2021屆山東省泰安市高三上學期期末考試英語試題(解析版)

1、高三年級考試英語試注意事項：1 .答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2 .回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂 黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答 案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題25分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Have you always wanted to make your lifestyle more sustainable? Here are a few tips that co

2、mmunity activists, zero-waste experts and eco-friendly shop owners recommend specifically for the pandemic （疫情）.Start with your own maskStill using disposable （一次性的）masks or N95s? Hoiyin Ip, an environmental activist in Orange County, suggests you transition to a cloth mask that you can wash along w

3、ith the rest of your laundry. They are reusable, sustainable and generally more comfortable too.Eat smartYou may be tired of your own cooking and eating at home. When ordering takeout. Ip suggests asking the restaurant to keep its plastic cutlery （餐具）：Befbre you walk away with your to-go bag, check,

4、 look into your bag to see if you have this stuff, and give it back to the restaurant, "Ip said.Electronic wasteOnce your electronic device has worn out, recycle it. Battery collections in California are down a third compared to last yean he said, because many collection spots have closed or re

5、duced hours. He advises collecting old batteries in a bag and recycling them at a drop-off location near you.Buy in bulkEnvironmental advocate Monica Campagna is creatively adapting by purchasing large quantities of her essentials like rice, pasta and cereal and refilling a reusable container at hom

6、e. While she doesn't get rid of disposables altogether buying in bulk avoids lots of small plastic bags, and the bigger bags can be reused.1. Why does Hoiyin Ip suggest using cloth masks?A. Generally, there is no need to wash.B. You can spend little money on them.C. They are sustainable and more

7、 comfortable.D. They're strong enough to reuse for a long time.2. Which is true about 'eating smart' ?A. Walk away with your to-go bag.B. Don't take away the restaurant s cutlery.C. Do your best to cook and eat at home.D. Order takeout to avoid waste.3. In order to make your lifestyl

8、e more sustainable, you should.A. still use disposable masks or N95sB. usually go to the restaurant to eatC. throw old batteries into dustbinsD. purchase large quantities of your essentials【答案】l.c 2.B3.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些由社區(qū)活動家、零廢物專家和環(huán)保商店老板針對疫情特別 推薦的能夠讓生活方式更加可持續(xù)的建議。【1題詳解】細行理解題，根據(jù)第二段 “They are reusa

9、ble, sustainable and generally more comfortable too. （它們是可重復使用的，可持續(xù)的，而且通常也更舒適。）”可知，Hoiyin Ip認為布口罩可持續(xù)利用并且更舒適，所以建議使用這種口罩。故選C項?！?題詳解】細行理解題。根據(jù)第三段 “ Before you walk away with your to-go bag, check, look into your bag to see if you have this stuff, and give it back to the restaurant.（在你帶著你的打包袋離開之前， 檢查你的包里

10、是否有這些東西，并把它交還給餐廳。）”可知，eating smart也是一種可持續(xù)的生活方式，意味著打包食物的時候不帶走餐館的餐具。故選B項， 【3題詳解】細。理解題。根據(jù)最后一段小標題“Buy in bulk （大量購買）”以及“While she doesn't get nd of disposables altogether buying in bulk avoids lots of small plastic bags, and the bigger bags can be reused.（雖然她并沒有完全拋棄一次性用品，但批量購買可以避免大量的小塑料袋，而且大 塑料袋可以重復

11、使用。）”可知，購買大包裝的生活必需品是一種環(huán)?？沙掷m(xù)的生活方式， D項正確。A、B、C項都不符合可持續(xù)的生活理念。故選D項。BBrave heart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace. The movie was a surprise winner of the Academy Award for Be

12、st Picture.After William Wallace's fatlier and brother are killed in the battle against the English, Wallace is sent to continental Europe to be educated. He returns to Scotland as an adult （played by Gibson） and marries his childhood sweetheart, Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron,

13、 Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt and she is caught and killed. Wallace then leads his family to fight the English troops. He continues to fight to force the English to leave Scotland, gaining increasing numbers of followers as stories of his brave acts spread. English King E

14、dward I sends Princess Isabella, his son's wife, to negotiate with Wallace for peace, but she is charmed by him and becomes his supporter. She warns Wallace of an upcoming attack from the English.Wallace seeks the support of the Scottish nobles in the fight against the English, but the nobles ar

15、e hesitating. Robert the Bruce is particularly torn. The Scottish fighters are defeated by an army led by King Edward I in the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace tries to kill Edward I himself but is stopped by a soldier, who proves to be Robert the Bnice. Robert then saves Wallace from bemg caught by the E

