東風(fēng)節(jié)制閘設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)含圖紙

1、水閘畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū) 1東風(fēng)節(jié)制閘設(shè)計(jì)原始數(shù)據(jù) 2設(shè)計(jì)總說(shuō)明 4第一章水閘樞紐布置 121.1 總體布置121.1.1 水閘位置時(shí)應(yīng)考慮的幾個(gè)因素 131.2 結(jié)構(gòu)布置131.2.1 閘室的結(jié)構(gòu)布置 131.2.2 兩岸連接布置 141.2.3 防滲排水布置 141.2.4 消能防沖布置 15第二章水閘的水力計(jì)算 162.1 閘孔設(shè)計(jì)162.1.1 上下游水位的確定 162.1.2 閘孔尺寸設(shè)計(jì) 182.1.3 堰型選擇 192.1.4 閘墩厚度的選擇 202.1.5 水閘泄流能力校核 202.2 消能防沖設(shè)計(jì)212.2.1 節(jié)制閘泄流特點(diǎn)： 212.2.2 消能設(shè)計(jì)條件 212.2.3 水閘的

2、消能方式 222.2.4 消力池設(shè)計(jì) 232.2.5 海漫設(shè)計(jì) 282.2.6 防沖槽設(shè)計(jì) 302.3 防滲排水設(shè)計(jì)312.3.1 防滲設(shè)施布置 312.3.2 閘基防滲長(zhǎng)度校核 342.3.3 排水設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì) 37第三章 閘室及地基的抗滑穩(wěn)定計(jì)算 383.1 閘室輪廓尺寸的確定383.1.1 閘頂高程與閘門(mén)高度 383.1.2 底板形式及尺寸 393.1.3 閘墩 403.1.4 啟閉設(shè)備 413.1.5 工作橋 423.1.6 交通橋 433.1.7 各部分重量計(jì)算 433.1.8 分逢與止水 443.2 閘室穩(wěn)定計(jì)算443.2.1 作用于閘室上的荷載和組合 453.2.2 閘室基底應(yīng)力、

3、抗傾及抗滑穩(wěn)定驗(yàn)算 473.2.3 閘基深層滑動(dòng)及地基沉降量計(jì)算 52第四章平面鋼閘門(mén)設(shè)計(jì) 534.1 平面鋼閘門(mén)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及布置4.1.1 閘門(mén)尺寸的確定4.1.2 主梁的形式4.1.3 主梁的布置4.1.4 梁格的布置和形式.4.1.5 聯(lián)結(jié)系的布置和形式4.1.6 邊梁與行走支承535454545555554.2 面板設(shè)計(jì)554.2.1 估算面板厚度 554.2.2 面板與梁格的連接計(jì)算 574.3 水平次梁、頂梁和底梁的設(shè)計(jì)574.3.1 荷載與力計(jì)算 574.3.2 截面選擇 594.3.3 水平次梁的強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算 604.3.4 水平次梁的撓度驗(yàn)算 604.3.5 頂梁和底梁 614.

4、4 主梁的設(shè)計(jì)614.4.1 設(shè)計(jì)資料 614.4.2 截面選擇 614.4.3 截面改變 644.4.4 翼緣焊縫644.4.5 腹板的加勁肋和局部穩(wěn)定驗(yàn)算 644.4.6 面板局部彎曲與主梁整體彎曲的折算應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算 644.5 橫隔板設(shè)計(jì)654.5.1 荷載和力計(jì)算 654.5.2 橫隔板截面選擇和強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 654.6 縱向聯(lián)結(jié)系設(shè)計(jì)664.6.1 荷載和力計(jì)算 664.6.2 斜桿截面計(jì)算 674.7 邊梁設(shè)計(jì)674.7.1 荷載和力計(jì)算 684.7.2 邊梁的強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算 684.8 行走支承設(shè)計(jì)694.8.1 . 膠木滑塊尺寸確定 69704.8.2 確定軌道底板的寬度4.8.3 確定軌道

