PEP-小學(xué)六年級(jí)小升初總復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、一、名詞（名詞分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞）可數(shù)名詞：1）單數(shù)（表示一個(gè)人或事物）；l 一般在前面加a；l 以元音開頭的單詞前用an：（元音字母有Aa，Ee，Ii，Oo，Uu）an apple an English book 特殊記：an hour a university student2）復(fù)數(shù)（表示多于一個(gè)的人或數(shù)）。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成形式變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+sbooks, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以-s,-sh, -ch, -x結(jié)尾+esbuses, boxes, watches大多數(shù)以-o結(jié)尾的名詞+estomatoes, potat

2、oes少多數(shù)以-o結(jié)尾的名詞+spianos, photos, zoos以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾把y改成i再加escities, libraries以f和fe結(jié)尾的大多數(shù)名詞把f或fe改成v再加esknives, leaves不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)1. man-men, woman-women ,policeman-policewomen，tooth-teeth, foot-feet, child-children2. 有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣： sheep, deer, fish, people不可數(shù)名詞(沒有復(fù)數(shù)，前面不加a/an)：如，hair，rice，bread，milk, water

3、, tea, money, medicine, beef名詞所有格的形式：?jiǎn)螖?shù)人稱名詞末尾加 s mothers Mikes以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加 girls students 不以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加s childrens mens 二、人稱代詞人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits三、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞主要表示動(dòng)作，小學(xué)

4、的動(dòng)詞主要有：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can等。注意：be動(dòng)詞的用法：I跟am，you/we/they跟are，is連著he/she/it,單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)都用are。動(dòng)詞的基本形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)過去式現(xiàn)在分詞learnlearnslearnedlearningstudystudiesstudiedstudyingdodoesdiddoinggogoeswentgoingrunrunsranrunningswimswimsswamswimminghavehashadhaving三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式情況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+sworks, learns, says結(jié)尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+e

5、spasses, washes, teaches, goes，watches結(jié)尾為輔音字母+y變y為i+esstudies, flies動(dòng)詞的過去式加ed以e結(jié)尾，加ed以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，先變y為i再加ed以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞特殊lookedwashedpassedlikedlived studied stopped, plannedmake-made sing-sang fly-flew win-wonbuy-bought take-took eat-ate see-sawget-got am/is-was are-were leave-left現(xiàn)在分詞情

6、況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+ingdoing, asking以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞去e加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加inggetting, setting, putting, sitting，planning動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是表示時(shí)間和表示方式的一種動(dòng)詞形式。小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的時(shí)態(tài)有：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：work/works2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are working3. 一般過去時(shí)：worked4. 一般將來時(shí)：am/is/are going to work1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常表示經(jīng)常發(fā)

7、生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或目前的狀態(tài)(結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞用原形或三人稱單數(shù))。常與時(shí)間副詞連用：sometimes, always, often, usually, every（day，weekend，month，year）, on Sundays, on the weekend等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句I work.We work.I dont work.We dont work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSh

8、eHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it特殊疑問句：What do you usually do?2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)通常表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作(結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞ing )。常見的與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有關(guān)的詞有：now, look, listen等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You arent working.Are you wor

9、king?They are working.They arent working.Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isnt working.It sheIs he working? it特殊疑問句：What are you doing now?3.一般過去時(shí)通常表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。(結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞用過去式 )。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last（day，weekend，month，year，night, Sunday）in 1998等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句

10、否定句一般疑問句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you work?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it特殊疑問句：What did you do yesterday?4.一般將來時(shí)(結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are + going to +動(dòng)詞原形 或者will +動(dòng)詞原形)表示將

11、來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常與一些表示將來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：tomorrow, next（weekend，month，year）,the day after tomorrowBe going to do表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?；也可以表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to work.We arent going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?Youre going to w

12、ork.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyre going to work.They arent going to work.Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? itYoure going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?特殊疑問句：What are you going to do tomor

