從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響

1、從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響負(fù)影響TheThe NegativeNegative EffectEffect ofof thetheInterpreterInterpreters s Fore-structureFore-structure ononTranslation:Translation: a a HermeneuticalHermeneutical StudyStudy【作者】 劉艷賓；【導(dǎo)師】 李亞丹；【作者基本信息】 華中師范大學(xué)， 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)， 2002， 碩士【摘要】 本文旨在從譯者的角度，

2、并以語(yǔ)言哲學(xué)釋義學(xué)為指導(dǎo)，系統(tǒng)分析前結(jié)構(gòu)“先行具有”、“先行看見(jiàn)”、“先行設(shè)定”三因素分別體現(xiàn)在翻譯語(yǔ)言單位中四層次詞語(yǔ)、句子、語(yǔ)段、語(yǔ)篇的負(fù)影響，在雙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換中，以正確方式進(jìn)入闡釋的釋義學(xué)循環(huán)，以達(dá)等效。 目前對(duì)于譯者研究的問(wèn)題主要是圍繞譯者的社會(huì)因素，很少涉及來(lái)自譯者本身的影響，尤其是來(lái)自譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響。此外，以前的翻譯研究分別從語(yǔ)言學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)言學(xué)、符號(hào)學(xué)、文學(xué)以及藝術(shù)理論著手，注重雙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換中的客觀因素，如文本本身，而對(duì)譯者這一主觀因素，尤其是來(lái)自譯者母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的影響則研究不夠。這種局限妨礙了對(duì)于譯者這一主觀因素的進(jìn)一步研究，也阻礙了翻譯整體性發(fā)展。 根據(jù)海德格爾本體釋義學(xué)，解釋從來(lái)不是

3、對(duì)先行給定的東西所作的無(wú)前提的把握。把某某東西作為某某東西加以解釋?zhuān)@在本質(zhì)上是通過(guò)先行具有、先行看見(jiàn)、先行設(shè)定來(lái)起作用的。這三個(gè)因素構(gòu)成了人們理解的前結(jié)構(gòu)。先行具有是指先行具有的文化習(xí)慣，先行看見(jiàn)是指先行擁有的概念系統(tǒng)，先行設(shè)定是先行具有的假設(shè)。一切的闡釋都以一種在先的理解為前提，而這種在先的理解有時(shí)住住牽制甚至規(guī)定闡釋?zhuān)蚨U釋會(huì)陷入釋義學(xué)循環(huán)，所謂最終的闡釋也就成為一種空想。沒(méi)有在先的理解，不可能有闡釋。以正確的方式進(jìn)入循環(huán)是正確理解與闡釋的條件。就翻譯中譯者因素而言，如果我們要以正確的方式進(jìn)入循環(huán)，我們必須克服譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響。 從語(yǔ)言的角度，翻譯是不同語(yǔ)言的轉(zhuǎn)換，或者是原語(yǔ)和譯入語(yǔ)

4、中不同語(yǔ)言單位的轉(zhuǎn)換。兩種不同語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)言單位通常是不等同的，所以轉(zhuǎn)換是在語(yǔ)言對(duì)比中進(jìn)行的。在翻譯過(guò)程中，譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響須通過(guò)克服原語(yǔ)和譯入語(yǔ)之間結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異，熟悉兩種語(yǔ)言不同的表現(xiàn)形式和它們的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則來(lái)避免。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)形式以及使用層次涉及四個(gè)方面字詞，句子，語(yǔ)段以及篇章。 在字詞方面，本文根據(jù)利奇六類(lèi)詞義的劃分，系統(tǒng)分析前結(jié)溝對(duì)字詞層面的負(fù)影響（概念意義，內(nèi)含意義，風(fēng)格意義，感情意義，反映意義，聯(lián)想意義），主題意義除外，它將在旬子部分加以分析。在句子層面，本文從三個(gè)方面（句于連接，詞序安排，語(yǔ)態(tài)）分析前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響；在語(yǔ)段方面，研究前結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)兩個(gè)方面（語(yǔ)段間的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)以及語(yǔ)段內(nèi)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整）

