初中虛擬語氣講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與答案帶解析

1、虛擬語氣講解語氣（mood）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語中的語氣有三種：陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。直陳語氣（indicative mood）,表示所說的話是事實(shí)。祈使語氣（imperative mood）,表示所說的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語氣（subjunctive mood）,表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相 反的假設(shè)等。.虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句（或稱虛擬條件句）兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述

2、語氣。如： If it doesn ' train tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oil floats if you pour it on water.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If主語+動(dòng)詞過去式（be的過去式用 were）should (would, might , could)+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反If主語+had+過去分詞should ( would, might , could ) + h

3、ave +過去分詞與將來事實(shí)可能相反If主語+動(dòng)詞過去式（be的過去式用were）; should + 動(dòng)詞原形； were to + 動(dòng)詞原 形should (would, might , could )+動(dòng)詞原形1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動(dòng)詞的過去式（be的過去式用were）,主句的謂語用should （would, might , could ） + 動(dòng)詞原形。如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。（事實(shí)是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he c

4、ame here, he might be able to help you.如果他來這，他就能夠幫助你了。（事實(shí)是：他沒來這，他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。2. 與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用could ） + have 過去分詞。had+ 過去分詞，主句的謂語用should （ would, might如： She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。（事實(shí)是：當(dāng)時(shí)沒有人邀請(qǐng)她，因此，她沒有來參加聚會(huì)。表示后悔。）If she hadn't cal

5、led me, I would have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會(huì)睡過頭了。（事實(shí)是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒有睡過頭。表示感激。）3. 與將來事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動(dòng)詞的過去式（be 的過去式用were） ； should 動(dòng)詞原形；were to 動(dòng)詞原形，主句用should （ would, might ， could ） +動(dòng)詞原形。如：If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是二十歲，我就

6、會(huì)學(xué)法語。（事實(shí)是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語了。）If it should fail, I would try again. 要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。（ 事實(shí)是： 有可能失敗，可我會(huì)再試。表示未知。）虛擬語氣專練3.1 enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading2 .You are late. If you a few minutes earlier you him.A.

7、 come ,would meet B. had come, would have metC. come, will meet D. had come, would meet3 .The two students talked as if they friends for years.A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been4.1 t is important that I with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak5.He look

8、ed as if he ill for a long time.A. was B. were C. has been D. had been6.1 f the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not .A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours7.1 wish that I with you last night

9、.A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone8.Let s say you could go there again how feelA. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you9.1 can t stand him. He always talks as though he everythin g.A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known10. the fog we should have reached our school.A. Be

10、cause of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for11.1 f you had told me in advance I him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish heme how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D.

11、 would teach13.1 would have told him the answer had it been possible but I so busy then.A. had been B. were C. was D. would be14.He s working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.1 f it another ten minutes the game would have been ca

12、lled off.A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seenD. rained16 .He suggested that they use a trick instead of fighting.A. Should B. would C. do D. had17 .My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he there.A. not went B. won t go C. not go D. not to go18.1 would have gone to the

13、 meeting if I time.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had19 .Would you rather I buying a new bikeA. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided D. shall decide against20 .You look so tired tonight. It is time you A. go to sleepB. went to sleep C. go to bed D. went to bedenough mo

14、ney.21. Why didn t you buy a new car I wo uld have bought one if IA. had B. have had22.1 f she could sew .A. she make a dressC. she will make a shirtC. would have D. had hadB. she would have made a shirtD. she would had made a coat23. today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he le

15、aving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 24.His doctor suggested that he a short trip abroad.A. will take B. would take C. take D. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they d only let us know earlierat the station.A. we d meet themB. we ll meet themC. we d have met themD. we ve met them26.1 f I

16、 you I more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was, shall pay B. am, will pay C. would be, would pay D. were, would pay27 .We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A. have not given B. would not give C. had not given D. did not give28 .The law requires that everyone his car checked at l

17、east once a year.A. has B. had C. have D. will have29.1 t is strange that he so.A. would say B. would speak C. should say D. will speak30 .Had I known her name A. or does she know mine B. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch.31 .He has just arrived b

18、ut he talks as if he all about that.A. know B. knows C. known D. knew32.1 f I the money I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessed B. owned C. had D. had had33 .He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting.A. would come B. cameC. would have come D. will come34 .The librarian insist

19、s that John no more books from the library before he returns all thebooks he has borrowed.A. will take B. took C. take D. takes35.1 left very early last night but I wish I so early.A. didn t leaveB. hadn t left C. haven t left D. couldn t leave36.1 do not have a job. I would find one but I no time.A

20、. had B. didn t have C. had had D. have37.1 wish that you such a bad headache because I m sure that you would have enjoyed theconcert.A. hadn t B. didn t have had C. hadn t had D. hadn t have38 .He insisted that we all in his office at one o clock.A. be B. to be C. would be D. shall be39 . - Helen c

21、ouldn t go to France after all.-That s too bad. I m sure she would have enjoyed it if .A. she s gone B. she ll go C. she d gone D. she d go40.1 must go there earlier. John has suggested that I an hour before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go11 15 CDCAA16 20 ACAAD1 5 BBDA

22、D6 10 DDCAD21 25 DBCCC26 30 DCCCD31 35 DDCCB36 39 DCAC解析：1 .wish 后面用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。2 . 條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。3 .as if 后面如果表示真實(shí)情況就不用虛擬。4.It is important that 是主語從句的虛擬語氣，從句用sb. should do 的形式。5.as if 后面是真實(shí)情況，不虛擬。6.lain 是 lie 的過去分詞，表示“躺 ”。7 .could have done 表示 “本來可以”。8 . 與將來相反的虛擬語氣，主句用過

23、去將來時(shí)。9 .as if 表示不可能發(fā)生的事情時(shí)用虛擬語氣。10 .but for表示 要不是的話”，通常與虛擬語氣搭配使用。11 .in advance 表示 “事先 ”，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。12 .wish 的賓語從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時(shí)。13 .but 的并列句表示真實(shí)情況，不用虛擬語氣。14 .for fear that 后面的狀語從句用sb. should do 的形式。15 . 表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。16 .suggest 后面的賓語從句用sb. should do 的形式。17 .suggest 后面的從句用sb. shou