管理信息系統(tǒng)-外文翻譯(共9頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英文原文The Source Of Article：Russ Basiura, Mike BatongbacalManagement Information SystemIt is the MIS(Management Information System ) that we constantly say that the management information system , and is living to emphasize the administration , and emphasizes that it changes into more and

2、 more significantly and more and more is universalized in the contemporary community of message . MIS is a fresh branch of learning, and it leaped over several territories, and for instance administers scientific knowledge, system science, operational research, statistic along with calculating machi

3、ne scientific knowledge. Is living on these the branches of learning base, and takes shape that the message is gathered and the process means, thereby take shape the system that the crossbar mingles. 1.The Management Information System Summary20 centuries, in the wake of the flourishing development

4、of whole world economy, numerous economists propose the fresh administration theory one by one. Xi Men propose the administration and was dependent on idea to message and decision of strategic importance in the 50s 20 centuries. The dimension of simultaneous stage is admitted issuing cybernetics, an

5、d he thinks that the administration is a control procedure. In 1958, Ger. write the lid: “ the administration shall obtain without delay with the lower cost and exact message, completes the better control “. This particular period, the calculating machine starts being used accountancy work. The data

6、 handling term has risen.In 1970, Walter T.Kennevan give administration that has raised the only a short while ago information system term to get off a definition: “ either the cover of the book shape with the discount, is living appropriately time to director, staff member along with the outside wo

7、rld personnel staff supplies the past and now and message that internal forecasting the approaching relevant business reaches such environment, in order to assist they make a strategic decision”. Is living in this definition to emphasize, yet does not emphasize using the pattern, and mention the cal

8、culating machine application in the way of the message support decision of strategic importance. In 1985, admonishing information system originator, title Buddhist nun Su Da university administration professor Gordon B.Davis give the management information system relatively integrated definition, in

9、 immediate future “ administer the information system is one use calculating machine software and hardware resources along with data bank man - the engine system. It be able to supply message support business either organization operation, administration or the decision making function. Comprehensiv

10、e directions of this definition management information system target and meritorious service capacity and component, but also make known the management information system to be living the level that attains at that time. 1.1 The Developing History of MIS The management information system is living t

11、he most primarily phase is counting the system, the substance which researched is the regular pattern on face between the incremental data, it what may separate into the data being mutually related and more not being mutually related series, afterwards act as the data conversion to message. The seco

12、nd stage is the data are replaced the system, and it is that the SABRE that the American airline company put up to in the 50s 20 centuries subscribes to book the bank note system that such type stands for. It possess 1008 bank note booking spots, and may access traveler keep the minutes and 27000 fl

13、ight segments record. Its operation is comparatively more complex, and is living whatever one “spot ”wholly to check whether to be the free place up some one flight numbers. Yet through approximately attending school up to say, it is only a data and replaces the system, for instance it can not let k

14、now you with the bank note the selling velocity now when the bank note shall be sell through, thereby takes remedying the step. As a result it also is administer information system rudimentary phase. The third phase is the status reports system, and it may separate into manufacture state speech and

15、service state and make known and research the systems such as status reports and so on. Its type stands for the production control system that is the IBM corporation to the for instance manufacture state speech system. As is known to all, the calculating machine corporation that the IBM corporation

16、is the largest on the world, in 1964 it given birth to middle-sized calculating machine IBM360 and causes the calculating machine level lift a step, yet form that the manufacture administration work. Yet enormously complicatedly dissolve moreover, the calculating machine overtakes 15000 difference c

17、omponents once more, in addition the plant of IBM extends all over the American various places to every one components once more like works an element, and the order of difference possess difference components and the difference element, and have to point out that what element what plant what instal

18、lation gives birth to, hence not merely giving birth to complexly, fitting, installation and transportation wholly fully complex. Have to there be a manufacture status reports system that takes the calculating machine in order to guarantee being underway successfully of manufacture along with else s

19、egment as the base. Hence the same ages IBM establish the systematic AAS of well-developed administration it be able to carry on 450 professional work operations. In 1968, the corporation establishes the communal once more and manufactures information system CMIS and runs and succeeds very much, the

20、 past needs 15 weeks work, that system merely may be completed in the way of 3 weeks. It is the data handling system that the status reports system still possess one kind of shape , and that it is used for handles the everyday professional work to make known with manufacture , and stress rests with

21、by the handwork task automation , and lifts the effectiveness with saves the labor power . The data handling system ordinarily can not supply decision of strategic importance message. Last phase is the support systems make a strategic decision, and it is the information system being used for supplem

22、entary making a strategic decision. That system may program and the analysis scheme, and goes over key and the error solve a problem. Its proper better person-machine dialogue means, may with not particularly the personnel staff who have an intimate knowledge of the calculating machine hold conversa