5、底板厚度 704.9 . 閘門(mén)啟閉力與吊座計(jì)算704.9.1 啟門(mén)力計(jì)算 704.10 . 導(dǎo)向裝置設(shè)計(jì)714.10.1 止水 714.11 閘門(mén)啟閉力與吊座計(jì)算724.11.1 吊軸和吊耳板驗(yàn)算 72第五章 翼墻的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 745.1 翼墻的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)745.1.1 上游翼墻的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 745.1.2 岸墻的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 775.1.3 下游翼墻的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 785.1.4 上游翼墻的防滲設(shè)施及下游翼墻的排水設(shè)施設(shè)計(jì) 795.1.5 翼墻防滲和排水的布置 795.1.6 止水的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和排水設(shè)備的構(gòu)造 80水閘畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)1 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的目的和要求畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)工作中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐

6、力求達(dá)到如下目的與要求：鞏固、加深、擴(kuò)大所學(xué)的基本理論和專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，并使其進(jìn)一步系統(tǒng)化。1 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)解決實(shí)際工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題的能力，要求掌握設(shè)計(jì)原則、設(shè)計(jì)方法和步驟。2 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考、獨(dú)立工作的能力。通過(guò)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)加強(qiáng)計(jì)算、繪圖、編寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)文件、使用規(guī)等方面的能力。2 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)容1 根據(jù)基本數(shù)據(jù)及水閘樞紐的使用要求，確定水閘的樞紐布置及組成結(jié)構(gòu)的型式與尺寸。2 針對(duì)水閘樞紐，進(jìn)行水力計(jì)算、防滲設(shè)計(jì)和穩(wěn)定計(jì)算。對(duì)組成水閘的各構(gòu)件進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算及配筋設(shè)計(jì)。3 平面鋼閘門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)。3 設(shè)計(jì)成果完成設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)及計(jì)算書(shū)各一份，工程設(shè)計(jì)圖紙4。1 總體布置平面圖， （繪于地形圖上）；2 縱向剖面圖與平面布

7、置圖；3 水閘上、下游立視和主要細(xì)部大樣圖；4 平面鋼閘門(mén)上、下游立視、側(cè)視及俯視圖（包括門(mén)槽及埋件、軌道、止水、止水座、護(hù)角），材料表（將門(mén)葉構(gòu)件依次編號(hào)逐項(xiàng)填入表中，包括名稱(chēng)、形狀、規(guī)格、數(shù)量），說(shuō)明。東風(fēng)節(jié)制閘設(shè)計(jì)原始數(shù)據(jù)1 設(shè)計(jì)概況東風(fēng)水閘位于我國(guó)北方A河右岸河畔上的一座中型節(jié)制水閘，其功用為攔蓄部分洪水，以補(bǔ)充地下水及解決農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水。2 工程簡(jiǎn)況1 閘址位置：A河為一古老河道，彎彎曲曲，河道呈 S彎狀；選S彎的兩個(gè)凸岸為閘址較為適當(dāng)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)是地域開(kāi)闊，工程布置在自然土基上，施工導(dǎo)流與主體工程施工無(wú)干擾，閘址基本在河道中心線上。其缺陷為上、下游連接段較長(zhǎng)，工程量較大。2 工程規(guī)模：該水

8、利工程按5 年一遇洪水設(shè)計(jì)，20 年一遇洪水校核，引渠邊坡m=2縱坡i=1/4000,渠底高程46.8米，設(shè)計(jì)流量Q設(shè)=129.4立方 米/秒。校核流量Q校二237立方米/秒，最高設(shè)計(jì)蓄水位51.6米，一 次蓄水量50 萬(wàn)立方米，灌溉農(nóng)田面積3.5 萬(wàn)畝。3 地形情況閘區(qū)西部位于丘陵地區(qū)，西高東低，地面坡度為1/4001/1000,東部為沖積平原，地勢(shì)較平坦，地面坡度為 1/25001/4000。4 工程地質(zhì)情況在閘址圍鉆孔5 個(gè)，孔深20米，總進(jìn)尺100.9 米，取原狀樣5個(gè)，散狀樣24 個(gè)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗(yàn)56個(gè)，作以上土樣的物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn)及擊實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)各一組。試驗(yàn)表明：閘基處土層為河湖相沉積物，N