5、的負(fù)影響。在語(yǔ)篇方面，研究前結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)兩個(gè)主要方面（語(yǔ)篇的銜接與連貫，謀篇布局）的負(fù)影響。本文作者希望，通過(guò)研究譯者母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)體現(xiàn)在譯入語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言單位四個(gè)方面的負(fù)影響，能有助于調(diào)整和修改語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)存的認(rèn)知概念，避免原文理解的偏見(jiàn)，以達(dá)翻譯等效。 更多還原【Abstract】 Guided by Hermeneutics, one branch of philosophy oflanguage, this thesis is intended to systematically analyze at theangle of the interpreter the three factors of the f

6、ore-structure -fore-having, fore-sight, fore-conception and their negativeeffects on the four levels of language - words, sentences, sentencegroups and discourses respectively in the translation process for thepurpose of getting into Hermeneutical circle properly inunderstanding and arriving at equi

7、valence between the source text andtranslated text in bilingual transference.The problem with thepresent study of the interpreter is that studies are mainly made ofthe interpreters social factor, rarely of the effect of theinterpreter himself, especially the negative effect of theinterpreters fore-s

8、tructure. The previous researchers studiedtranslation from the perspective of linguistics, structurallinguistics, semiology, literature and art theory. They mainlystudied the objective factor in language transference, e.g. the textitself. As for the subjective factor, the interpreter, not enoughstud

9、y has been made, especially that of the effect of aninterpreters mother tongue. The limitations may hinder furtherstudy of the subjective factor of the interpreter and hinder thedevelopment of translation from the angle of a whole unity.Accordingto Heideggers Onto-Hermeneutics, interpretation is nev

10、er apresuppositionless grasping of something previously given. Theinterpretation of something as something is essentially grounded infore-having, fore-sight and fore-conception. The three factorsconstitute the fore-structure of ones interpretation. Fore-havingrefers to the pre-occupied cultural habi

11、ts, fore-sight the pre-occupied conceptual system and fore-conception the pre-occupiedassumption. All interpretation must be based on a certain kind ofpre-understanding, while this kind of pre-understanding usuallycontain, or even set the interpretation. Thus interpretation may fallinto Hermeneutica

12、l circle and the so-called final interpretation maybecome a kind of fantasy. The fore-structure of understanding is thecondition of interpretation. Without it, interpretation would beimpossible. To enter the circle in a correct way is the condition ofproper understanding and interpretation. As far a

13、s the factor ofinterpreter in translation is concerned, if weare to enter thecircle in correct ways, we must get rid of the negative effect of thefore-structure of the interpreter.From the angle of language,translation is the transference between different languages, or thetransference between vario

14、us language units of the source text andthe target text. The language units in two different languages areusually not equivalent, so transference is completed through thecomparison of languages. In the process of translation, the negativeeffect of the fore-structure of the interpreter can be avoided

15、 bygetting rid of the differences in structure between source languageand target language and making familiar the different expressiveforms and the transference rules of the two languages. Theconstruction forms and usage levels concern four basic aspects -words, sentences, sentence groups and discou

16、rses.The negative effectof the fore-structure on the level of words is analyzedsystematically according to Leechs six types of word meaning(conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, stylistic meaning,affective meaning, reflected meaning and collocative meaning) exceptthematic meaning, which is analyz

17、ed in the part of sentence analysis.From the three aspects (connection within sentence, arrangement ofsentence order and sentence voices), the negative effect of the fore-structure on the level of sentences is also studied. For the negativeeffect of the fore-structure in terms of sentence groups, st

18、udies aremainly made of the two aspects (logical connection within sentencegroup and adjustment of structure within sentence group). The twomain aspects (cohesion and coherence of discourses, development andorganization of disc 更多還原【關(guān)鍵詞】 前結(jié)構(gòu)； 三因素； 負(fù)影響； 譯者； 語(yǔ)言單位；【Key words】 fore-structure； three fact