16、nglish. Later Wallace agrees to meet with Robert in Edinburgh, but Robert's father and other nobles set a trap and catch Wallace. They hand over Wallace to the English. Wallace refiises to give in and before bemg killed, he courageously cries out, “Freedom!”The movie was inspired by a lengthy po

17、em about William Wallace by Blind Harry. It led to an increase of interest in Scottish history, although it contained numerous historical inaccuracies.4. What can we know from Paragraph 1?A. The film is made by a Scottish leader.B. The film is a true story about Mel Gibson.C. The film is about a war

18、 breaking out in 1995.D. The film is adapted from a real historical story.5. Which of the following starts Wallace's fighting against die English?A. Tlie English troops' landing in Scotland.B. His wife's being killed by the English soldiers.C. The failure of negotiation with Princess Isa

19、bella.D. His father and brother's being caught in the battle.6. What happens to Wallace in the end?A. He becomes the leader of the Scottish nobles.B. He drives the English out of Scotland.C. He dies for Scotland s mdependence.D. He gives in to the English King.7. What is this text mainly about?A

20、. A war movie.B. A Scottish historical hero.C. A famous battle in history.D. The independence of Scotland.【答案】4.D5. B 6.C7. A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一部歷史戰(zhàn)爭片勇敢的心?！?題詳解】細門理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William W

21、allace.(這部電影由梅爾吉布森執(zhí)導并 主演，根據(jù)13世紀蘇格蘭領袖威廉華萊士的故事改編)”可知，勇敢的心這部電影是 根據(jù)一個真實的歷史故事改編的。故填D項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段 “He returns to Scotland as an adult (played by Gibson) and marries his childhood sweetheart. Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron, Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt

22、 and she is caught and killed.（成年后，他回到蘇格蘭（吉布森 飾演），并與青梅竹馬的戀人默倫結婚。當英國士兵試圖傷害默倫時，華萊士救了她，但士 兵們再次嘗試，她被抓住并被殺死。然后華萊士帶領他的家人與英國軍隊作戰(zhàn)）”可知，妻 子被英國士兵殺死引發(fā)了華萊士與英格蘭人的戰(zhàn)爭。故選B項?！?題詳解】細 方理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段 wWallace refuses to give in and before being killed, he courageously cries out, ''Freedom!'' （他們把華萊士交給了英國人。

23、華萊士拒絕屈服，在被殺 前，他勇敢地呼喊“自由!”）”可知，華萊士最后為了蘇格蘭獨立而死。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題，根據(jù)文章第一段"Brave heart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace.（勇敢的心是一部1995年上映的歷史片，它由梅爾吉布森執(zhí)導并主演，根據(jù) 13世紀蘇格蘭領袖威廉華萊

24、士的故事改編）”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一部歷 史戰(zhàn)爭片勇敢的心。故選A項。CA robotics team in Dublin High School. California, US. has come up with a creative solution to help clean parts of the school during the pandemic a sanitizing drone. It was designed by the Gael Force Robotics Team. and the project has 10 students working to

25、design, construct and eventually fly it.Before the drone, it took five to six hours to disinfect （將 消毒）the bleachers （露天看臺）at the football stadium, according to Vice Principal Paul Faris. One of the students then suggested makmg a sanitizing drone to help." Ne decided to challenge ourselves to

26、build the drone to not only keep our students safe, but try to find a cost-effective way to do it/said Niliarika Sura-aijjala, who is a senior and also die team s president and project manager. The drone will have the ability to spray a disinfectant to clean the schoofs 6, 200-square-foot football s

27、tadium.The drone will at first have the ability to be manually flown by an operator on the ground using a phone application, which the students will also develop. Then, the students plan on making upgrades that will include the ability for autonomous flying and even artificial intelligence （AI） so t

28、hat the drone will have depth perception （感 知）and can detect objects on its own, Niharika said. The team researched similar industrial drone models, such as the ones the Atlanta Falcons use for their football stadium. The students found those models can cost up to $15,000. Niharika said:"We can

29、 do a little better than this.'They started a GoFundMe page with a goal of S4.000 to raise funds for parts and equipment to build the drone. The money they got have already surpassed their goal：When built, their drone will also have twice the amount of flight time of other industrial models, at

30、22 minutes without needing to be recharged, she said.The Gael Force Robotics Team is one of the largest clubs at Dublin High, with 180 members. Named after die schools mascot （吉祥 物），the student-run robotics club has six teams that take part in competitions held by VEX. an educational robotics compan