9、63. 5=11, 地質(zhì)自上而下劃分為五個(gè)工程地質(zhì)單元。第 I 單元， 表層為耕植壤土，厚1.0 米，可塑。其下為壤土、黏土及砂壤土 , 總厚 3.54.8 米，底板標(biāo)高在46.947.3 米之間。第 II 單元 , 自上而下為淤泥質(zhì)壤土、砂壤土、裂隙粘土，總厚度3.44.0米 , 底板高程在43.0643.08 米，分布連續(xù)穩(wěn)定。第 III 單元 , 巖性主要為淤泥質(zhì)壤土, 總厚 2.54.2 米，底版高程在39.340.3 米 , 土質(zhì)均勻, 可塑 . 有自然孔洞, 中高壓縮性, 頂部有零星分布的砂壤土 , 底部局部分布有黏土。第 IV 單元 , 巖性主要為砂壤土, 夾薄層壤土, 還有零星

10、分布的細(xì)砂層, 總厚度3.84.8 米 , 底板高程35.636.8 米。第V單元，巖性主要為裂隙黏土和裂隙壤土 ，頂高程35.636.8米，分布穩(wěn)定,局部夾薄層粉砂。閘底板高程與河床齊平在46.8 米處 , 相當(dāng)于第II 工程地質(zhì)單元頂部, 持力層影響圍的第II、III、IV、V單元土的壓縮性不均，一般土層為中偏低壓縮性， 建筑物主要持力層地基土為軟塑的淤泥質(zhì)壤土及連續(xù)分布的裂隙土?？碧絿?, 地下水初見(jiàn)水位埋深3.54.3 米， 有微弱承壓性, 施工時(shí)注意預(yù)降地下水位 , 防止 II,III 單元土層破壞。五 . 水文氣象由水文分析, 東風(fēng)閘以上流域面積877.7km2, 其區(qū) 471.3

11、 km2, 平原406.4 km2,年徑流量95%年份有317 萬(wàn)立方米, 扣除60%沿途水量損失及0.7 的不均勻系數(shù),還有 88.8 萬(wàn)立方米, 滿足本閘一年一次蓄水量, 保證灌溉效益。該區(qū)平均氣溫12 度 , 年平均降雨量571 毫米 , 最大降雨量1510 毫米 , 最小降雨量 129.5 毫米,70%集中在7、 8、 9三個(gè)月 , 多年平均蒸發(fā)量931 毫米 , 該區(qū)風(fēng)速一般在 4m/s, 最大風(fēng)速13m/s, 吹程 150 m, 無(wú)霜期平均220天。六 交通情況閘本身無(wú)專(zhuān)門(mén)交通要求, 考慮農(nóng)田耕作及水閘自身施工運(yùn)行要求設(shè)人行便橋。七 設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)地基土壤物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)及力學(xué)指標(biāo)流限WT=

12、25.6%塑限WP=17.2%塑性系數(shù)I P=8地基壓縮模量E =90 Kg/cm2含水量W=31.3%孔隙比e=0.73地基承載力（r=15T/mi閘底板與地基土摩擦系數(shù)f=0.35上下游引渠糙率n =0.0i5引渠邊坡系數(shù)（ 上 , 下游 ） m=i鋼筋混凝土容重r=i.5T/m3滲透系數(shù)KT=1.1x10-6 m/s凝聚力 （ 室值 ） C=iT/mi摩擦角（室值）0 =16 °濕容重 r 濕 =1.75T/m 3飽和容重r飽=1 .90T/m3干容重 r 干 =1.6T/m 3浮容重 r 浮 =1.0T/m3夯實(shí)回填土摩擦角0=25°引渠底寬（ 上 , 下游 ） b

13、=i8m混凝土容重r=2.4T/m3設(shè)計(jì)總說(shuō)明水閘是灌排工程的主要建筑物之一，它是一種利用閘門(mén)進(jìn)行擋水或泄水的低水頭水工建筑物，既可控制流量又可調(diào)節(jié)水位。關(guān)閉閘門(mén)時(shí)，它可攔洪蓄水，擋潮或抬高閘前水位；開(kāi)啟閘門(mén)時(shí)，又可泄洪、排澇或?qū)ο掠魏拥阑蚯拦┧?這 次我們主要設(shè)計(jì)修建在平原河道上的節(jié)制閘。節(jié)制閘一般跨越河道修建，用于枯水期蓄水，抬高水位以供進(jìn)水閘取水，洪水期開(kāi)閘泄洪。在渠系中一般位于支、斗渠分水口稍下游，跨越干、支渠修建，用于抬高干、支渠水位，供支、斗渠取水。本次設(shè)計(jì)主要分為以下六部分：1、分析資料及水閘樞紐布置已提供的資料是設(shè)計(jì)的基本依據(jù)，為使設(shè)計(jì)成果安全、適用、經(jīng)濟(jì)，首先應(yīng)熟悉并分析

