軟件工程專業(yè)英語【精選文檔】

1、軟件工程專業(yè)英語【精選文檔】軟件工程英語文檔：Documents軟件工具:Software Tools工具箱：Tool Box集成工具:Integrated Tool軟件工程環(huán)境：Software Engineering Environment傳統(tǒng):Conventional經(jīng)典：Classical解空間：Solution Domain問題空間：Problem Domain清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first， Efficiency the next。設(shè)計先于編碼Design before coding使程序的結(jié)構(gòu)適合于問題的結(jié)構(gòu)Make the program fit the

2、problem開發(fā)伴隨復(fù)用，開發(fā)為了復(fù)用 Development with reuse, Development for reuse.靠度量來管理：Management by Measurement軟件度量學(xué)：Software Metrics軟件經(jīng)濟學(xué):Software Economics軟件計劃WHY軟件分析WHAT軟件實現(xiàn)HOW軟件生存周期過程的開發(fā)標準 Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process軟件開發(fā)模型:Software Development Model編碼員：Coder瀑布模型：Waterfall Model快速原型模型

3、:Rapid Prototype Model增量模型:Incremental Model線性思維:Linear Thinking演化模型：Evolutionary Model螺旋模型：Spiral Model對象：Object類：Class繼承:Inheritance聚集：Aggregation消息：Message面向?qū)ο髮ο驩bject+分類Classification+繼承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages構(gòu)件集成模型：Component Integration Model轉(zhuǎn)換模型:Transformational Model凈室軟件工程

4、：Cleanroom Software Engineering凈室模型:Cleanroom Model軟件需求規(guī)格說明書:Software Requirement Specification ，SRS分析模型：Analysis Model便利的應(yīng)用規(guī)約技術(shù)：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST結(jié)構(gòu)化語言:Structured Language判定樹:Decision Tree基數(shù)：Cardinality事件軌跡:Event Trace對象關(guān)系Object-Relationsship結(jié)構(gòu)化分析:SA（Structured A

5、nalysis）由頂向下，逐步細化 Top-Down Stepwise Refinement面向?qū)ο蠓治觯篛bjectOriented Analysis包含：Contains臨近:Is Next To傳到:Transmits to來自:Acquires from管理：Manages控制：Controls組成：Is Composed of細化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模塊：Module策略：Strategy信息隱藏：Information Hiding數(shù)據(jù)封裝：Data Encapsulation抽象數(shù)據(jù)類型：Abstract Data type模塊化設(shè)計:Modular

6、 Design分解：Decomposition模塊性：Modularity單模塊軟件：Monolithic Software模塊獨立性：Module Independence內(nèi)聚：Cohesion偶然性內(nèi)聚：Coincidental Cohesion邏輯性內(nèi)聚：Logical Cohesion時間性內(nèi)聚：Temporal Cohesion過程性內(nèi)聚： Procedural Cohesion通信性內(nèi)聚: Communicational Cohesion順序性內(nèi)聚：Sequential Cohesion功能性內(nèi)聚:Functional Cohesion非直接偶合:No Direct Couplin

7、g數(shù)據(jù)偶合：Data Coupling特征偶合：Stamp Coupling控制偶合：Control Coupling外部偶合：External Coupling公共偶合:Common Coupling內(nèi)容偶合： Content Coupling由底向上設(shè)計:BottomUp Design自頂向下設(shè)計：TopDown Design正式復(fù)審：Formal Review非正式復(fù)審：Informal Review走查,排練：Walk-Through會審：Inspection映射:Mapping傳入路徑:Afferent path傳出路徑：Efferent path變換中心：Transform Cen

8、ter接受路徑：Reception path動作路徑：Action path事務(wù)中心:Transaction Center分支分解：Factoring of Brandches甕形：ovalshaped一個模塊的控制域：Scope of Control一個模塊的作用域：Scope of Effect結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計：Structured Programming通心面程序:Bowl of Spaghetti流程圖:Flow Diagram編碼:Coding方框圖:Block DiagramPDL (Pidgin）：Program Design Language偽代碼：Pseudo CodeJSD：

9、Jackson System Development對象建模技術(shù)：Object Modeling Technique基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施：Infrastructure控制線程:Thread of Control保護者對象：Guardian Object協(xié)議：protocolUML：Unified Modeling LanguageOMG:Object Management Group統(tǒng)一方法：Unified Method關(guān)聯(lián):Association泛化：Generalization依賴：Dependency結(jié)點:Node接口：Interface包：Package注釋: Note特化:Specializat

10、ion元元模型：MetaMeta Model用戶模型：User Model靜態(tài)圖：Static Diagram動態(tài)圖:Dynamic Diagram用例視圖:Use Case View邏輯視圖:Logical View并發(fā)視圖：Concurrent View構(gòu)件視圖：Component View實現(xiàn)模型視圖：Implementation Model View部署視圖：Deployment View航向：Navigability重數(shù):Multiplicity共享聚集：Shared Aggregation組合：Composition泛化:Generalization簡單消息：Simple Mess

11、age同步消息：Synchronous Message異步消息：Asynchronous Message事件說明：Event_Signature守衛(wèi)條件：Guard_Condition動作表達式：Action_Expression發(fā)送子句:Send_Clause時序圖：Sequence Diagram協(xié)作圖：Collaboration Diagram前綴:Predecessor循環(huán)子句:Iteration-Clause活動圖：Activity Diagram構(gòu)件圖：Component Diagram配置圖：Deployment Diagram建模過程指導(dǎo)（RUP）:Rational Unifi