19、ors； negative effects；interpreter； language unit；參考文獻(xiàn)：英語(yǔ)翻譯中母語(yǔ)遷移的實(shí)證研究文章通過(guò)對(duì)一定數(shù)量大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)翻譯的作業(yè)的實(shí)證研究，結(jié)合相關(guān)參量進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析，比較英漢語(yǔ)言的差異對(duì)大學(xué)生翻譯的影響，以期找到發(fā)揮漢語(yǔ)正遷移作用、減少其負(fù)遷移作用的基本策略，從而幫助大學(xué).收錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)：中文科技期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 來(lái)源：焦作大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào) 2009 年 第 4期 作者：黃順紅 胡婷婷 機(jī)構(gòu)：安徽師范大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院 安徽蕪湖 241003從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的從釋義學(xué)的角度論翻譯中母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響負(fù)影響TheThe NegativeNegative E

20、ffectEffect ofof thetheInterpreterInterpreters s Fore-structureFore-structure ononTranslation:Translation: a a HermeneuticalHermeneutical StudyStudy【作者】 劉艷賓；【導(dǎo)師】 李亞丹；【作者基本信息】 華中師范大學(xué)， 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)， 2002， 碩士【摘要】 本文旨在從譯者的角度，并以語(yǔ)言哲學(xué)釋義學(xué)為指導(dǎo)，系統(tǒng)分析前結(jié)構(gòu)“先行具有”、“先行看見(jiàn)”、“先行設(shè)定”三因素分別體現(xiàn)在翻譯語(yǔ)言單位中四層次詞語(yǔ)、句子、語(yǔ)段、語(yǔ)篇的負(fù)影響，在雙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換中，以正確方

21、式進(jìn)入闡釋的釋義學(xué)循環(huán)，以達(dá)等效。 目前對(duì)于譯者研究的問(wèn)題主要是圍繞譯者的社會(huì)因素，很少涉及來(lái)自譯者本身的影響，尤其是來(lái)自譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響。此外，以前的翻譯研究分別從語(yǔ)言學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)言學(xué)、符號(hào)學(xué)、文學(xué)以及藝術(shù)理論著手，注重雙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換中的客觀因素，如文本本身，而對(duì)譯者這一主觀因素，尤其是來(lái)自譯者母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)的影響則研究不夠。這種局限妨礙了對(duì)于譯者這一主觀因素的進(jìn)一步研究，也阻礙了翻譯整體性發(fā)展。 根據(jù)海德格爾本體釋義學(xué)，解釋從來(lái)不是對(duì)先行給定的東西所作的無(wú)前提的把握。把某某東西作為某某東西加以解釋?zhuān)@在本質(zhì)上是通過(guò)先行具有、先行看見(jiàn)、先行設(shè)定來(lái)起作用的。這三個(gè)因素構(gòu)成了人們理解的前結(jié)構(gòu)。先行具有是指

22、先行具有的文化習(xí)慣，先行看見(jiàn)是指先行擁有的概念系統(tǒng)，先行設(shè)定是先行具有的假設(shè)。一切的闡釋都以一種在先的理解為前提，而這種在先的理解有時(shí)住住牽制甚至規(guī)定闡釋?zhuān)蚨U釋會(huì)陷入釋義學(xué)循環(huán)，所謂最終的闡釋也就成為一種空想。沒(méi)有在先的理解，不可能有闡釋。以正確的方式進(jìn)入循環(huán)是正確理解與闡釋的條件。就翻譯中譯者因素而言，如果我們要以正確的方式進(jìn)入循環(huán)，我們必須克服譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響。 從語(yǔ)言的角度，翻譯是不同語(yǔ)言的轉(zhuǎn)換，或者是原語(yǔ)和譯入語(yǔ)中不同語(yǔ)言單位的轉(zhuǎn)換。兩種不同語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)言單位通常是不等同的，所以轉(zhuǎn)換是在語(yǔ)言對(duì)比中進(jìn)行的。在翻譯過(guò)程中，譯者前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響須通過(guò)克服原語(yǔ)和譯入語(yǔ)之間結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異，熟悉兩種