14、各種資料，如地形、 地質(zhì)情況，各有關(guān)高程，特征水位及相應(yīng)流量等，然后根據(jù)閘址地形、地質(zhì)、水流等條件以及該樞紐中各建筑物的功能、特點(diǎn)、運(yùn)用要求，確定樞紐布置，做到緊湊合理，協(xié)調(diào)美觀，組成整體效益最大的有機(jī)聯(lián)合體。2、水力計(jì)算主要包括閘孔設(shè)計(jì)、消能防沖設(shè)計(jì)、防滲排水設(shè)計(jì)。閘孔設(shè)計(jì)首先根據(jù)上面擬定的水閘型式及設(shè)計(jì)流量，確定閘孔凈寬及適宜孔數(shù)。然后再驗(yàn)算初擬閘孔尺寸的過(guò)流量是否滿足泄流要求。消能防沖設(shè)計(jì)為了消除水流過(guò)閘后的能量，設(shè)計(jì)了消力池、海漫和防沖槽。消力池：計(jì)算在設(shè)計(jì)蓄水位下，閘門(mén)在各種運(yùn)行工況和不同開(kāi)啟高度時(shí)的泄流量，確定是否設(shè)消力池。若需設(shè)置則根據(jù)消能條件，計(jì)算消力池深、 長(zhǎng)、底板厚度及所用

15、建筑材料。海漫：消力池能消除水流50%的能量，其余能量由海漫消除，根據(jù)水閘不同泄量的水力計(jì)算，布置海漫，確定長(zhǎng)度及建筑材料。防沖槽： 計(jì)算海漫末端河床沖刷深度，設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算防沖槽斷面形狀、尺寸、確定拋石量及護(hù)坡砌置深度。防滲排水設(shè)計(jì)首先擬定水閘地下輪廓線型式，初步計(jì)算所需長(zhǎng)度，然后依次確定閘室底板、鋪蓋長(zhǎng)度及材料，設(shè)計(jì)反濾層及排水孔位置，最后計(jì)算閘基滲透壓力，繪制滲透壓力分布圖。3、閘室的布置設(shè)計(jì)及閘室穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算閘室輪廓尺寸確定由水力條件及水閘功用，確定閘室總寬、閘頂高程、閘墩、閘門(mén)、底板的型式與尺寸，閘室上部結(jié)構(gòu)的工作橋、交通橋、啟閉設(shè)備的型式與尺寸。閘室穩(wěn)定計(jì)算選取計(jì)算單元，計(jì)算作用于閘室的荷

16、載，并按計(jì)算條件進(jìn)行組合。分別按完建期， 正常蓄水期，正常蓄水加特殊荷載組合三種工況進(jìn)行閘室抗滑穩(wěn)定性和地基承載力驗(yàn)算，并對(duì)地基應(yīng)力分布狀態(tài)及沉降差進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析，判斷水閘地基是否滿足承載力、抗滑穩(wěn)定和變形要求。閘基深層滑動(dòng)及地基沉降量計(jì)算根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)資料給出的土壤物理力學(xué)特性指標(biāo)，驗(yàn)算在荷載作用下基礎(chǔ)是否發(fā)生帶動(dòng)一部分地基土向下游深層滑動(dòng)，并確定是否進(jìn)行地基沉降量計(jì)算。4、兩岸連接建筑物岸、翼墻的結(jié)構(gòu)型式，布置及穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算由閘室的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸及地基條件，確定岸、翼墻的平面布置型式，結(jié)構(gòu)型式，斷面尺寸。按完建期和正常蓄水期兩種工況，對(duì)岸、翼墻的地基承載力，基底最大最小應(yīng)力比值及基底面抗滑穩(wěn)定進(jìn)行計(jì)算。上