12、ed Process可執(zhí)行代碼：Executalbe Codes實現(xiàn):Implementation編碼風格：Coding Style標準:Classical控制流的直線性：Linearity of Control Flow程序風格設(shè)計要素：先求正確后求快 Make it right before you make it faster。先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster。求快不忘保持程序正確 Keep it right when you make it faster。保持程序簡單以求快 Keep it simple to make it

13、 faster。書寫清楚,不要為“效率”犧牲清楚 Write clearlydon't sacrifice clarity for ”efficiency”文檔化：Code Documentation內(nèi)部文檔編制：Internal Documentation序言:Prologue用戶友善:User Friendly糾錯:Debugging測試用例:Test Case窮舉測試：Exhaustive Testing選擇測試：Selective Testing靜態(tài)分析：Static Analysis黑盒測試:Black Box Testing白盒測試：White Box Testing等價分

14、類：Equivalence Partioning邊界值分析法：Boundary Value Analysis所謂猜錯:Error Guessing因果圖:Cause-Effect Graph邏輯覆蓋測試法：Logic Coverage Testing試湊：Trial and Error回溯：Back Tracking病因排除法:Cause Elimination測試糾錯：Debugging by Testing蠻力糾錯技術(shù):Debugging by Brute Force回歸測試：Regression Testing單元測試：Unit Testing綜合測試:Integration Testi

15、ng確認測試： Validation Testing系統(tǒng)測試：System Testing模塊測試：Module Testing高級測試：Higher order Testing不可達的:Unreachable辦公桌檢查：Desk Check走查:Walk-Through代碼會審：Code Inspection測試驅(qū)動模塊：Test Driver測試樁模塊:Test Stub群：Cluster混合方式測試：Sandwich Testing漸增式測試：Incremental Testing非漸增式：NonIncremental配置復(fù)審：Configuration Review測試終止標準：Tes

16、t Completion Criteria基于線程的測試：Thread-Based Testing基于使用：UseBased基于構(gòu)件的軟件開發(fā)：Component Based Software Development ，CBSD領(lǐng)域工程：Domain Engineering需求規(guī)約：Requirements Specification變體：Variant組件對象模型，COM：Componet Object Model對象鏈接與嵌入:Object Linking and Embedding公共對象請求代理體系結(jié)構(gòu)，CORBA：Common Object Request Broker Archit

17、ecture枚舉分類：Enumerater Classification呈面分類:Faceted Classification屬性值分類：AttributeValue Classification應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)工程，ASE:Application System Engineering完善性維護：Perfective Maintenance適應(yīng)性維護：Adaptive Maintenance糾錯性維護：Corrective Maintenance預(yù)防性維護：Preventive Maintenance結(jié)構(gòu)化的翻新:Structured Retrofit可維護性:Maintainability可理解性：

18、Understandability可修改性：Modifiability可測試性：Testability調(diào)用圖：Call Graph交差引用表:CrossReference Directory數(shù)據(jù)封裝技術(shù):Data Encapsulation維護申請單MRF:Maintenance Request Form軟件問題報告單SPR：Software Problem Report軟件修改報告單SCR: Software Change Report修改控制組CCB：Change Control Board軟件配置：Software Configuration版本控制庫:Version Control L

19、ibrary活動比:Activity Ratio工作量調(diào)節(jié)因子EAF：Effort Adjustment Factor軟件再工程：Software Reengineering逆向工程：Reverse Engineering重構(gòu):Restructure演化性：Evolvability問題定義：Problem Definition系統(tǒng)目標與范圍的說明：Statement of Scope and Objectives可行性研究：Feasibility Study系統(tǒng)流程圖:System Flowchart成本效益分析：CostBenifit Analysis風險識別：Risk Identifica

20、tion風險預(yù)測:Risk Projection風險估計：Risk Estimation風險評價:Risk Assessment估算模型：Estimation Model資源模型：Resource Model構(gòu)造性成本模型：Constructive cost Model組織:Organic半獨立：Semidetached嵌入：Embeded算法模型:Algorithmic Model分類活動結(jié)構(gòu)圖WBS：Work Breakdown Structure人員時間權(quán)衡定律 People-Time Trade-Off Law無我小組:Egoless Team主程序員小組： ChiefProgramm

21、er TeamPERT：Program Evaluation and Review Technique關(guān)鍵路徑：Critical Path知識產(chǎn)權(quán)：Intellectual Property靠質(zhì)量來管理：Management by Measurement質(zhì)量保證：Quality Assurance質(zhì)量認證: Quality Certification質(zhì)量檢驗:Quality Inspection全面質(zhì)量管理TQC：Total Quality Control質(zhì)量體系：Quality System計劃-實施-檢查-措施     Plan-Do-CheckAction合

22、格論證:Conformity Certification可靠性：Reliability效率：Efficiency運行工程：Human Engineering正確性：Correctness使用性：Usability完整性：Integrity可理解性:Understandability可測試性：Testability可修改性：Modifiability可移植性：Portability可維護性：Maintainability可適應(yīng)性:Flexibility可重用性：Reusability交互操作性:Interoperability驗證與確認：Verification and Validation ,

23、VV基線：Baselines平均故障時間：Mean Time To Failure ，MTTF錯誤傳入:Error Seeding冗余：Redundancy容錯：Fault Tolerance公理化歸納斷言法：AxioMatic Inductive Assertion循環(huán)不變式：Loop Invariant能力成熟度模型：Capability Maturity Model關(guān)鍵過程域：Key Process Area ，KPA關(guān)鍵實踐：Key Practice初始級:Initial可重復(fù)級：Repeatable已定義級：Defined已管理級:Managed優(yōu)化級：Optimizing主任評估師：Lead Assessor極值程