31、y that holds state and national championship games.8. Why did the team decide to build the drone?A. To get rid of rubbish around the school.B. To solve the problem of lacking staff.C. To make disinfecting cheaper and more efficient.D. To protect students from the disinfectants.9. What will the first

32、 version of the sanitizing drone be able to do?A. Fly with an operator aboard to control it.B. Fly according to orders given via an app.C. Perceive depth on its own while flying.D. Detect things autonomously when flying.10. Compared with similar industrial drones, the sanitizing drone.A. will be fun

33、ded by the schoolB. will be named after the schoofs mascotC. can be recharged more quicklyD. will cost less to make and will be able to fly longer 11. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a sanitizing drone.B. To praise a successful robotics team.C. To explain the importance of sanitizing

34、.D. To look forward to the future of the drones.【答案】8.C9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了國加利福尼亞州都柏林高中一個機器人團隊設計了 一款能夠在疫情期間用于校I園清潔的消毒無人機?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段 wBefore the drone, it took five to six hours to disinfect the bleachers at the football stadium, according to Vice Principal Paul Faris （據(jù)副校長保

35、羅法瑞斯 說，在有無人機之前，他們花了五到六個小時為足球場的露天看臺消毒）”以及“We decided to challenge ourselves to build the drone to not only keep our students safe, but try to find a cost-effective way to do it,'said Niliarika Siiravarjjala. who is a senior and also the team s president and project manager.（“我們決定挑戰(zhàn)自我，制造這架無人機不僅是為了

36、保護學生的安全， 還試圖找到一種經(jīng)濟有效的方法，" NiharikaSuravaijjala說，他是一名大四學生，也是該團 隊的主席和項目經(jīng)理）”可知，這個團隊決定制造無人機是為了使消毒更經(jīng)濟更有效。故選 C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段 “The drone will at first have the ability to be manually flown by an operator on the ground using a phone application, which the students will also develop.（無人機首 先能夠由地面上

37、的操作員通過手機應用程序手動飛行，學生們也將開發(fā)這一應用程序）”可 知，第一個版本的消毒無人機可以根據(jù)應用程序下達的命令飛行。故選B項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"The students found those models can cost up to SI5.000. Niharika said:"We can do a little better than this.,They started a GoFundMe page witli a goal of $4.000 to raise funds for parts and equipment to

38、 build the drone. The money they got have already surpassed their goal”（學生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些模型的價格高達1.5萬美元。Niharika說：“我們可以做得更 好一點。他們在GoFundMe上創(chuàng)建了一個頁面，目標是籌集4000美元，購買制造無人機的 零部件和設備。他們得到的資金已經(jīng)超過了他們的目標“）”以及文章第四段“Whenbuilt, their drone will also have twice the amount of flight time of other industrial models, at 22 min

39、utes without needing to be recharged. she said.（她說，一旦建成，他們的無人機的飛行時間將是其 他工業(yè)型號的兩倍，22分鐘不需要充電）”可知，與同類工業(yè)無人機相比，消毒無人機制 造成本更低，飛行時間更長。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段 A robotics team in Dublin High School California, US, has come up with a creative solution to help clean parts of the school during the pandemic a sa

40、nitizing drone. It was designed by the Gael Force Robotics Team, and the project has 10 students working to design. construct and eventually fly it.（美國加州都柏林高中的一個機器人團隊想出了一個創(chuàng) 造性的解決方案，幫助在疫情期間清潔學校的部分區(qū)域一一消毒無人機。它是由Gael Force 機器人團隊設計的，該項目由1。名學生設計、建造并最終試飛）”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文 的目的是介紹一款消毒無人機。故選A項。DThinking of getting

41、your child to take up a sport that involves a coach or instructor? There is a piece of good news. A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.“The primary school years are a critical

42、time in child development： said Frederic N. Briere, a professor of psycho-education who led the study”. And every parent wants to raise a well-adjusted child/ Besides keepmg children from sitting for long, physical activities, such as structured sports, have the potential physical and mental benefit

43、s, Briere believes, something parents seem to know instinctively 值覺地）.“We followed a large representative population of typically developing Canadian children over time to examine whether consistent participation in organized sports from ages 6 to 10 would lessen risks associated with emotional dist

44、ress, anxiety, shyness, social withdrawal at agel2/aid Bnere/40nr goal was to test this question as critically as possible by excluding pre-existmg child or family conditions that could ofier a difiereiit explanation/' To do this, Briere and his team examined data from children born in 1997 or 1