17、游翼墻的防滲設(shè)施及下游翼墻的排水設(shè)施設(shè)計(jì)。5、閘室結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算閘墩應(yīng)力分析將閘墩視為固接于底板上的懸臂梁，以閘墩和底板的結(jié)合面作為計(jì)算控制面， 分別按運(yùn)用期（閘門(mén)關(guān)閉擋水）和檢修期 （一孔檢修其它孔過(guò)水）兩種工況，計(jì)算中墩墩底水平截面垂直正應(yīng)力、剪應(yīng)力、 門(mén)槽應(yīng)力、墩底水平截面?zhèn)认驊?yīng)力，并分析計(jì)算結(jié)果，進(jìn)行配筋設(shè)計(jì)。底板應(yīng)力分析以閘門(mén)為界，將底板分為上下兩部分，分別在兩部分中央垂直水流方向取單寬板條進(jìn)行分析。按完建期和運(yùn)用期兩種工況，計(jì)算作用于板條上的荷載。包括底板自重，中、邊墩及上部結(jié)構(gòu)重，水重，揚(yáng)壓力及不平衡剪力并對(duì)其進(jìn)行分配， 按彈性地基梁郭氏法查表計(jì)算，求得地基反力及計(jì)算板條各截面的力，分

18、析計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行底板配筋設(shè)計(jì)。6、平面鋼閘門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)門(mén)葉結(jié)構(gòu)門(mén)葉結(jié)構(gòu)布置：確定門(mén)葉結(jié)構(gòu)所需的各種構(gòu)件，數(shù)目及所在位置，梁格及聯(lián)結(jié)系的型式、連接方式，行走支承及邊梁的型式。面板設(shè)計(jì)：在充分發(fā)揮面板強(qiáng)度的前提下，設(shè)計(jì)一經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的面板厚度 并在主梁截面確定之后校核面板的局部彎曲與整體彎曲的折算應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度。水平次梁、頂、底梁設(shè)計(jì)：均采用型鋼。由各構(gòu)件的力，選擇各梁的截 面，并進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度、剛度驗(yàn)算。主梁設(shè)計(jì)：確定主梁數(shù)目、位置、截面型式，斷面尺寸，截面改變，翼 緣焊縫設(shè)計(jì)及主梁局部穩(wěn)定驗(yàn)算。豎直次梁及橫縱向聯(lián)結(jié)系設(shè)計(jì)：確定其型式及位置，由力計(jì)算選擇截面 尺寸及強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算。邊梁設(shè)計(jì)：由行走支承確定邊梁結(jié)構(gòu)型式，按構(gòu)造

19、要求設(shè)計(jì)邊梁，并對(duì) 其危險(xiǎn)截面進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核。行走支承設(shè)計(jì)：確定其結(jié)構(gòu)型式、尺寸，并進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算。導(dǎo)向裝置設(shè)計(jì)：確定反、側(cè)行走支承型式，位置及連接方式。止水、吊耳設(shè)計(jì)：確定止水型號(hào)及布置方式，由啟門(mén)力設(shè)計(jì)，吊軸及吊 耳板尺寸并對(duì)吊耳板強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行驗(yàn)算。門(mén)槽埋設(shè)構(gòu)件確定門(mén)槽各軌道型式，斷面尺寸，對(duì)主軌進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核。確定止水座及門(mén)槽護(hù)角構(gòu)件型式。閘門(mén)鎖室裝置設(shè)計(jì)。啟閉機(jī)械選擇計(jì)算啟門(mén)力，確定啟閉機(jī)類(lèi)型、型號(hào)。計(jì)算閉門(mén)力，校核是否應(yīng)采取工程措施降門(mén)。吊具設(shè)計(jì)：由啟門(mén)力設(shè)計(jì)吊索。關(guān)鍵詞：水閘；閘室；平面閘門(mén)；防滲排水；主梁Design the leaderThe sluice is irriated and

20、 arranged one of the main buildings among the project,it is a kind of low flood peak water conservancy project builing utilizing the gate to block water or sluice, can control the adjustable water level of the flow. While closing the gate, itcan blockthe big conservation storage, the tide of the she

21、lf or improving the water level in front of the floodgate, can release floodwater, drain flooded fields or supple water of the downstream river or the channel while opening the gate. We design the check gate built on plain and river mainly this time.The check gate generally crosses over the river to