23、語(yǔ)言不同的表現(xiàn)形式和它們的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則來(lái)避免。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)形式以及使用層次涉及四個(gè)方面字詞，句子，語(yǔ)段以及篇章。 在字詞方面，本文根據(jù)利奇六類(lèi)詞義的劃分，系統(tǒng)分析前結(jié)溝對(duì)字詞層面的負(fù)影響（概念意義，內(nèi)含意義，風(fēng)格意義，感情意義，反映意義，聯(lián)想意義），主題意義除外，它將在旬子部分加以分析。在句子層面，本文從三個(gè)方面（句于連接，詞序安排，語(yǔ)態(tài)）分析前結(jié)構(gòu)的負(fù)影響；在語(yǔ)段方面，研究前結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)兩個(gè)方面（語(yǔ)段間的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)以及語(yǔ)段內(nèi)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整）的負(fù)影響。在語(yǔ)篇方面，研究前結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)兩個(gè)主要方面（語(yǔ)篇的銜接與連貫，謀篇布局）的負(fù)影響。本文作者希望，通過(guò)研究譯者母語(yǔ)前結(jié)構(gòu)體現(xiàn)在譯入語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言單位四個(gè)方面的負(fù)影響，能有助于調(diào)

24、整和修改語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)存的認(rèn)知概念，避免原文理解的偏見(jiàn)，以達(dá)翻譯等效。 更多還原【Abstract】 Guided by Hermeneutics, one branch of philosophy oflanguage, this thesis is intended to systematically analyze at theangle of the interpreter the three factors of the fore-structure -fore-having, fore-sight, fore-conception and their negativeeffects on

25、the four levels of language - words, sentences, sentencegroups and discourses respectively in the translation process for thepurpose of getting into Hermeneutical circle properly inunderstanding and arriving at equivalence between the source text andtranslated text in bilingual transference.The prob

26、lem with thepresent study of the interpreter is that studies are mainly made ofthe interpreters social factor, rarely of the effect of theinterpreter himself, especially the negative effect of theinterpreters fore-structure. The previous researchers studiedtranslation from the perspective of linguis

27、tics, structurallinguistics, semiology, literature and art theory. They mainlystudied the objective factor in language transference, e.g. the textitself. As for the subjective factor, the interpreter, not enoughstudy has been made, especially that of the effect of aninterpreters mother tongue. The l

28、imitations may hinder furtherstudy of the subjective factor of the interpreter and hinder thedevelopment of translation from the angle of a whole unity.Accordingto Heideggers Onto-Hermeneutics, interpretation is never apresuppositionless grasping of something previously given. Theinterpretation of s

29、omething as something is essentially grounded infore-having, fore-sight and fore-conception. The three factorsconstitute the fore-structure of ones interpretation. Fore-havingrefers to the pre-occupied cultural habits, fore-sight the pre-occupied conceptual system and fore-conception the pre-occupie

30、dassumption. All interpretation must be based on a certain kind ofpre-understanding, while this kind of pre-understanding usuallycontain, or even set the interpretation. Thus interpretation may fallinto Hermeneutical circle and the so-called final interpretation maybecome a kind of fantasy. The fore

31、-structure of understanding is thecondition of interpretation. Without it, interpretation would beimpossible. To enter the circle in a correct way is the condition ofproper understanding and interpretation. As far as the factor ofinterpreter in translation is concerned, if weare to enter thecircle i

32、n correct ways, we must get rid of the negative effect of thefore-structure of the interpreter.From the angle of language,translation is the transference between different languages, or thetransference between various language units of the source text andthe target text. The language units in two di

33、fferent languages areusually not equivalent, so transference is completed through thecomparison of languages. In the process of translation, the negativeeffect of the fore-structure of the interpreter can be avoided bygetting rid of the differences in structure between source languageand target language and making familiar the different expressiveforms and the transference rules of the two languages. Theconstruction forms and usage levels concern four basic aspects -words, sentences, sentence groups and discourses.The n