45、998. From ages 6 to 10, mothers reported whether their child participated in organized physical activities. At age 12, teachers reported on the child s levels of emotional distress, anxiety, shyness, and social withdrawal at school.The results revealed that children who participated in sports consis

46、tently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer cases of those factors at age 12 than their peers who did not engage in physicalactivities in a consistent way： said Briere.fc Ns found these benefits above and beyondpre-existmg individual and family characteristicBriere concluded.八Getting kids actively involve

47、d in organized sports seems to promote global development. This involvement appears to be good on a socio-emotional level apart from the physical benefits it brings. Being less emotionally troubled between primary and high school is a priceless benefit for children, as they are about to enter a much

48、 larger universe with bigger academic challenges.”12. What does Briere,s study show about doing organized sports?A. It helps children improve study efficiency.B. Il improves children's personality development.C. It strengtheas children s relationship with tlieir parents.D. It helps prevent child

49、ren from having emotional problems.13. What can we know about the study process?A. It investigates children from similar backgrounds.B. It requires cooperation from children's parents and teachers.C. It focuses on how children fit in with the environment.D. It takes children's personal habit

50、s into consideration.14. What does the underlined phrase “those factors'' in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Children's personal characteristics.B. Children s performances in die study.C. Childien s emotional problems.D. Children s daily activities.15. Why is emotional health important to childr

51、en between age 6 and 12?A. They will soon face great academic stress.B. They go through a quick development.C. They are too busy to participate in sports.D. They are more likely to have mental problems.【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了 BriZre主持的一項研究結果一一在很小的時候就參加有 組織的體育活動的孩子在他們12歲時出現(xiàn)情緒問題的可

52、能性更小?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段 “A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.（ 項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在很小的時候就參加有組織的體育活動的孩子在他們12歲時出現(xiàn)情緒問 題的可能性更小。）”可知，在Bridre主持的研究中表示有組織的體育活動有助于防止孩子 有情緒問題。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根

53、據(jù)文章第三段 “From ages 6 to 10. mothers reported whether their child participated in organized physical actn-ities. At age 12, teachers reported on the child's levels of emotional distress, anxiety, shyness, and social withdrawal at school.（從 6 歲到 10 歲，母親們報 告她們的孩子是否參加有組織的體育活動。12歲時，老師報告了孩子在學校的情緒困擾、 焦慮

54、、害羞和社交退縮的程度。）”說明BriZre主持的研究需要孩子的家長和老師的合作。 故選B項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段 “A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.（ 項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在很小的時候就參加有組織的體育活動的孩子在他們12歲時出現(xiàn)情緒問 題的可能性更小。）”以及第四段 <<4Th

55、e results rep ealed tliat cliildren who participated in sports consistently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer cases of those factors at age 12 than their peers who did not engage m physical actn ities in a consistent way/' said Bnere. （Briere 稱：”研究結果顯示， 與那些不經(jīng)常參加體育活動的同齡人相比，那些6歲至10歲經(jīng)常參加體育活動的孩子在12 歲時出

56、現(xiàn)這些因素的情況要少一些?！埃笨芍?，經(jīng)常參加體育活動的人出現(xiàn)情緒問題的可 能性更小，因此推斷those factors指的是情緒問題。故選C項。【15題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Being less emotionally troubled between primary and high school is a priceless benefit for children, as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.（對孩子們來說，在小學和高中期間少

57、一些情感困擾是一個無價 的好處，因為他們即將進入一個更廣闊的世界，面臨更大的學業(yè)挑戰(zhàn)。）”可知，情緒健康 對于孩子很重要的原因在于他們很快就會面臨巨大的學業(yè)壓力。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題25分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有 兩項為多余選項。The pay-what-you-want pricing system is a model used by several types of businesses. Instead of charging a set price for items, the business allows

58、 customers to pay whatever amount they feel is acceptable.Despite the financial risk, businesses usually depend oncustomers' generosity and sense of fairness.The pay-what-you-want strategy has existed in cities such as Berlin and London since around 1999. In the U.S.Jt was introduced by a restau

59、rant in Salt Lake City in 2003.Since then, some other organizations have employed pay-what-you-want as an experimental concept.Pay-what-you-want policies have been somewhat less effective in restaurants and health care provider settings. 18 In 2007, for example, the band Radiohead offered its new album as an online download using the pay-what-you-want system, resulting in a large number of sales.9 Some peopl