22、 build, used in dry season conservation storage, redound water level for sluice fetch water, turn on floodgate release floodwater flood period. In canal is it prop up to lie in generally among the department, lateral canal divide into water mouth low reaches slightly, use for redounding the water le

23、vel of branch canal, for propping up, the lateral canal fetch waterThis design is divided into six following parts mainly:1.1 t is analysed that the materials and sluice pivot are fixed up.The materials that have already been offered are basic bases designed, in order to edable designing the achieve

24、ment safe, suitable, economy, should be familiar with and analyse various kinds of materials at first, for instance topographical, geological situation, each about high Cheng, characteristic water level and corresponding flow, ect, then according to floodgate location, topography, geology, rivers, e

25、tc, terms and every building of function, characteristic, use demanding to confirm the pivot is decorateds of the pivot this, accomplish the structure compactness, rational, coordinates, beautiful.2.Water conservancy is calculated:Including floodgate hole design, is it can is it wash the design, pre

26、vention of seepage drain off water and design to defend to disappear mainly. The hole is designed in the floodgate give design flow definitely confirm according to sluice form and materials that draft above floodgate hole clear width and suitable floodgate hole count at first, then checking computat

27、ions plan floodgate hole size pass flow satisfied with the requirement of releasing floodwater for the first time. Disappear and can defend and print designing for dispel water flow through energy of floodgate,is it disappear strength pool, sea overflow and defend and wash the trough to design. Disa

28、ppear in the strength pool calculate in design water storage level under the terms, gate turn on in various kinds of form, operating mode of operation and hole of floodgate, one pair of holes is turned on symmetrically, three holes open and different flow of letting out whileopening the height at th

29、e sametime,confirm whether to need to set up and subdueing the strength pool or not. If is it design to need, want according to condition of can disappearing,is it disappear depth, strength of pool to calculate, thickness of the length baseplate and construction material used. The sea overflowing di

30、sappear strength pool can dispel rivers 50% energy,other energy all over the place to dispel from sea,according to different letting out amount of the sluice,confirm long degree and construction material of sea. Defend and wash the trough calculate sea overflow end wash hole depth, is it wash trough

31、 section form and size to defend to design. The prevention of seepage drains off water and designs:Draft the underground outline line at first, confirm the length tentatively, then confirm the floodgate room baseplate, length of the bedding and material sequentially, design and strain layer and drai

32、n off water in the hole position instead, calculate the base osmotic pressureof the floodgate finally, draw the distribution map of the osmotic pressure.3 .The floodgate room is decorated and floodgate room stability is calculated: Confirm the size of the outline line of floodgate room confirmed the

33、 floodgate room is always wide by the water conservancy condition, floodgate high Cheng, floodgate mound, gate, pattern, size and floodgate room top structure job bridge, traffic bridge, open and close pattern andsize of the equipment of baseplate very. The floodgate room is calculated steadily choo

34、sing the unit of calculating, build one according to finishing, normal conservation storage one, normal conservation storage issue add special to is it make up three opeerating mode checking computations floodgate room resistslippery stability and ground bear the weight of strength checking computat

35、ions to load, distribute state and subside to ground stressdifference carry on computational analysis, judge sluice ground meet strength of bearing the weight of, is it slip steady and out of shape requirement to resist. The deep layer of floodgate room is slipped and the subsidingamount of ground i

36、s calculated according to design soilphysicscharacteristic index that materials provide, checking computations foundation is it drive someground soil slip to the low reaches to happen under loading function, confirm whether to carry on the subsiding amount of the ground to calculate or not.pattern,

37、wing of wall,terms, floodgate of room, pattern and size of section.modes of one and normal4 .Tow sides join building-bank,structure assign and the stability is calculated: By physical dimension and ground confirm bank, level, wing of wall assign the Building an two kinks of operating conservation st

38、orage according to finishing, the ground on other bank, wing wall bears the weight of strength, basis heavy minimumstress ratio count bottom surface of the base is it calculate to go on steadily to slip to resist most. Facilities of prevention of seepage in the wing wall of the upper reaches and pum

