2020學年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語

1、2020年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié) 單項填空（共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，共 15 分）從每題所給的 ABCD 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _ , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. Thats to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。21. Volunteering gives you a chance _ l

2、ives, including your own.A. changeB. changingC. changedD. to change解析：該題考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處chance意為機會，用法為sb. get/have/be given a chance to do sth.意為有機會干某事。該題句意為，志愿活動給予你改變生活的機會，包括改變你自己的生活。答案：D22. Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs _ you could have problemsA. orB. andC. butD. so解析：該題考查連詞

3、的辨析。根據(jù)you could have problems可知，此處是虛擬語氣的用法，而選項中只有or和but是和虛擬語氣連用的，用法為：有時候，虛擬不是通過if引導的條件句來表示，而是暗含在上下文中。用otherwise，or，even though等表示與上文的情況相反，從而引出虛擬語氣。答案：A23. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made解析：該

4、題考查句子時態(tài)。本題考查學生對于時態(tài)的標志性時間狀語的掌握情況。題中over/in the past years是一般現(xiàn)在時的標志，因此選擇C項，句意為，莎士比亞的喜劇“哈姆雷特”在過去的這么多年中，已經(jīng)被制成了至少十種不同的電影。答案：C24. _ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found解析：該題考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，_ the course very difficult在句中作原因狀語（非謂語），因此排除A選項，f

5、ind的邏輯主語是she，并且存在主動關(guān)系，因此排除D選項。C選項表示目的，根據(jù)句意可以排除，因此選擇B項。答案：B25. -Do you think Mom and Dad _ late?-No, Swiss Air is usually on time.A. wereB. will beC. would beD. have been解析：該題考查一般將來時的用法。答句中的No,是根據(jù)Swiss Air is usually on time的猜測，因此可知Mon and Dad還沒有回來，答句只是根據(jù)已知的信息對將要發(fā)生的事情進行的預(yù)測，因此選擇B選項，一般將來時。答案：B26. I hav

6、e an appointment _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.A. toB. offC. withD. from解析：該題考查固定搭配。have an appointment with sb.是固定詞組，意為和某人有一個約會/約定。答案：C27. Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. A. whenB. whichC. whoseD. where解析：該題考查定語從句的用法。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，此處是定語從句

7、，修飾先行詞national parks, 先行詞在從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語，因此選擇D。答案：D28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _ us.A. expectB. are expectingC. have expectedD. will expect解析：該題考查現(xiàn)在進行時的用法。根據(jù)Hurry up!可知，we還在路上，還沒有達到預(yù)定的目的地，而在目的地有兩個人Mark and Carl在那里正等著we。因此選擇B項。答案：B29. When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at ho

8、me. A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked解析：該題考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處的block是非謂語，作road的賓語補足語，而同時road和block之前存在著被動關(guān)系，因此選擇D項。答案：D30. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _ I wanted to hire a car.A. in case B. even if C. ever sinceD. if only解析：該題考查詞組辨析。in case意為以防萬一，even if 意為即使，盡管，ever since

9、 自從，if only要是就好了/多好啊。答案：A31. _ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which解析：該題考查主語從句的用法。根據(jù).is the creative imagination of the writer可知，_ makes the book so extraordinary是一個主語從句，作is的主語。同時，從句中，makes缺少主語，因此選擇B項（what 在名詞性從句中充當主語、賓語或者表語）。答案：B32.

10、 -So what is the procedure?-All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interviewB. are interviewingC. are interviewedD. are being interviewed解析：該題考查被動語態(tài)。applicant申請人和interview面試/采訪之間是被動關(guān)系，因此排斥A和B項。根據(jù)問句，“那么，程序是怎樣的？”可知，整個過程還尚未開始，D項是現(xiàn)在進行時，意為正在發(fā)生因此排除D項。 答案：C33. Experts bel

11、ieve _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. whyB. whereC. thatD. what 解析：該題考查賓語從句的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，_ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary作believe的賓語，因此是賓語從句，從句中成分、句意完整。That在名詞性從句中不充當成分，也沒有意義，因此選擇C項。意為專家認為人們可以通過在必須的時候才購物的方式來減少浪費食物。why作原因狀語，答案：C34

12、. If we _ a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked解析：該題考查if引導的虛擬條件句的用法。根據(jù)we couldnt be standing here in a queue可知，該句是if引導的虛擬條件句。根據(jù)earlier可知，從句是對過去的虛擬，對過去虛擬時，從句應(yīng)該用had done 結(jié)構(gòu)，因此選擇D項。答案：D35. -You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain.

