Arts練習(xí)與解析

1、Module 4 Fine ArtsWestern,Chinese,and Pop Arts練習(xí)與解析3.1 知識精練Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words or phrases:develop tell stand traditional aim know aspect start consider be crazy aboutPicasso,_ the greatest western artist of the twentieth century,painted objects and people.He _

2、the Cubism,which tries to paint objects and people,with different _ of objects and persons showing at the same time.The American artist Roy Lichtenistein _ to show ordinary twentieth century life.Chinese _ paintings are _ for their brush drawings in black inks and natural colors.Qi Baishi and Xu Bei

3、hong are good examples.Wu Hong is a young man who _ the paintings of Qi Baishi.He cant _ the painting of Roy Lichtenstein.Sarah Harwich _ an interest in art since she was a child.She can _ a Chinese painting from a western painting by the style.答案：considered;started;aspects;aimed;traditional;known;i

4、s crazy about;stand;has developed;tell3.2 語法指南動詞的ing 形式:動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞1.以動詞do為例說明它們的形式變化:時態(tài)主動形式被動形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done2.功能(1)動名詞:動名詞具有名詞性質(zhì),可作主語、表語、賓語或定語。作主語:Saying is easy than doing.說比做容易。His coming (動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))here will be a great help.他到這兒來將大有幫助。作表語:(表示行為)His job is keeping t

5、he hall as clean as possible.他的工作是盡量使大廳保持清潔。As an English teacher,my task is teaching you English well.作為英語老師,我的任務(wù)是教好你們英語。作賓語:He admitted his taking the watch.他承認(rèn)拿走了手表。Im looking forward to seeing her early.我盼望早日看到她。作定語:(表示用途)No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.閱覽室里不準(zhǔn)大聲喧嘩。That is a

6、shop selling walking sticks.那是一個賣拐杖的商店。動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):名詞所有格+動名詞,當(dāng)動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時,名詞的所有格可以省略“s”；形容詞性物主代詞可以用代詞的賓格代替。Toms coming is what we have expected.湯姆的到來是我們所盼望的。Would you mind my/me closing the door？我關(guān)上門你介意嗎？(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語:（表動作或性質(zhì);而動名詞作定語表用途）A barking dog seldom bites.吠犬不咬人。Can you see the stars moving in the

7、sky?你能看到天空中運動的星星嗎?There is a piano standing at the corner.墻角放著一架鋼琴。作表語:(表示主語所具有的特征,而動名詞作表語表示行為)The music is much pleasing to the ear.音樂優(yōu)美悅耳。The game held yesterday was very exciting.昨天進(jìn)行的比賽很激動人心。作賓補:(感官動詞或使役動詞通?？梢约淤e語,再加分詞作賓語補足語)She smelt something burning.她聞到什么東西燒焦了。I heard the birds singing beautif

8、ully in the garden.我聽到鳥在花園里美妙的歌聲。作狀語:現(xiàn)在分詞可在句子中作時間、原因、方式、條件、結(jié)果、目的、讓步等狀語，通常情況下，現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語必須是主句的主語。Hearing the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.(時間狀語)聽到這個消息,他們立即出發(fā)到上海去了。Being Sunday,most shops are crowded.(原因狀語)因為是星期天,多數(shù)商店都很擁擠。He walked down the hill,singing softly to himself.(方式或伴隨狀語)他從小山上走下來

9、,一路哼著小曲兒。Turning to the right,you will find the road to the post office.(條件狀語)朝右拐,你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)去郵電局的路。The old scientist died all of a sudden,leaving the project unfinished.(結(jié)果狀語)那位老科學(xué)家突然去世了,留下了未完的事業(yè)。3.3 典例剖析A.例題解析【例1】 The man who_ the habit of smoking during his childhood died of lung cancer last year.(Whic

10、h of the following is wrong?)A.formed B.developedC.gotD.made解析:form/get/develop the habit of “形成/養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣”;另外,還有develop ones interest “培養(yǎng)興趣”;develop ones own way of solving problems“形成自己解決問題的方式”等。make不能和habit搭配。答案：D【例2】 I like_ very much but I hate_ in the river polluted by our citys paper making facto