39、ping equipment on the downstream wing wall are designed.5 .The structure of floodgate room is calculated: Mound stress analysis of the floodgate:Regard as floodgate firm to connect cantilever beam at baseplate by mound, regard the combination surfaces of the mound of the floodgate and baseplate as a

40、nd calculate the chain of command,separately according to use issue (gate is it block water to shut off ) and overhaul issue two kinds of operating modes , mound vertical direct stress of horizontalsection, shearing stress, trough stress of the door, mound bottom level sectional side direction stres

41、s of mound bottom while calculating, analyse result of calculation, is it mix muscle design to go on. Stress analysis of the baseplate:Make gate as the boundry, divide baseplate into two part from head to foot, fetch single wide lath analyse in two part central vertical rivers direction separately.

42、Accord to finishing and building one and using the operating modeof an improved variety, calculate the load on function and lath. Including the baseplate conducts oneself with dignity,china, mound and top structure are heavy, raise pressure and uneven to cut strength and is it assign to go to it, Fr

43、ance check the watch calculates according to elastic ground roof beam guo, try to get ground and calculation lath each sectional internal force against strength, is it carry on baseplate mix muscle design to analyse.6 .The level gate is designed: Leaf structure of the door. The layout of the structu

44、re of leaf of the door:Confirm door leaf various kinds of component structure need, figure and position , GeLiang and pattern, way of connecting, connection of department, pattern of walking and supporting and roof beam. The panel is designed :On the premise of giving full play to the intensity of t

45、he panel, design one thickness of panel with rational economy. And check some and crooked intensity of conversion stress with crooked whole of the panel after the girder section is confirmed. Level roof beamonce, carrying, the botttom roof beamis designed: Adopt the section steel.By the internal for

46、ce of every component, choose the section of every roof beam, carry on intensity, rigidity checking computation. The girder is designed: Confirm girder figure, position, sectional form, the size of section, the section changes, wing reason welding seam design and some steady checking computations of

47、 girder. Vertical roof beam once and horizontal vertical connection department design:Confirm its pattern and position , is calculated andchosen sectional size and intensity checking computations by the internal force. The roof beamis designed:Is it confirm to support to walk roof beam structure pat

48、ern is according to construct requirement design roof beam, and carry on the intensity to check to its dangerous section. Walk and support designing: Confirm its structure pattern, size carry on intensity checking compitation. Lead the device to design: Confirm the inside out, side and walk and supp

49、ort the pattern, the position and way of connecting. Stagnant water, lifting lug are designed:Confirm the type of the stagnant water and assign the way, is opened door strength to design, hang the axle and board measurement of the lifting lug and carry on checking computations to the intensity of th

50、e lifting lug board. The door trough is buried the component underground. Confirm every track pattern of the door trough, the size of section, carry on the intensity to check to the main rail . Confirm stagnant water seat and door trough protect the horn component pattern. Lock the room device to de

51、sign in the gate. Open and room device to design in the gate. Calculate and open the strength of the door, comfirm the type of headstok gear, type. Calculate and close the strength of the door, should take the project measure to lower the door to check. The hoist is designed: Opened door strength an

52、d designed the sling.Key word: Sluice; floodgate room; level gate; prevention of seepage drainoff water and design to defend to disappear; girder第一章水閘樞紐布置1.1 總體布置本設(shè)計(jì)為節(jié)制閘，一般跨越河道修建，故又稱(chēng)為攔河閘。它是一種利用閘門(mén)進(jìn)行擋水或泄水的低水頭建筑物，既可控制流量又可調(diào)節(jié)水位。關(guān)閉閘門(mén)時(shí)，它可攔洪蓄水，擋潮或抬高閘前水位；開(kāi)啟閘門(mén)時(shí)，又可泄洪，排澇或?qū)ο掠魏拥阑蚯拦┧?。這次我們主要設(shè)計(jì)修建在平原道上的節(jié)制閘。節(jié)制閘一般跨越河道