13、-Well, I dont know. It _ do.A. mightB. needC. wouldD. should解析：該題考查情態(tài)動詞的辨析。根據(jù) I dont know.可知，答句中含有不確定的口氣，因此應(yīng)當選擇“可能”，即A項。句意為，-你不需要帶雨傘，不會下雨的。-額，我不知道，有可能要下雨的。need意為需要， would意為將要、會，should意為應(yīng)當。其中would和should都有比較有把握，肯定的含義，故排除。答案：A第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A L

14、eap(跳躍) to Honor Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola 36 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. Thats especially impressiv

15、e, 37 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and cant 38 how far away things are. When she was little, her mom 39 that even though she couldnt see 40 , she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was thr

16、ee. She loved the 41 right away and gymnastics became her favorite. Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her tournaments, she has never quit. She doesnt let her 43 stop her from doing anything that she wants to. She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. He

17、r biggest 44 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 45 your mind that itll take you where you want to go,” says Lola. To be a top-level gymnast, one

18、 must be brave. The beam is probably the most 46 for anyone because its four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didnt fall 47 the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10- her highest score yet. Lola doesnt want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team. At the competitions, the

19、judges dont know about her vision 49 . She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 50 attitude. Lola never thinks about 51 . She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a

20、gymnastics coach to pass down what shes learned to other kids 53 she grew up. Lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. She says its helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her 55 for others is “just believe yourself”.36. A. runs B. teaches C. trains D. dances解析：根據(jù)上一句中的

21、a 13-year-old gymnast可知，Lola是一個體操運動員，因此，To perfect her skills為了練習她的體操技巧，她每天訓練（train)四個小時。run跑步 teach 教書dance跳舞與其體操運動員的身份不符。答案：C37. A. since B. unless C. after D. though解析：根據(jù)she is legally blind可知，這是她取得的成績給人留下深刻印象的原因，因此選擇A，意為因為。句意為，她在16個女孩中取得了第七名的成績。這給人們留下了深刻的印象，因為她在法定上講是盲人。unless除非，after在之后，though 盡

22、管。答案：A38. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict解析： tell告訴，辨別，斷定 guess猜測 assume假定 predict預(yù)測 根據(jù)前一句She often sees double可知，她看到的是雙重影像，因此無法辨別出物體離她有多遠。答案：A39. A. suspectedB. remembered C. imagined D. noticed解析： suspect懷疑 remember 記得 imagine想象 notice注意到 句意為：在她小的時候，她的媽媽注意到她盡管看不清東西，但是她不害怕。答案：D40. A. deeply B

23、. well C. ahead D. closely解析：根據(jù)上文的“born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double”可知，她是能看到東西的，只不過看到的是雙重影像，看不清楚，因此選擇B。 deeply 在深處，深深地，ahead在前面 closely接近地，靠近地。答案：B41. A. task B. sport C. even D. show解析：根據(jù)上文的“So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she w

24、as three”可知，她的媽媽在她三歲的時候，給她報名參加體操訓練，因此，此處指的是她立刻喜歡上了這項運動。task任務(wù) event事件或者比賽項目（此處文中僅指訓練，未談及比賽），show表演秀。答案：B42. A. boring B. enjoyable C. difficult D. unsatisfactory解析：根據(jù)該句的though（盡管），和后文的she has never quit可知，此處句意為，盡管學習體操對她來說比其他比賽更加困難，但是她從沒有放棄過。boring 無聊 enjoyable令人愉快的 unsatisfactory令人不滿意的，均不符合題意。答案：C43

25、. A. talent B. quality C. nature D. condition解析：根據(jù)上文的“she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly”可知，此處指的是她視力差的這種不利狀況（情況）。talent才能 quality 品質(zhì) nature自然 本性 condition （健康）狀況。答案：D44.A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. program解析：根據(jù)下文的“Because she has double

26、 vision, she often sees two beams”可知，因為她有雙重影像，因此她經(jīng)?？吹絻蓚€橫梁，因此平衡木對她來說是最大的一個挑戰(zhàn)，故選擇C。 doubt 懷疑 advantage優(yōu)點 challenge挑戰(zhàn) program 程序，計劃。 答案：C45. A. examineB. express C. open D. trust解析：根據(jù)上文的“She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine”可知，她視力不好，只能依靠自己的感覺，因此，她說“你不得不相信/信任（trust) 你的內(nèi)心，它可以帶你去

27、任何你想去的地方”。examine檢查 express表達 open打開 trust信任，相信。故選擇D。答案：D46.A. fearful B. harmful C. unfair D. inconvenient解析：根據(jù)上文的“To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave”要想成為一個頂尖的體操運動員，運動員必須要勇敢，可知，要求體操運動員勇敢，需要勇氣，就說明這項運動會讓人害怕，即fearful 令人害怕的 harmful有害的 unfair不公平的 inconvenient 不方便的。答案：A47. A. to B. on C. off D.