11、ry.A.swimming;to swimB.swimming;swimmingC.to swim;swimmingD.to swim;swim解析:like 和hate 都可以既跟不定式又跟動名詞作賓語,但它們的意思有細(xì)微的差別。動詞不定式表示具體的、特殊的含義；動名詞表示一般的、習(xí)慣性的含義。I like reading but I dont like to read Lu Xuns books because they are difficult to understand.我喜歡讀書,但我不喜歡讀魯迅的書,因為他的書很難懂。I hate eating sweet food but I

12、like to eat some today because I will take part in a running game.我討厭吃甜食,但今天我想吃一些,因為我要參加跑步比賽。答案：A【例3】 He is a man of strong self-respect,so he cant stand_ in public.A.laughing atB.being laughing atC.to be laughed atD.having been laughed at解析:stand/bear/endure等常跟動名詞或名詞作賓語,此處being laughing at 是動名詞的被動形

13、式。He cant stand hot weather.他不能忍受很熱的天氣。She cant bear being kept waiting.他不能忍受久等。答案：B【例4】 The moment that they had been looking forward_ finally.A.to comeB.to comingC.to have comeD.to came解析:此處to 是look forward to 這個短語中的,是介詞。句子的主干是“The moment came finally”。像look forward to/pay attention to/turn to 等詞組

14、中,介詞to 后面只能跟名詞或動名詞作賓語。Lets turn to discussing the problem of pollution.讓我們把話題轉(zhuǎn)向討論污染問題。答案：D【例5】 What you said must agree_ what you did,only in this can you make people trust you.A.toB.onC.withD.in解析:(1)agree with 和一致,同意(某人的)觀點/所說的話,適合He agreed with me on what to do next.對于下一步干什么,他同意了我的觀點。Do you agree

15、 with what I said?你同意我說的話嗎?The cold weather in the north doesnt agree with me.北方的冷天氣不適合我。(2)agree to something 同意某件事I dont agree to the plan of building a factory in this area.我不同意在這個地區(qū)建工廠的計劃。(3)agree on/upon something 在方面達(dá)成協(xié)議Have you agreed on the time for the meeting.你們就開會的時間達(dá)成協(xié)議了嗎?(4)agree to do

16、something 同意做某事He agreed to come on time but he hasnt turned up yet.他同意按時來,但直到現(xiàn)在還沒有出現(xiàn)。(5)agree+that clause 同意/承認(rèn)I agree that I am wrong on that point.我承認(rèn)在那一點上我錯了。答案：C【例6】 The boys pale face suggests that he_ badly ill.A.should beB.beC.isD.has been解析：suggest作“暗示,表明”講時,賓語從句用陳述語氣,如果表示 “建議某人應(yīng)該干某事”時用虛擬語氣

17、,從句用should 加動詞原形或直接用動詞原形。The dark cloud in the sky suggests there will be a heavy rain.天空的黑云表明將有大雨。Our English teacher suggested that we (should)read aloud every morning.我們的英語老師建議我們每天早晨大聲朗讀。The chairman suggested that the meeting (should)be started at once.那位主席建議會議馬上開始。答案：CB.錯例解析1.誤：He considered to

18、 study further in Beijing University.正：He considered studying in Beijing University.解析:consider vt. 考慮、認(rèn)為。作“考慮”解后接名詞、代詞、動名詞；作“認(rèn)為”解，用名詞、代詞+名詞、形容詞、不定式作賓補的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 例如：（1）We have considered your application carefully,but cant offer you the job.我們已經(jīng)仔細(xì)考慮了你的申請，認(rèn)為不能聘請你做這份工作。（名詞作賓語）（2）Have you considered how to

19、 solve the problem of heavy traffic?你們考慮過如何解決交通擁擠的問題嗎？（3)They considered themselves very important.他們以為自己很重要。2.誤：Latin is not a alive language.正：Latin is not a living language.解析:living 和alive都有“活著的、在世的”意思，但在用法上有所不同：living既可作定語，亦可作表語。作定語時可修飾人或物，作表語時可與alive互換，alive也可作定語，作定語時要放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：(1)He is rea