13、row?/what will you do next week?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的用法：基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句I can swim.We can swim.I cant swim.We cant swim.Can I swim?Can we swim?You can swim.You cant swim.Can you swim?They can swim.They cant swim.Can they swim?SheHe can swim.ItSheHe cant swim.It sheCan he swim? it特殊疑問句：What can you do?四、數(shù)詞1.表示數(shù)目的詞

14、稱為基數(shù)詞112的基數(shù)詞：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319的基數(shù)詞： thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090的基數(shù)詞： twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2129的基數(shù)： twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-

15、five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven.百位數(shù)：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundredfive hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and one千位數(shù)：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousa

16、nd one hundred and five2 表示數(shù)目順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞1. 英語(yǔ)序數(shù)詞第1-19除了first, second與third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。 注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和twelfth的拼法特殊。2. 十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾ty中的y變?yōu)閕，然后加后綴-eth,如： twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth五、介詞方位介詞in, on, at, under, to, over, behind, beside, near, before, in front of, next

17、to, between時(shí)間介詞in, on, at, after（.之后）, before, fromto, past, between（.之間）其它of, by（.交通方式）, with（和）, into, out off, for, about（關(guān)于）,in+月份/季節(jié)/年份 如：in May， in spring，in 2013， in the morning/afternoon/eveningin+地點(diǎn) 如：in the park in Shanghai on+星期/日期等具體時(shí)間 如：on Monday in October 22ndat+具體時(shí)刻或地點(diǎn) 如：at 9:00 at h

18、ome 六、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)情況比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般情況+er, 如：taller, longer+est, 如：tallest, longest以e結(jié)尾+r, 如： larger+st, 如： largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞雙寫最后一個(gè)字母再+er, 如: bigger, fatter，hotter，thinner雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再+est，如：biggest, fattest ,hottest，thinnest以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞把y改為i再+er, 如：busier, earlier，happier，funnier把y改為i再+est, 如：busiest, earl

19、iest,happiest,funniest不規(guī)則的詞：good/well many/much farbettermorefartherbest most farthest比較級(jí)的用法如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He is thinner than me.My hands are bigger than yours.Jim is as tall as his father.( Jim和他爸爸一樣高。)Litter Water Drop goes higher and higher.(小水滴越飛越高。)The higher the mountain is, the t

20、hinner the air is.（山越高，空氣就越稀?。┳罡呒?jí)的用法：Which do you like best, basketball, volleyball, or football? 籃球，排球，足球，你最喜歡哪一種？Who is oldest of the three boys? (三個(gè)男孩，誰最老？) 七There be 的結(jié)構(gòu)There be表示 “某處有某物”, 肯定句： There is/was a There are/were 一般疑問句: Is/Was there ? Yes, there is/was. No, there isnt/was. Are there?

21、Yes, there are/were. No, there arent/werent.否定句： There isnt/wasnt . There arent/werent.1.Some 和 any 一般情況下， some用于肯定句中， any用于否定句和疑問句中。如： There is some milk in the bottle. There arent any pictures on the wall. Is there anything new in todays newspaper?2.Be動(dòng)詞與后面所跟名詞的就近原則： There is a pen and two pencils

22、 in the box. There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.3.特殊疑問句：1) Whats in the basket? There are some eggs in it.2) How many students are there in your class? There are fifty students.八“Wh”的疑問句1. What1) Whats this/that? 2) Whats your name? 3) What are you doing? 4) What do you like? 5)

23、What did you do? 6) What does he/she do? 7) What do you usually do on the weekends? 8) What are you going to do? 9) What colour is it? 10) Whats the weather like? 11) What time is it? Whats the time? 12) What day is it today? Whats the date? 13) What would you like? 13) What can you see? 14) What su

24、bjects do you have this term? 15) What lessons do you have in the morning?How 1) How are you? 2) How old are you? 3) How do we go to the park? 4) How many apples can you see? 5) How much are they? 6) How about? 7) How far is it from here? How long is it? How often do you go to the park ? How heavy are you? How big is it? How tall are you?Who Who is that? Whos that boy in/with?Whose 1)Whose is this bike? 2)Whose bike is this? 3) Whose bag is bigger, yours