23、tion. It ordinarily consists of some pattern so as to come into being decision of strategic importance message, yet emphasize comprehensive administration meritorious service capacity. 1.2 The Application of Management Information SystemThe management information system is used to the most base work

24、, like dump report form, calculation pay and occurrences in human tubes and so on, and then developing up business financial affairs administrations and inventory control and so on individual event operational control , this pertains to the electron data handling ( EDP Data Processing ) system . Whe

25、n establish the business data bank, thereby possess the calculating machine electric network to attain data sharing queen , the slave system concept is start off , when the implementation the situation as a whole is made program and the design information system ,attained the administration informat

26、ion system phase . In the wake of calculating machine technique progress and the demand adjust the system of people lift further, people emphasize more furthermore administer the information system phase. Progress and people in the wake of the calculating machine technique lift at the demand adjust

27、the system further, people emphasize more furthermore to administer the information system whether back business higher level to lead makes a strategic decision this meritorious service capacity, still more lay special emphasis on the gathering to the external message of business and integrated data

28、 storehouse, model library , means storehouse and else artificial intelligence means whether directly to decision of strategic importance person , this is the support system ( DDS ) mission making a strategic decision. There is the part application that few business start MIS inner place the limit o

29、f the world at the early days of being living in the 70s 20 centuries. Up at the moment, MIS is living, and there be the appropriate Popularization rate in every state nation in world, and nearly covered that every profession reaches every department. 1.3 The Direction of MIS DevelopmentClose 20 cur

30、tains; external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations: A.Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized to establishing MISs system, and causing the administration technique head for the ageing. B.The message is the decision of strategic importance foundati

31、on, and MIS supplies the message service in the interest of director at all times. C.Director causes such management program getting in touch with together with the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. not merely big-and-middle-sized business universally establish MIS some small-size

32、 business also not exceptions of self, universally establish the communal data network, like the electronic mail and electron data exchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to the application of Intranets technique to speedily developing of INTERNET especially in the past few yea

33、rs in the interest of the business. Through international technique development tendency is see, in the 90s 20 centuries had arisen some kinds of brand-new administration technique.1.Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and te

34、chnical service and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process compose once more,andcompletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation. Shall act as the service veer of middle layer manage

35、ment personnel staff the decision of strategic importance of the director service?2.Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level pe

36、rsonnel staff. 3.Lean Production (LP) Application give birth to on time, comprehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced go

37、ods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes. 4.Agile Manufacture (AM) One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members quality is high

38、, and the organization simplifies and the multi-purpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly. 2.The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is ad

39、ministered the change to business and business administration of information system development and come into being and is coming into being the far-reaching effect with. Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decision-making may be assisted by the administration information system

40、, and its good or bad directly affects living and the development up the business. The MIS is impeding the orientation development that the administration means one another unites through quality and ration. This express to utilize the administration in the calculation with the different mathematica

41、l model the problem in the quantitative analysis business. The past administer that the problem is difficult to test, but MIS may unite the administration necessaries, and supply the sufficient data, and simulates to produce the term in the interest of the administration. In the wake of the developm

42、ent of MIS, much business sit up the decentralized message concentration to establish the information system ministry of directly under director, and the chief of information system ministry is ordinarily in the interest of assistant managers grade. After the authority of business is centralized up

43、high-quality administration personnel staffs hand, as if causing much sections office work decrease, hence someone prophesy, middle layer management shall vanish. In reality, the reappearance phase employed layer management among the information system queen not merely not to decrease, on the contra

44、ry there being the increase a bit. This is for, although the middle layer management personnel staff getting off exonerate out through loaded down with trivial details daily routine, yet needs them to analyses researching work in the way of even more energy, lift further admonishing the decision of

45、strategic importance level. In the wake of the development of MIS, the business continuously adds to the demand of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This compels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individ

46、uals quality. In The wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living incomparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward Am

47、erican Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term. At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more well-developed manufacturing industry strategy, and become quickly manufactur

48、ing the business. It completely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the large-scale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more p

49、rogramming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole completely new strategy de

50、pendence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure of production once more revolution. The management information system is towards the self-adoption and Self-learning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneur

51、s of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases; Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to comprehend the effect to th

52、e business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means , and establish more valid MIS. 英文翻譯文章的出處：Russ Basiura, Mike Batongbacal管理信息系統(tǒng)管理信息系統(tǒng)就是我們常

53、說的MIS(Management Information System), 在強(qiáng)調(diào)管理，強(qiáng)調(diào)信息的現(xiàn)代社會中它變得越來越重要、越來越普及。MIS是一門新的學(xué)科，它跨越了若干個領(lǐng)域，比如管理科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)科學(xué)、運(yùn)籌學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)以及計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。在這些學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)上，形成信息收集和加工的方法，從而形成一個縱橫交織的系統(tǒng)。1管理信息系統(tǒng)概述20世紀(jì)，隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展，眾多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家紛紛提出了新的管理理論。20世紀(jì)50年代，西蒙提出管理依賴于信息和決策的思想。同時期的維娜發(fā)表了控制論，他認(rèn)為管理是一個控制過程。1958年，蓋爾寫到：“管理將以較低的成本得到及時的、準(zhǔn)確的信息，做到較好的控制”。這個時期，計(jì)算

