(完整word版)2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題完整版(第3套)(2)

1、2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題完整版（第 3套）Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part n Listening C

2、omprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the

3、 four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.本次四級考試只有2套聽力Part mReading Comprehension( 40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each

4、blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may

5、 not use any of the words in the bank more than onc eQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Just becausethey can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There s no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most _26_ preda

6、tors食肉動物),killer whales may not fit the _27_ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly _28_ behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word culture" comes from the Latin colere," which _29_ means to cultivate." In

7、 other words, it refers to anything that is _30_ or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals o

8、f the Arctic, the Eskimos ofGreenland have developed certain genetic _31_ that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to _32_ in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different _33_ across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the

9、 planet, with an empire that _34_ from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey(獵物).This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to _35_ that the ability t

10、o learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals genetic development.A) acquiredB) adaptationsC) brutalD) deliberatelyE) expressedF) extends G) habitats H) humbleI) imageJ) literallyK) refinedL) revolvesM) speculateN) structureO) thriveSection BDirections: In this section, yo

11、u are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by m

12、arking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18- to34- year-oldsA Broad demographic (人口的)shifts is marital status, educational attainment andemployment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Researc

13、h Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives where they call home. In 2014,for the first time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents home than they were to be living with a spous

14、e or partner in their own household.B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic pa

15、rtner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation s 18-to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.C By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with

16、a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such as a grandparent, in-law or si

17、bling ( 兄弟姐妹), a non-relative, or in group quarters likecollege dormitories.D It s worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation s 18-to 34-year-olds lived with mom and

18、/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.E Among young adults, living arrangem

19、ents differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, In 2014,28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, howe

20、ver, are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romantic partner(35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).F In 2014, more young women (16%) than young men (13%) were heading up a household without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to

21、 be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men (25%) are more likely than young women (19%) to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.G A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increasein the share of young. A

22、dults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as

23、 many as one-in-four of todasyyoung adult may never marry. While cohabitation(同居)has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contri

24、buted to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades.The shar

25、e of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to-34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young men s wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory (軌跡) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. Aswages have fallen, t

26、he share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.I Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected

27、 to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.J The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated wit

28、h an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weat

29、her the economic storm.K Beyond gender, young adult s living arrangements differ considerable by education which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelor s degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36%

30、 of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor s degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a college deg

31、ree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.L Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.37.In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with the

32、ir parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.M The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so.N Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents home.O Young adults

33、with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.P Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.Q More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayedmarriage.R The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grow

34、n due to their decreased pay in recent decades.S The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.45.One reasonfor young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives.Section CDirections : There are 2 passages in th

35、is section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to

36、 50 are based on the following passage.According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,

37、most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business

38、in the United States? According to the public, at least, its not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.It s also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it

39、harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women s family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren t more females i

40、n top leadership positions in business and politics.Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselve

41、s. Similar shares say the electorat建民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made majoradvances in the wor

42、kplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say its only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in the

43、ir lifetime.46.What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?A) They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B) They have to strive harder to win their positions.C) They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.D) They are just as intelligent and in

44、novative as men.47.What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A) They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B) They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.C) Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D) Relatively

45、 few are hindered in their career advancement.48.What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?A) Personality traits.B) Gender bias.C) Family responsibilities.D) Lack of vacancies.49.What does the passage say about corporate America in t

46、he near future?A) More and more women will sit in the boardroom.B) Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C) The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D) People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.50.What do most Americans expect

47、to see soon on Americ sa political stage?A) A woman in the highest position of government.B) More and more women actively engaged in politics.C) A majority of women voting for a female president.D) As many women in top government positions as men.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the follow

48、ing pa ssage.People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining. 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and 2014.The results reveal that while Swedes were the tal

49、lest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Latvian women. Meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm.James Bentham, a co-author of the r

50、esearch from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare.“ An individual s genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key ro”leh, e added.A little extra

51、 height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. “Being taller is associatedwith longer life expectancy”, he said. “This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular( 心血管的)disease among tallerpeople.”But while height has increased around the world, the trend

52、in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.“One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situati

53、on in the 198” 0s, said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believe the global trend of increasing height has important implications. “How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in, ” he said. “If we give c