此B, D不正確.homework家庭作業(yè),不可數(shù)名詞,因此C不正確.隨練1.9【答案】1. He is a very clever leader.2. My grandfather

50、 is good at/ does well in painting.3. What does your good friend look like?4. His name is David Smith. David is his first/ given name and Smith is his last/ family name.5. You can call it Mimi.【解析】考查本課詞匯的應(yīng)用，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。Q迨能力拓展拓展i【答案】C【解析】考查一般疑問句及其答語。根據(jù)答語的形式可知問句是一般疑問句，排除A和B兩項；由于答語是肯定形式，所以用

51、Yes故選Co拓展2【答案】D【解析】考查交際用語。四個選項中，只有You re welcome.是感謝的答語。故選D。拓展3【答案】D【解析】考查一般疑問句的答語。對于 Do you he.?的一般疑問句來說，肯定回答是Yes, I do.,否定回答是No, I don I。故選 Do拓展4【答案】C【解析】根據(jù) Can you please tell me where,可知本句考查了賓語從句的用法.在賓語從句中所使用的語序應(yīng)該是陳述句語序，選項AB是疑問句語序，排除掉.這里get是實意動詞，前面應(yīng)該是情態(tài)動詞 can.拓展5【答案】D【解析】根據(jù) What you usually on w

52、eekends?這里usually用于一般現(xiàn)在時之中，主語是you,加助動詞do,后 面跟原形，play the violin表示拉小提琴.拓展6【答案】B【解析】考查特殊疑問句。根據(jù)答語“她又高又瘦”可知，問句是詢問人的長相的。故選Bo拓展7【答案】D14【解析】where的意思是"在哪里"經(jīng)常作地點狀語,which意思是"哪一個"經(jīng)常用來作定語，修飾名詞.根據(jù)"Go staight and take the second turnibng on the left ."可知上一句詢問的是哪一條路是去購物中心最近的路而不是去購物中心的路在哪里，(去購物中心的路可能有很多，現(xiàn)在需要的是最近的那條路)所以不能用where來提問，要用which來提問有關(guān)道路的問題.所以應(yīng)用固定的問路的句型which is the way to+地點.拓展8【答案】CBCDB