54、機(jī)開始用于會計(jì)工作。數(shù)據(jù)處理一詞已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。1970年，Walter T.Kennevan給剛剛出現(xiàn)的管理信息系統(tǒng)一詞下了一個定義：“以扣頭或書面的形式，在合適的時間向經(jīng)理、職員以及外界人員提供過去的、現(xiàn)在的、預(yù)測未來的有關(guān)企業(yè)內(nèi)部及其環(huán)境的信息，以幫助他們進(jìn)行決策”。在這個定義里強(qiáng)調(diào)了用信息支持決策，但并沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用模型，沒有提到計(jì)算機(jī)的應(yīng)用。1985年，管理信息系統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)始人，名尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)的管理學(xué)教授Gordon B.Davis給了管理信息系統(tǒng)一個較為完整的定義，即“管理信息系統(tǒng)是一個利用計(jì)算機(jī)軟硬件資源以及數(shù)據(jù)庫的人-機(jī)系統(tǒng)。它能提供信息支持企業(yè)或組織的運(yùn)行、管理和決策功能?！?這個定義全面

55、的說明了管理信息系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)、功能和組成，而且反映了管理信息系統(tǒng)在當(dāng)時達(dá)到的水平。1.1管理信息系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷史管理信息系統(tǒng)在初級階段是統(tǒng)計(jì)系統(tǒng)，所研究的內(nèi)容是數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)間表面的規(guī)律，它可以把數(shù)據(jù)分成較相關(guān)和較不相關(guān)的組，然后把數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為信息。第二階段是數(shù)據(jù)更新系統(tǒng)，其典型代表是美國航空公司于20世紀(jì)50年代建成的SABRE預(yù)約訂票系統(tǒng)。它設(shè)有1008個訂票點(diǎn)，可以存取個旅客記錄和27000個飛行段記錄。它的操作比較復(fù)雜，在任何“點(diǎn)”都可以查到某一航班是否有空座位。但從概念上來講，它只是一個數(shù)據(jù)更新系統(tǒng)，比如它不能告訴你以現(xiàn)在的售票速度何時票將售完，從而采取補(bǔ)救措施。因而它也是管理信息系統(tǒng)的低級階段

56、。第三階段是狀態(tài)報(bào)告系統(tǒng)，它可以分成生產(chǎn)狀況報(bào)告、服務(wù)狀態(tài)報(bào)告和研究狀態(tài)報(bào)告等系統(tǒng)。比如生產(chǎn)狀況報(bào)告系統(tǒng)，它的典型代表是IBM公司的生產(chǎn)管理系統(tǒng)。眾所周知，IBM公司是世界上最大的計(jì)算機(jī)公司，1964年它生產(chǎn)出中型計(jì)算機(jī)IBM360，使計(jì)算機(jī)的水平提高了一個臺階，但同時組織生產(chǎn)的管理工作卻大大復(fù)雜化了，一臺計(jì)算機(jī)又超過15000個不同的部件，每個部件又有若干個元件，加之IBM的工廠遍及美國各地，不同的訂貨有不同的部件和不同的元件，必須指出什么工廠什么設(shè)備生產(chǎn)什么元件，因此不僅生產(chǎn)復(fù)雜，裝配、安裝和運(yùn)輸都十分復(fù)雜。為了保證生產(chǎn)以及其他環(huán)節(jié)的順利進(jìn)行，必須要有一個以計(jì)算機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的生產(chǎn)狀態(tài)報(bào)告系統(tǒng)。因此同年IBM建立了先進(jìn)管理系統(tǒng)AAS,它能進(jìn)行450個業(yè)務(wù)的操作。1968年，公司又建立了公用制造信息系統(tǒng)CMIS,運(yùn)行很成功，過去需要15周的工作，該系統(tǒng)只用3周就可以完成。狀態(tài)報(bào)告系統(tǒng)還有一種形式是數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)，它用來處理日常業(yè)務(wù)和生產(chǎn)報(bào)告，重點(diǎn)在于將手工作業(yè)自動化，提高效率和節(jié)省人力。數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)一般不能提供決策信息。最后的階段是決策支持系統(tǒng)，它是用來輔助決策的信息系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)可以計(jì)劃、分析方案，審查解答和求解的誤差。它應(yīng)有較好的人-機(jī)對話方式，可以和不怎么熟悉計(jì)算機(jī)的人員通話。它一般包括一些模型