28、 against解析：該題考查介詞搭配。fall off 意為跌落，此處意為，在州比賽中，Lola沒有從平衡木上跌落下來。答案：C48. A. greeted B. treated C. served D. paid解析：根據(jù)下文的“At the competitions, the judges dont know about her vision _. She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know” 可知，她在比賽的時候沒有告訴裁判關(guān)于她視力方面的問題，因為她認為裁判不需要知道，因為她不想讓裁判做出有別于其他

29、選手的對待。greet致意 treat 對待 serve服務(wù) pay付錢。答案：B49. A. pains B. stresses C. injuries D. problems解析：句意參考上題。Vision problems意為視力上的問題 pain指的是痛苦，疼痛 stress壓力 injuries指的是受傷。答案：D50. A. positive B. friendly C. flexible D. caution解析：根據(jù)上文的“She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know.”Lola沒有告訴裁判關(guān)于

30、她眼睛的問題，因為她認為裁判不需要知道，她想和其他人一樣比賽。這說明她沒有因為眼睛視力的問題而沮喪，相反她保持這積極的態(tài)度，認為自己和其他人一樣好。因此，她的母親對她的這種積極、樂觀的態(tài)度感到很驚訝。答案：A51. A. defendingB. quitting C. winning D. bargaining解析：根據(jù)上文她積極、樂觀的態(tài)度，和下文的“Her _ is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach”她的目標是要達到九級，她說她要成為一名體操教練，因此，她從沒想過要放棄（quit)。答案：B52. A

31、. standardB. range C. view D. goal解析：上文講到現(xiàn)在她達到了七級水平，而此處to reach level 9則指的是她的目標，即goal。答案：D53. A. until B. as C. when D. before解析：該句句意為，她說她想要成為一名體操教練，把她所學到的傳給其他的孩子，當她長大成人的時候(when)。答案：C54. A. proud B. tired C. ashamed D. confident解析：be proud of 以為驕傲 be tired of對感到厭倦 be ashamed of 對感到羞恥 be confident of

32、對感到自信、確信。答案：A55. A. plan B. advice C. reward D. Responsibility解析：plan計劃 advice 建議 reward報酬 responsibility責任 句意為，她通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，想告訴人們一個道理，或者說她通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，給人們一個善意的建議，就是“相信自己”。答案：B第三部分：閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，20 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文：從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AEP Portable HeaterWe all know that the cost of

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35、urning up oxygen.The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater

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37、r 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.Take action right now!56. What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?A. the heat of the EP B. the safety of the EPC.

38、 the appearance of the EP D. the material of the EP解析：由第二句中“.so that it will not burn children or pets.” 可知the EP不會對孩子或?qū)櫸镌斐蓚?，因此講的是EP的安全性。因此選B。答案：B57. From the passage, we can learn that the EP _.A. doesnt burn up oxygen B. runs without any noiseC. makes people get sleepy D. is unsuitable for childr

39、en and pets解析：根據(jù)第三段“The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room”及“.because they are burning up oxygen”與其它燃氣相比the EP燃燒不會消耗室內(nèi)的氧氣，因此選A。答案：A58. The underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means _. A. continuously B. separatelyC. quickly D. equally解析：根據(jù)句中“.wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it com

40、fortably covers an area up to 350 square feet.”可知其燃燒是從墻壁到天花板每個角落都有，因此可推斷出其燃燒的很均勻。因此選D表均勻地，平衡地。答案：D59. The main purpose of the passage is to _. A. persuade people to buy the productB. advise people to save on heating billsC. report the new development of portable heatersD. compare the difference of d

41、ifferent heart brands解析：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段開頭“Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. ”可知現(xiàn)在商家現(xiàn)在正在搞活動，并且在最后一段“Take action right now!”即“請立即行動吧！”可知此篇文章的目的是勸說人們買這個產(chǎn)品。答案：ABTaIL Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The

42、 smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that shes even swimming at all. She doesnt have a tail. Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at

43、the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it - but her tail didnt. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without h

44、er tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way-like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side. The movement put harmful pressure on Graces backbone. So a company offered to create a

45、 man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldnt hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she we

46、ars it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(動作) and build muscles(肌肉).” Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that

47、 focus on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage.60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her _. A. physica

48、l build B. potential abilityC. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings.解析：根據(jù)第二段中“.she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst可知當Grace海豚剛到海洋公園的時候它正在為生命奮斗著，訓練員擔心它能否能撐過去，因此選C，擔心它生存的幾率。答案：C61. A man-made tail is created for Grace to _

49、. A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimmingD. help her perform better tricks解析：根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“The tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(動作) and build muscles(肌肉).” 可知這個人造尾巴未必會讓Grace感到舒服，但是會幫助他保持動作的幅度和鍛煉

50、肌肉，因此可推斷此題ABD錯誤，選C即“調(diào)節(jié)它游泳的方式”。答案：C62. The story of Grace inspires people to _.A. stick to their dreams B. treat animals friendlyC. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely解析：根據(jù)文章最后一句“Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage.”即Grace的故事給人們更多的勇氣，可推斷出這個故事激勵著人們要勇敢

51、的面對困難。因此選D。答案：DCDoes Fame Drive You Crazy? Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, todays star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi(狗仔隊) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tablo

52、ids(小報) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities famous people worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, the

53、y start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th cen

54、tury B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a