53、修建。用于枯水期蓄水，抬高水位以及供進(jìn)水閘取水，洪水期開(kāi)閘泄洪。在渠系中一般位于支、斗渠分水口稍下游，跨越干、支渠修建也稱(chēng)節(jié)制閘。用于抬高干、支渠水位，供支、斗渠取水。閘址一般應(yīng)設(shè)置在河道直線段上。閘址處于上下游河道直線段長(zhǎng)度均不短于5 10 倍水面寬度，且不宜小于300m。壩址選擇是水閘規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)中的一項(xiàng)重要工作，閘址合適與否，不僅涉及到水閘建設(shè)的成敗，并且關(guān)系到整個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，因此對(duì)閘址選擇的工作應(yīng)十分重視。水閘的類(lèi)型較多，按其任務(wù)不同，可分為以下幾類(lèi);<1> 進(jìn)水閘 : 為了農(nóng)田灌溉或其他水利事業(yè)的需要，進(jìn)水閘往往建在河道，水庫(kù)或湖泊的岸邊，用于引水灌溉，發(fā)電或其他進(jìn)水需要而

54、控制流量。<2>節(jié)制閘：由于農(nóng)田灌溉，發(fā)電引水或改善航運(yùn)要求，常需橫快河道或渠道修建水閘，以控制閘前水位和過(guò)閘流量，這類(lèi)水閘成為節(jié)制閘。河道上的節(jié)制閘也也稱(chēng)為攔河閘。在洪水時(shí)期，攔河閘還起排泄洪水作用。<3>擋潮閘：濱海地區(qū)的河流都受潮水影響，為了防止海水倒灌而抬高河水位，常在入海處河口附近修建水閘，即為擋潮閘。漲潮時(shí)關(guān)閘，防止海水倒灌；當(dāng)河水位過(guò)高落潮期間開(kāi)閘排水。擋潮閘的特點(diǎn)，是承受雙渣向水頭，而且閘門(mén)啟閉頻繁。<4>排水閘：為使低洼地區(qū)大的漬水通過(guò)排水渠排入江河或湖泊，常需在排水渠末端設(shè)置水閘，這當(dāng)河道類(lèi)水閘稱(chēng)為排水閘。排水閘除開(kāi)閘排水外，在枯水季還可

55、向引水灌溉；洪水時(shí)可關(guān)閘擋水，防止外水倒灌，也可蓄水灌溉。特點(diǎn)是：是承受雙向水頭。<5>分洪閘：當(dāng)河道遭遇洪水而對(duì)下游可能造成洪災(zāi)時(shí)，可將部分洪水泄入湖泊或洼地以消減洪峰。在分洪道首部需設(shè)置水閘，即為分洪閘。分洪閘常建于河道的一側(cè)，用來(lái)將超過(guò)下游河道安全泄量的洪水泄入分洪區(qū)或分洪道。<6>沖沙閘（排沙閘）：沖沙閘（排沙閘）建在多泥沙的河流上。用于排除進(jìn)水閘，節(jié)制閘或渠系中沉積的泥沙。此外，還有為排除冰塊，漂浮物等而設(shè)置的排冰閘，排污閘等。1.1.1 水閘位置時(shí)應(yīng)考慮的幾個(gè)因素 地基條件是影響水閘總體布置的主要因素之一應(yīng)盡可能選擇土質(zhì)密實(shí)，均勻。壓縮性較小和承載能力較大的

56、良好地基。此外，由于閘基土質(zhì)的抗沖能力直接影響單寬流量的選擇和閘后消能防沖設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)，而地下水位的高低及承壓水的有無(wú)對(duì)地基的穩(wěn)定性和施工期的排水措施也有所影響，故在選擇閘址時(shí)應(yīng)考慮這些條件。 水流條件是另一主要因素閘的位置應(yīng)使進(jìn)閘和出閘水流平順，防止上，下游產(chǎn)生有害的沖刷和淤積。 施工、管理?xiàng)l件也是閘址選擇時(shí)要考慮的一個(gè)因素要求有足夠?qū)拸V的施工場(chǎng)地， 并且盡可能使土方工程量最小。當(dāng)水閘是整個(gè)樞紐的一個(gè)組成部分時(shí)，應(yīng)就樞紐工程總體布置做方案比較，得出水閘最優(yōu)位置，以達(dá)到技術(shù)上先進(jìn)與經(jīng)濟(jì)上合理的要求。1.2 結(jié)構(gòu)布置1.2.1 閘室的結(jié)構(gòu)布置水閘一般由上有連接段，閘室， 下有連接段三部分組成。水閘的主體是閘室，