20、lly a living Lei Feng in our country.他的確是我國當(dāng)今的活雷鋒。(2)Is your father still living?你的父親還在世嗎？(3)Most people in this city earn their living by working in the car factory.這個城市大多數(shù)人都是靠在汽車廠工作來謀生的。3.誤：He gave up to teaching only two years ago.正：He gave up teaching only two years ago.解析:句中短語動詞give up意為“放棄、停止”

21、的意思；give up既可用作不及物動詞，也可用作及物動詞。作及物動詞時，后面跟名詞或動名詞。例如：(1)Give up if you cant do it.如果你不會做就算了。(2)Youd better give up your plan.你最好放棄你的計劃。give up還可作“讓出、獻(xiàn)出、投降”。例如：(3)The boy gave up his seat to the old man那男孩把座位讓給了這個老人。(4)The enemies gave up before daybreak.敵人在黎明前已投降。4.誤：I was tired of having stayed up all

22、 night.正：I was tired from (with)having stayed up all night.解析:tired adj. 困倦的、疲倦的，表示體力的疲勞?？膳cfrom，with 等介詞連用；與of連用時，指精神上的厭倦，討厭。be tired out 筋疲力盡。例如：(1)The workers were tired from their day-long work.工人干了一天的活，非常疲勞。(2)The children are tired with playing.孩子們玩累了。(3)Im tired of listening to your complaints

23、.你老抱怨我都聽膩了。(4)After shopping all day,we were both tired out.買了一天的東西，我們倆都累極了。5.誤：If you keep on,you will succeed on time.正：If you keep on,you will succeed in time.解析:time 一詞用法很多,其短語也不少：ahead of time 提前(早);all the time 一直,始終；as time goes on(passes by) 隨著時間的推移；at any time 隨時,在任何時候；at one time 一度,同時；at

24、that time 在那時；at the same time 同時；for the first (second)time 第一次/第二次；for the time being 暫時,眼下；have a good time 過得愉快；in no time 立刻,很快;in time 及時;總有一天,最后，終于；on time 按時,準(zhǔn)時。6.誤:He is crazy on the football matches.正:He is crazy about the football matches.解析:crazy about sth. 對很迷戀狂熱。例如：The boy is crazy abo

25、ut drawing.那男孩對繪畫很入迷。7.誤：He is delightful at the news.正：He is delighted at the news.解析:delight vt. 使人高興、歡喜be delighted with sb./sth. 喜歡某人/某物8.誤：They are fond about collecting stamps.正：They are fond of collecting stamps.解析:fond adj.（只作表語）喜愛的、愛好的；be fond of 喜歡，愛好 例如： (1)She is fond of music.她愛好音樂。(2)H

26、e is fond of playing football.他喜歡踢球。10.誤：It was so dark that I couldnt see it was you.正：It was so dark that I couldnt tell it was you.解析:tell 除了作“講述、說、告訴”講之外，還常與can，could，be able to 連用，意為“辨別、區(qū)別、認(rèn)出”。例如：I cant tell her from her sister.They are much alike.我分不清她們倆，她們太相像了。He couldnt tell the difference b

27、etween the two words.他不能區(qū)分出這兩個單詞。11.誤：She is good on English.正：She is good at English.解析:句型be good at+n./pron./v.-ing表示do well in 或be expert at 在方面好，擅長，其相反的短語為be bad/poor at或be weak in。例如：(1)Im not good at/poor at maths.我數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得不好。(2)He is good at languages.他擅長語言。12.誤：He went on to talking as if nothin

28、g had happened.正：He went on talking as if nothing had happened.解析:go on doing sth. 是繼續(xù)或不間斷地做原來正在做的事情。中間也可以有停頓，但整體是做一件事。go on to do sth. 意為“接著去做另一件事”，即做完一件事后又接著干與原來不同的一件事，在含義上與go on doing sth.基本相同。但go on with 后面只接名詞或代詞，不接v.-ing形式。例如：(1)She went on typing on the computer for about three hours.她連續(xù)在計算機上打字近3個小時。(2)Mary went on to do exercises,after reading the text.瑪麗讀完課文又接著做練習(xí)。13.誤：Th